Psychophysiological support for the professional activities of servicemen

Optimal solution of the personnel replenishment problem, the necessity of training and education process improvement in the training centers and schools, the outcome of social, psychological and medical measures greatly depend on the overall physical and mental health state of the servicemen and their professional training quality. On the basis of their long standing experience the authors discuss the traits of the psychophysiological maintenance of the military professional activities of servicemen, in particular--the methodology and theory of professional psychological selection, the importance of body functional indications for the estimation of the fighting capabilities of military units. They examine some prospects for the psychophysiological expertise in the promotion procedures of commanding officers and make a suggestion that psychophysiological maintenance in the Armed Forces would increase its combat capabilities and help to avoid some negative effects in military groups.     

Band structure of the diluted magnetic semiconductor MnxCd1−x GeAs2

The electron-density-functional approach is used to calculate the band structure of the CdGeAs₂ semiconductor and the diluted magnetic semiconductor Mn_xCd_1?x GeAs₂, which has a ferromagnetic structure at x = 0.06. The results indicate that the incorporation of Mn increases the band gap at its center and leads to the formation of a band derived from Mn levels, whose energy is a weak function of wave vector. The calculation results agree with experimental data.     

Rheological characteristics of processing of thermoplastics reinforced with carbon fibres

Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 61–64, September–October, 1994.     

Patterns in the shaping and realization of individual experience

This article describes the methodological approach of systemic psychology. In the framework of this approach a wide range of experimental data is analyzed: results of neuronal recordings in vitro and in awake normal and pathological animals learning to perform and performing both complex instrumental and simple behavioral acts. Another block of analyzed data is based on the experiments with human subjects that learn and perform the tasks of categorization of words and operator tasks, subjects, performing group game activity and answering the questionnaires of psychodiagnostic methods. As a result of this analysis, the system psychology approach is used to describe qualitatively and quantitatively the formation and realization of individual experience.     

Diagnosis and treatment of nephroptosis in flying personnel

Fifty human subjects of flying personnel and 25 human subjects of ground personnel suffered from nephroptosis mean age of which was 28.7 +/- 0.9 years have been under study. Dynamics observation of flying personnel for a period of 1-8 years revealed that the persons suffered from nephroptosis of the 1st stage are capable of performing the flying activity without limitations and need such observation and performance of the appropriate treatment- and--prophylactic measures. With the nephroptosis of stage II (27 pilots), the early operative treatment for eliminating the nephroptosis is indicated. The post-operative supervision of such patients is mastered. The nephropexy has been performed in 24 pilots; more recently, 23 persons were allowed to perform flying activities without restrictions, there were no nephroptosis recurrences. In the patients group of ground servicing personnel (26 persons) there have effectively been performed 20 nephropexies. Thus, it has been possible to overcome the nephroptosis and to improve the functional state of the kidneys. The operative treatment results allow one to recommend the early operative treatment of the stage II nephroptosis in the flying personnel even in the absence of the complicated nephroptosis and pronounced disorder of the kidney function.     

Biomechanical problems of the maxillodental system in children

The biomechanical regularities of the function of anatomic blocks of the maxillodental system were studied using mathematical simulation and mathematical models. The biological concept of the structure and biomechanics of human masticatory system is presented. Methods of rapid diagnosis, based on the anthropometric characteristics of the face, and a mathematical model of the function of the maxillodental system intended for the orthodontic treatment of maxillodental abnormalities in children have been developed.     

Lipid peroxidation in thyroid tissue of people with diffuse toxic goiter

BACKGROUND: A growing number of dependent elderly people is cared for at home by family members. However, long-term caregiving may become an intolerable strain for some families and lead to failure of family care. The aim of the study was to examine if level of physical and mental disability of the patient influences the extent of perceived caregiver burden representing risk factor for negative outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS: 128 elderly patients with disability and dependency (37 men, 91 women, average age 79.9 +/- 6.9 yrs) and 128 their primary caregivers, mostly family members (28.9% men, 71.1% women) were evaluated. Functional status of care recipient was assessed by means of Barthel ADL Index (mean = 70.9 +/- 26.5), IADL Test (mean = 31.4 +/- 23.5) and Mini-Mental State Exam, MMSE (mean = 20.4 +/- 6.5). Average score of Caregiver Burden Interview (CBI) was 34.7 +/- 18.8. According to CBI, 40.6% of caregivers were found under high or even extremely hig level of stress. Level of perceived burden correlated significantly with physical and mental disability level, in decreasing order for IADL, ADL and MMSE (rs = 0.582-0.708, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Caregiver burden of family caregivers is significantly related to the level of functioning and cognitive impairment of care recipient, particularly to his/her ability to perform instrumental activities. Functional decline of elderly patient represents a risk factor which contributes to negative caregiving outcome and institutional placement.     

The use of a method of sequential mathematical analysis for the differential diagnosis of trauma from a fall from a height and of trauma due to the collision of a moving automobile with a pedestrian by the chest injuries

Fifty cadavers of subjects dead after falling from height and 50 cadavers of subjects dead as a result of collisions between moving cars and pedestrians were examined. Under study were injuries to soft tissues of the chest, thoracic bones and viscera, and combinations thereof. Mathematical probability successive analysis after Gubler (1978) helped distinguish 64 highly informative injuries-signs which permit determining the type of injury. Diagnostic coefficients and informative value of these signs are presented in the differential diagnostic table.