Surgical treatment of suppurative mastitis

Due to the improvement of chemotherapy some changes in the last 10 years took place concerning the indications of active surgical interventions. Special aspects of tuberculosis of the spine and joints are emphasized.     

Isoelectric focusing of plasma membrane proteins from Strongylocentrotus intermedius sea urchin embryo cells

14C-amino acids were introduced into the developing sea urchin embryos S. intermedius in 7,5 hours after the fertilization (middle blastula stage). In 30 min the embryos development were terminated, the plasma membrane was isolated and 14C-labelled proteins were recovered from the membrane with 8 M urea and separated by isoelectrofocusing in pH gradient 3,5-10 in presence of 6 M urea. All 14C-label was introduced into two proteins with pI 4,85-4,90 and 5,20-5,25 and the proteins were effectively separated. The minimal molecular weight of the proteins estimated by SDS-acrylamide gel-electrophoresis was 10 000 and 15 000 daltons, respectively.     

Allozyme heterozygosity, sexual maturation rate, and longevity

Humans, animals, and plants are shown to have a universal polygenic system maintained by stabilizing selection, which underlies highly significant correlations between multilocus allozyme heterozygosity, the sexual maturation rate, and longevity. For 77 animal and 30 plant species, it was demonstrated that allozyme genomic heterozygosity (1) is positively correlated with rate of sexual maturity (2) (r12 = 0.815, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with longevity; (3) (r13 = -0.793, P < 0.001). These relationships are significantly affected by the genotype-environment interactions that modify the structure of the metabolism related to growth and development. An increase in the number of heterotic genes involved in growth and development increases the energy expenditure in this ontogenetic period, accelerates the sexual maturation rate, and shortens the life span.     

Effect of microelements on formation of acids and ethyl alcohol by Saccharomyces carlsbergensis yeasts]

The effect of Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Al, Cu, and K on the synthesis of pyruvic, alpha-ketoglutaric and total volatile acids and ethanol was studied in the process of fermentation of 6 per cent maltose solution by Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 776. Experiments were conducted using techniques of their mathematical planning. Fe, Pb, and Mn at concentrations of 15.0, 0.5, and 1.5 mg/litre, respectively, had a positive effect on the synthesis of pyruvic acid whose concentration in the medium increased by 3.3 mg per 100 ml to become equal to 43.3 mg per 100 ml. Fe3+ at a concentration of 15 mg/litre had a negative effect on the synthesis of alpha-ketoglutaric acid. The synthesis of volatile acids depended on the presence of Fe, Zn, Pb, Al, and K. Fe and Al at concentrations of 15 mg/litre favoured the synthesis of volatile acids by 2.72 mg/litre. In the presence of Zn (1.5 mg/litre), Pb (0.5 mg/litre), and K (15 mg/litre), the content of volatile acids decreased by 4.48 mg/litre and became equal to 14.94 mg/litre. Zn at a concentration of 1.5 mg/litre inhibited it.     

Operations in concomitant diseases of the abdominal organs

Under consideration are one-moment operations for associated lesions of abdominal organs. Based on the experience with 103 such operations, the authors subdivided patients into two groups: emergency operated patients and those in whom planned interventions were performed. It is believed by the authors, that a careful clinical preoperative examination of the latter and methodical revision of abdominal organs in urgent laparotomies make it possible to reveal an associated pathology of abdominal organs and to perform a radical one-moment operative procedure.     

The effect of damage to the n. accumbens septi on drinking behavior and on the ion-regulatory and excretory functions of the kidneys

The experiments on adult male rats have shown that electrolytic damage of the n. accumbens septi (NAS) increases the water intake and the kaliuretic response. The NAS damage and intragastric water administration in the quantity 5% to the bodyweight influence on the renal natrium excretion and on the glomerular filtration. The possible mechanisms of influences of the limbic damages on the drinking behaviour and on the renal solute and water excretion are discussed.