Dynamics of radiation environment of space station "Mir" by the "DOZA-A1" readings

One of the serious disadvantages of the U.S. (AP-8 and AE-8) and Russian trapped radiation models is the lack of data concerning the dynamics of trapped particles fluences within a time interval shorter than the solar cycle. The available models are capable to predict the energy spectra of trapped particles only for periods in the vicinity of the solar minimum or maximum. The current models are also lacking data about the angular distribution of trapped particles. Meanwhile, these facts are important in conjunction with the problems of radiation safety of space crews. DOZA-A1 incorporating 7 semiconductor detector with a dose sensitivity of 2.4. 10(-4) muGy/pulse and a temporal resolution of 15 seconds, and a reading and charging unit were delivered to MIR in September, 1995; the experiment began in January, 1996. Measurements were made in three locations of the basal module. The articles deals with the analysis and comparison of experimental data with results of other dosimetric determinations and predictions of the trapped radiation models.     

The rehabilitation of the wounded with combat injuries to the extremities

In the article necessity of organization of system of rehabilitation of the wounds in the limbs is emphasized, its main rules, components, problems and methods are opened. Due to early specialized surgical care in combination to modern conservative grant terms of stationary treatment are much reduced, in 2 times quantity of good remote results is increased, in 3 times number of bad outcomes, in 1.5 time--number of retired, on 15.2%--physical inability are reduced. Ways of further perfection of system of complex rehabilitation treatment are planned.     

Occlusion pressure in the first 100 ms of inspiration (P0.1) as an index of the possibility of decreasing respiratory support in acute respiratory failure

The need in making the process of transfer of patients to spontaneous respiration using ventilation of the lungs with inspiratory pressure support (VLIPS) after prolonged mechanical ventilation of the lungs prompted the authors to analyze the prognostic value of criteria traditionally used by the physician to cease or decrease the respiratory support (vital capacity of the lungs, peak spontaneous flow, PaO2, etc.) and the P0.1 occlusion pressure in the airways at the end of the first 100 msec of inhalation. This latter value proved to be the most sensitive (88%), specific (86%), positive (95%) and negative (67%) prognostic value in predicting the results of decrease of respiratory support under conditions of VLIPS. The P0.1 value determining the result of decrease of respiratory support in patients with parenchymatous pulmonary diseases under conditions of VLIPS is 3.8 cm H2O.