The surgical procedure in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome

The authors dealt with treatment of 112 patients aged 27-70 years with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Diathermocoagulation was used in order to arrest bleeding. In profuse bleeding the margins of the mucosa fissures were first infiltrated with a solution of adrenaline. The Blakemore [correction of Bleikmorr] probe compression method was also used. Organ-saving operations were performed for continuing and recurrent bleedings. Two elderly patients with severe coexistent disease died. The authors consider that patients with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome must be treated by conservative methods. Operations for disruptions of the esophagus mucosa and acute blood loss will entail great risk.     

Factors in the development of chronic infection foci in the nasopharynx

Antigens were studied of HLA system in always ailing patients presenting with the formed chronic focus of infection in the tonsils. A total of 56 patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis who were assigned for tonsillectomy by clinical indications were examined together with 53 essentially healthy subjects. Tonsillitis patients revealed HLA-antigens B7, A1, associations A10B7, more frequently than controls, the difference being statistically significant. The data obtained are helpful in identification of risk groups in relation to formation in recurrent respiratory diseases of chronic focal pathology in the nasopharynx.     

Assessment of the severity of grave cranio-cerebral injury and its outcome according to the state of energy metabolism in the brain]

A dynamic study of the arteriovenous oxygen and lactic acid content difference, as well as a study of the CSF content of the lactic acid in patients with a severe craniocerebral trauma permitted to evaluate the severity of the pathological process and the results of its treatment. A growing production of lactic acid by the brain and its progressive accumulation in the CSF to a high level as 45-50 mg%, and a sharp dissociation between the increasing lactate level in the CSF and its growing concentration in the venous blood flowing from the brain is a prognostic sign of an unfavourable course and outcome of the disease.     

A hydrodynamic model of a cochlea with a discrete basilar membrane]

The hydrodynamic model of a cochlea (dimensions 520 x 120 x 100 (mm)), with the basilar membrane (BM) consisting of 50 discrete resonance links in the frequency band from 1 Hz to 128 Hz was constructed. Two ways of giving harmonic and impulse's signals at the model were used; a) through the membrane of the vestibular window (directly through the filled model liquid along the BM) and b) through the thread fastened to the basal part of the BM (by the travelling wave on the BM). It was shown that in the first case the transmission's time to apical part of the BM equals 0.8 ms and in the second--several seconds. The conclusion is that the main hydrodynamic processes of sound's coding in a cochlea are the processes according to the Helmholtz's resonance theory, but not Békésy's travelling wave theory.