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961.
Intensive fertilizer use has led to nitrate contamination of groundwater in many areas. This article examines the possibility of removing nitrates through the construction of artificial wetlands. A pilot study conducted in Denmark has found that the method is effective and economical, at least for small waterworks, though further treatment is necessary before an acceptable microbiological water quality is attained. 相似文献
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966.
A narrow linewidth has been obtained in a new 1.5 ?m distributed feedback laser integrated monolithically with a tunable external cavity. The linewidth of 18 MHz has been achieved by tuning the current in the external cavity, and the FM response was flat from 100 kHz to 500 MHz. 相似文献
967.
Nagpal R. Zambonelli F. Sirer E.G. Chaouchi H. Smirnov M. 《Intelligent Systems, IEEE》2006,21(2):50-58
No generally accepted principles and guidelines currently exist to help engineers design local interaction mechanisms that result in a desired global behavior. However, several communities have developed ways of approaching this problem in the context of niched application areas. Because the ideas underlying these approaches are often obscured or underemphasized in technical papers, the authors review the role of self-organization in their work. They provide a better picture of the status of the emerging field of self-organizing systems or autonomic computing. 相似文献
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969.
Incorporation of silicon species from an alloy substrate into anodic titania is shown to stabilise the structure of the film, facilitating investigation of the ionic transport processes in amorphous titania grown at high efficiency. Thus, an amorphous anodic film developed on a sputtering-deposited Ti-6 at.%Si alloy formed to 100 V in phosphoric acid electrolyte in contrast to a partially crystalline film developed on relatively pure titanium at <20 V. Silicon species, which are immobile and act as marker species in the growing film, are present in the inner 58% of the film thickness. Evidently, the film material forms simultaneously at the film/electrolyte and alloy/film interfaces by co-operative transport of cations and anions, as is usual in amorphous anodic oxides. The phosphate anions incorporated from the electrolyte migrate inward at 0.34 times the rate of O2− ions and hence are present in the outer 62% of the film thickness. 相似文献
970.
By using mathematical formulae developed in previous studies, certain pollution parameters of dye effluent obtained from reactive dyeing with a single dye can be predicted with good accuracy. In this study, the degree of pollution of reactive dyeing effluent using dye mixtures was also predicted by other approaches, such as linear and non-linear regression. The prediction accuracy was found to be satisfactory. 相似文献