RN Picken  Y Cheng  F Strle  J Cimperman  V Maraspin  S Lotric-Furlan  E Ruzic-Sabljic  D Han  JA Nelson  MM Picken  GM Trenholme 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,15(4):313-323

The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological and functional status of the liver in acute, oral cholinesterase inhibitors poisoning using static scintigraphy, hepatography and measurements of chosen enzymes activity. Considering the different clinical picture of cholinesterase inhibitors poisonings in people, it was necessary to estimate the poisoning severity and its dependence on the frequency and intensification of the liver lesion. Under examination there were 37 cholinesterase inhibitors orally poisoned patients, treated at the Department of Toxicology in the years 1992-1995. The examined group comprised 7 women (19%) and 30 men (81%). Organophosphate compounds poisoning was noted in 14 patients, and carbamates poisonings in 23 patients. The reference group comprised 30 healthy men aged 24 to 59 years not exposed to hepatotoxic agents. More than 90% of patients were classified as severe poisoned. Any fatal case was not noted. A differently intensified pathological changes of the liver dependent on age and poisoning severity were found in 97.2% of patients and their frequency was significantly higher than in the control group. Hepatographic picture revealed in 96.6% of cases the liver lesion. Hepatographic picture of the liver was also dependent on poisoning severity. The higher activity of AST, ALT, AP and higher bilirubin concentration in blood were noted in poisoned men compared to the control group. Control scintigraphic examination revealed a considerable improvement in the intensification of the liver scintigraphic picture in 40% of the patients and a higher intensification in 13% of the subjects. In 46.6% of the patients the intensification of scintigraphic changes remained at the same level. Considering arbitrary criteria for the degree of the liver lesion, the improvement in the intensification of hepatographic changes was noted in 42.8% of the patients; the intensification of the liver lesion was not noted even in one case. Analyzing the percentage of the liver lesion for each individual patient, improvement was noted in 92.8% of the examined patients, and the changes with the same level of intensification in 7.2%. Deterioration was not noted at all. Conclusion: The liver scintigraphy and hepatography combined with biochemical analysis allows to assess the liver condition in acute cholinesterase inhibitors poisoning.  相似文献   

    

GL Doll  JA Sell  CA Taylor  R Clarke 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1991,43(8):6816-6819

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BK Rao  P Jena  JA Darsey 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1990,42(5):3052-3056

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JA Collier  ES Kinion  CA Brodbeck 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,10(3):131-6, 143

Emerging emphases on systems of care, cost containment, and preventive interventions require the CNS to recognize risk factors and change health behaviors before complications develop. To lower substantially the rate of nontraumatic lower extremity amputation, high-risk populations must be screened and must receive appropriate management, including education and self-care interventions. In this article, two studies that examined foot risk factors in ambulatory elderly with intact feet are compared. American Diabetes Association and Gillis W. Long Hansen's Disease Center risk criteria were applied to both datasets. Recommendations for education, management, and referrals based on the calculated level of risk are presented.  相似文献   

    

JA Auer  JP Watkins 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,12(2):283-302

In recent years fracture fixation in the horse has changed significantly. New devices, mainly adapted from the human field, have been successfully introduced into large animal surgery. Examples of such implants include the DCS/DHS implant system, the self-tapping screw, the cannulated screw, and the pinless external fixator. However, new devices have also been developed exclusively for equine fracture management, including the interlocking intramedullary nail and the external skeletal fixation device. With these devices the surgeon has more options for repairing fractures in horses. Nevertheless, many problems are still unsolved. Indications exist that during the next few years new, exciting fracture fixation systems will be developed, providing further advancements in the quest for the ideal implant for horses. However, the development stages of these devices are such that mentioning the possibilities here is premature.  相似文献   

    

C Paillart  JL Boudier  JA Boudier  H Rochat  F Couraud  B Dargent 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,134(2):499-509

A regulatory mechanism for neuronal excitability consists in controlling sodium channel density at the plasma membrane. In cultured fetal neurons, activation of sodium channels by neurotoxins, e.g., veratridine and alpha-scorpion toxin (alpha-ScTx) that enhance the channel open state probability induced a rapid down-regulation of surface channels. Evidence that the initial step of activity-induced sodium channel down-regulation is mediated by internalization was provided by using 125I-alpha-ScTx as both a channel probe and activator. After its binding to surface channels, the distribution of 125I-alpha-ScTx into five subcellular compartments was quantitatively analyzed by EM autoradiography. 125I-alpha-ScTx was found to accumulate in tubulovesicular endosomes and disappear from the cell surface in a time-dependent manner. This specific distribution was prevented by addition of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a channel blocker. By using a photoreactive derivative to covalently label sodium channels at the surface of cultured neurons, we further demonstrated that they are degraded after veratridine-induced internalization. A time-dependent decrease in the amount of labeled sodium channel alpha subunit was observed after veratridine treatment. After 120 min of incubation, half of the alpha subunits were cleaved. This degradation was prevented totally by TTX addition and was accompanied by the appearance of an increasing amount of a 90-kD major proteolytic fragment that was already detected after 45-60 min of veratridine treatment. Exposure of the photoaffinity-labeled cells to amphotericin B, a sodium ionophore, gave similar results. In this case, degradation was prevented when Na+ ions were substituted by choline ions and not blocked by TTX. After veratridine- or amphotericin B-induced internalization of sodium channels, breakdown of the labeled alpha subunit was inhibited by leupeptin, while internalization was almost unaffected. Thus, cultured fetal neurons are capable of adjusting sodium channel density by an activity-dependent endocytotic process that is triggered by Na+ influx.  相似文献   

    

JA Monn  MJ Valli  BG Johnson  CR Salhoff  RA Wright  T Howe  A Bond  D Lodge  LA Spangle  JW Paschal  JB Campbell  K Griffey  JP Tizzano  DD Schoepp 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,39(15):2990-3000

The four isomers of 4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate (APDC) were prepared and evaluated for their effects at glutamate receptors in vitro. (2R,4R)-APDC (2a), an aza analog of the nonselective mGluR agonist (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate (1S,3R)-ACPD, 1), was found to possess relatively high affinity for metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) (ACPD-sensitive [3H]glutamate binding IC50 = 6.49 +/- 1.21 microM) with no effects on radioligand binding to NMDA, AMPA, or kainate receptors up to 100 microM. None of the other APDC isomers showed significant mGluR binding affinity, indicating that this interaction is highly stereospecific. Both 1 and 2a were effective in decreasing forskolin-stimulated cAMP formation in the adult rat cerebral cortex (EC50 = 8.17 +/- 2.21 microM for 1; EC50 = 14.51 +/- 5.54 microM for 2a); however, while 1 was also effective in stimulating basal tritiated inositol monophosphate production in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex (EC50 = 27.7 +/- 5.2 microM), 2a (up to 100 microM) was ineffective in stimulating phosphoinositide hydrolysis in this tissue preparation, further supporting our previous observations that 2a is a highly selective agonist for mGluRs negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase. Microelectrophoretic application of either 1 or 2a to intact rat spinal neurons produced an augmentation of AMPA-induced excitation (95 +/- 10% increase for 1, 52 +/- 6% increase for 2a). Intracerebral injection of 1 (400 nmol) produced characteristic limbic seizures in mice which are not mimicked by 2a (200-1600 nmol, ic). However, the limbic seizures induced by 1 were blocked by systemically administered 2a in a dose-dependent manner (EC50 = 271 mg/kg, ip). It is concluded that (2R,4R)-APDC (2a) is a highly selective, systemically-active agonist of mGluRs negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase and that selective activation of these receptors in vivo can result in anticonvulsant effects.  相似文献   

  总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

JH Cate  AR Gooding  E Podell  K Zhou  BL Golden  AA Szewczak  CE Kundrot  TR Cech  JA Doudna 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,273(5282):1696-1699

The crystal structure of a group I intron domain reveals an unexpected motif that mediates both intra- and intermolecular interactions. At three separate locations in the 160-nucleotide domain, adjacent adenosines in the sequence lie side-by-side and form a pseudo-base pair within a helix. This adenosine platform opens the minor groove for base stacking or base pairing with nucleotides from a noncontiguous RNA strand. The platform motif has a distinctive chemical modification signature that may enable its detection in other structured RNAs. The ability of this motif to facilitate higher order folding provides one explanation for the abundance of adenosine residues in internal loops of many RNAs.  相似文献   

    

S Bouarab  A Vega  JA Alonso  MP I?iguez 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,54(5):3003-3006

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Jesús Muñoz  Gonzalo Páez  Marija Strojnik 《Journal of Modern Optics》2013,60(1):49-63

Abstract

A novel procedure for phase recovery from undersampled phaseshifted interferograms is described. First, synthetic interferograms are used to calculate the wrapped phase differences along two orthogonal directions. Second, they are unwrapped to recover the true Laplacian of the phase. The final step is to integrate the unwrapped phase differences to obtain the required phase. This method may be used with either path-independent or path-dependent phase unwrapping algorithms. The technique overcomes the sensitivity to noise of previous algorithms when low pass filtering techniques are applied during the calculation of the phase differences and least square methods are employed in the final step of phase integration.  相似文献