全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27359篇 |
免费 | 584篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 274篇 |
综合类 | 25篇 |
化学工业 | 3023篇 |
金属工艺 | 279篇 |
机械仪表 | 385篇 |
建筑科学 | 992篇 |
矿业工程 | 47篇 |
能源动力 | 505篇 |
轻工业 | 2249篇 |
水利工程 | 286篇 |
石油天然气 | 32篇 |
无线电 | 1870篇 |
一般工业技术 | 2763篇 |
冶金工业 | 12198篇 |
原子能技术 | 160篇 |
自动化技术 | 2876篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 73篇 |
2022年 | 136篇 |
2021年 | 301篇 |
2020年 | 158篇 |
2019年 | 233篇 |
2018年 | 300篇 |
2017年 | 282篇 |
2016年 | 322篇 |
2015年 | 289篇 |
2014年 | 454篇 |
2013年 | 739篇 |
2012年 | 763篇 |
2011年 | 1035篇 |
2010年 | 726篇 |
2009年 | 760篇 |
2008年 | 787篇 |
2007年 | 785篇 |
2006年 | 632篇 |
2005年 | 621篇 |
2004年 | 571篇 |
2003年 | 534篇 |
2002年 | 479篇 |
2001年 | 384篇 |
2000年 | 351篇 |
1999年 | 661篇 |
1998年 | 4087篇 |
1997年 | 2398篇 |
1996年 | 1581篇 |
1995年 | 903篇 |
1994年 | 848篇 |
1993年 | 894篇 |
1992年 | 271篇 |
1991年 | 306篇 |
1990年 | 294篇 |
1989年 | 294篇 |
1988年 | 295篇 |
1987年 | 230篇 |
1986年 | 217篇 |
1985年 | 274篇 |
1984年 | 163篇 |
1983年 | 125篇 |
1982年 | 152篇 |
1981年 | 175篇 |
1980年 | 139篇 |
1979年 | 113篇 |
1978年 | 110篇 |
1977年 | 314篇 |
1976年 | 493篇 |
1975年 | 101篇 |
1974年 | 79篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Melatonin deacetylase, an enzyme activity recently discovered in the Xenopus laevis retina, regulates local melatonin levels. The deacetylase occurs in retina, retinal pigment epithelium, and skin, all sites of melatonin action, and is widely distributed among vertebrates. We have solubilized the enzyme from Xenopus retina and pigment epithelium using nonionic detergents, and have developed a specific enzyme assay. We have characterized the enzyme and now report that the deacetylase is relatively specific for melatonin and is inhibited by the melatonin precursor N-acetylserotonin and the product of the deacetylase, 5-methoxytryptamine. Inhibition of deacetylase activity by eserine (physostigmine) suggests a relationship between deacetylase and cholinesterase activities. However, among a variety of cholinesterase inhibitors tested, only eserine inhibits the deacetylase. Furthermore, eserine is much less potent as an inhibitor of the deacetylase than the cholinesterases, and purified cholinesterases failed to deacetylate melatonin. We also show that melatonin deacetylase and aryl acylamidase (an enzyme related to cholinesterases) activities are differentially extractable from Xenopus ocular tissues, and that they exhibit different pH optima and inhibition profiles. Our results provide an initial characterization of the Xenopus retinal melatonin deacetylase, and indicate that deacetylase activity is distinct from cholinesterase and aryl acylamidase activities. 相似文献
82.
J Lamoril C Andant C Bogard H Puy L Gouya JM Pawlotsky V Da Silva JC Soulé JC Deybach Y Nordmann 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,27(3):848-852
From 1995 to 1997, we prospectively evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in 124 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) from Northern France (83 sporadic and 41 familial PCT). Serum samples were analyzed for ferritin, transaminases, HCV antibodies, and HCV RNA. In addition, genotyping of HCV and searches for HCV infection risk factors (blood transfusion, iv drug abuse, and surgical intervention) were performed. Twenty-six of 124 patients (21%; 95% CI: 13.9-28) were positive for serum HCV antibodies. All of them were also positive for HCV RNA. The prevalence of HCV infection was higher in the sporadic PCT group (26.5%, 22 out of 83) than in the familial PCT group (9.7%, 4 out of 41). Risk factors for hepatitis C infection were found to be significantly increased in the HCV-positive group when compared with the HCV-negative PCT group. In all HCV-positive patients with a risk factor, the suspected date of exposure to the virus always preceded the clinical onset of PCT. The HCV genotype pattern in PCT patients was similar to that observed in nonporphyric HCV patients in western European countries. Serum ferritin level was increased in both HCV-positive and HCV-negative porphyric patients. Transaminase levels were significantly higher in HCV-infected PCT patients. Sixty-seven out of 124 patients were retrospectively studied for hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection. Six of these 67 patients (8.9%; 95% CI: 2.1-15.8) were positive for HGV RNA. None of the six HGV-infected patients were positive for HCV RNA. The HGV-infected patients did not differ statistically from those without HGV infection with regard to age, ferritin, transaminase levels, and PCT treatment. These results support the view that sporadic cases of HGV infection may occur frequently. This study of a large cohort of HCV and PCT patients further documents an increasing gradient in HCV prevalence from northern to southern Europe, and shows that HCV infection acts as a triggering factor of PCT. Finally, the HGV prevalence found in the PCT patients was comparable with that found in French blood donors, suggesting that HGV is not a PCT triggering factor. 相似文献
83.
PW Hanlo RH Gooskens IJ Nijhuis JA Faber RJ Peters AC van Huffelen CA Tulleken J Willemse 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,11(10):595-603
Cerebral hemodynamic changes in infants with progressive hydrocephalus have been studied with the transcranial Doppler (TCD) technique. Several authors have referred to the correlation between the hemodynamic changes and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Despite conflicting conclusions on the value of pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) measurements for monitoring infantile hydrocephalus, these pulsatility indices are the most commonly used for this purpose. Although clinical signs of raised ICP are highly variable and unreliable in infants, assumptions have been made in most of the studies about the presence of elevated ICP on the basis of the patient's clinical state. Few studies have reported on actual ICP values, however, and a direct relationship between ICP and TCD changes has never been adequately demonstrated. In the present study, this relationship was investigated in long-term simultaneous TCD/ICP measurements, in an attempt to develop a noninvasive method of monitoring the effect of ICP on intracranial hemodynamics. Two groups of data sets were established. Group I consisted of pre- and postoperative (shunt implantation) TCD/ICP measurements. Group II were long-term simultaneous TCD/ICP recordings showing significant ICP variations. In most of the postoperative measurements there was a decrease in the average PI and RI values. The correlation between PI or RI and ICP in the long-term simultaneous recordings, however, was generally poor. The risk of obtaining false positive or false negative PI or RI values in short-term measurements was also demonstrated. It can be concluded from our results, besides the wide range of reference values for the Doppler indices and extracranial influences upon them, that the present Doppler indices are inadequate for monitoring the complex intracranial dynamic responses in patients with raised ICP. 相似文献
84.
Surgical thrombectomy is not a rational approach to neonatal renal vein thrombosis since the occlusion mainly involves intrarenal branches rather than the main renal vein, which is even patent in some instances. Conservative management combines supportive therapy for renal failure and systemic hypertension, if needed, and either heparin or thrombolytic agents. Streptokinase has proven difficult to handle in neonates and should not be used. Urokinase has been used in 18 patients but results are difficult to interpret because these cases occurred over an 18-year period. Plasminogen tissue activator, the latest thrombolytic agent developed, has been used in few pediatric patients. An international task force is currently studying whether or not a randomized study is warranted to provide data for standardizing thrombolytic therapy in pediatric renal vein thrombosis. 相似文献
85.
JF DeFrance S Sands FC Schweitzer L Ginsberg JC Sharma 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,9(4):283-293
The purpose of this article is to deliberate the moral and legal dilemma entailed in the weapon of the labour strike as a pressure tactic on the Israeli Finance Ministry regarding job slots, budgets and, in effect, violating the collective agreement signed by the nurses and impairing patients' treatment, as opposed to refraining from striking and suffering the heavy burden of work, the lack of trained personnel, low wages, and the inability to give patients proper, high quality treatment. 相似文献
86.
Exhaled air condensate provides a noninvasive means of obtaining samples from the lower respiratory tract. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in exhaled air has been proposed as a marker of airway inflammation. We hypothesized that in stable asthmatic children the H2O2 concentration in exhaled air condensate may be elevated as a result of airway inflammation. In a cross-sectional study, 66 allergic asthmatic children (of whom, 41 were treated with inhaled steroids) and 21 healthy controls exhaled through a cold trap. The resulting condensate was examined fluorimetrically for the presence of H2O2. All subjects were clinically stable, nonsmokers, without infection. The median H2O2 level in the exhaled air condensate of the asthmatic patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls (0.60 and 0.15 micromol, respectively; p<0.05), largely because of high values in the stable asthmatic children who did not use anti-inflammatory treatment (0.8 micromol; p<0.01 compared to controls). We conclude that hydrogen peroxide is elevated in exhaled air condensate of children with stable asthma, and may reflect airway inflammation. 相似文献
87.
E Kievit FB van Gog HM Schlüper GA van Dongen HM Pinedo E Boven 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,38(4):813-823
The effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) upon thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) release were studied in euthyroid rats. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of AVP in doses of 0.5 ng or 5 ng led to significant increases in plasma levels of TSH as well as FT4 and FT3. The effects of OT injected i.c.v. in similar doses were not consistent (there was no parallel between the changes of respective hormones plasma levels). It may be concluded that vasopressin modulate the pituitary-thyroid system function; AVP is probably a physiological stimulator of TSH and thyroid hormones secretion. 相似文献
88.
89.
A short-pulse 1.444-μm laser based on Nd:YAG technology has been demonstrated. The 1.444-μm is eye-safe. With the cavity-dump technique, a pulse of 50 m× and 14 ns was obtained. The beam quality was excellent with an M2 of 1.6 by the use of a telescopic resonator. Silicon-window polarizers were used to suppress the 1.06-μm radiation but showed 1.444-μm absorption as well 相似文献
90.
M Zanze JC Souberbielle C Kindermans C Rossignol M Garabedian 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,82(9):2971-2977
The correlations among age, gender, body size parameters, and type I collagen metabolism were evaluated in 183 healthy infants, aged 8.5-27.5 months. Collagen formation was assessed by measuring serum type I collagen carboxy-terminal propeptide, and degradation was determined by urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline (measured by high performance liquid chromatography) and cross-linked N- and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (measured by NTx and CrossLaps assays). A new RIA specific for deoxypyridinoline was also evaluated. The results provide reference values at 10 months and 2 yr of age, including cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides (1492 +/- 685 and 1510 +/- 446 in boys; 1705 +/- 612 and 1849 +/- 611 micrograms/mmol creatinine in girls; mean +/- 1 SD). There was a good correlation between the high performance liquid chromatography and RIA data for deoxypyridinoline, showing that the RIA method is suitable for use in healthy children. Some correlations were found among peptide-bound cross-links, serum type I collagen carboxy-terminal propeptide, and the anthropometric parameters, suggesting that these peptides reflect bone resorption and also overall body type I collagen. Finally, there were age- and sex-related differences in the urinary excretion of the collagen degradation markers, suggesting that, unlike boys, girls maintain a high degree of collagen degradation up to the age of 24 months despite a decrease in their rate of collagen formation. 相似文献