Abdominal wall hematoma]

We describe three case reports of hematomas in the abdominal wall muscles and discuss etiology, diagnostic findings and treatment. Abdominal wall hematomas are uncommon, and the condition is often misdiagnosed. One of our patients was laparotomised owing to suspected appendicitis, and one patient presented a tuberculous abscess that may have been an infected hematoma. Ultrasonographic examination or CT gives the correct diagnose. Conservative management is the treatment of choice unless bleeding is severe or the course is complicated by infection.     

Unsteady free surface flow induced by a line sink in a fluid of finite depth

The unsteady withdrawal of fluid from a reservoir of finite depth with a free surface through a line sink is considered. A numerical method is used to investigate the evolution of a free surface in several different geometric and initial configurations, and it is shown that there are some critical flow parameters at which the flow changes its nature. The existence of steady states is also considered. Results both with and without surface tension are included and placed in context with previous work. Inclusion of surface tension reveals that solutions either evolve to a steady state or drawdown. As the sink is moved off the base, the behaviour becomes consistent with flows in a fluid of infinite depth, and consequently flows can be classified as either “shallow” or “deep” depending on their drawdown behaviour.