A Mellemgaard  JK McLaughlin  OK Overvad  JH Olsen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,160(18):2689-2693

Dietary risk factors for renal cell cancer were investigated in a population based case-control study of incident cases. A total of 351 cases and 340 controls matched for age and sex were interviewed about dietary habits as well as exposure to other known or suspected risk factors. An association was found between risk of renal cell cancer and energy intake, especially fats. There was no protective effect of fruits but a weak protective effect of cruceferous vegetables. The association with diet was present after adjusting for the effect of cigarette smoking, socioeconomic status and body mass index, all of which have been identified as risk factors for renal cell cancer.  相似文献   

    

RC Ferreira  JR Heckenlively  JH Menkes  JB Bateman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,105(6):1076-1078

OBJECTIVE: The authors describe new ocular and electroretinographic (ERG) features in Menkes disease. DESIGN: The study design is a case report. PARTICIPANTS: The authors studied two patients with Menkes disease. INTERVENTION: The authors performed complete ophthalmologic and ERG evaluations in both patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The parameters used were slit-lamp biomicroscopy and ERG recordings. RESULTS: Aberrant lashes and anterior stromal hypoplasia of the iris are new findings, and profound delays in b-wave implicit time in well-developed photopic responses may be added as new ERG features. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with Menkes disease may have aberrant lashes, anterior stromal hypoplasia, and retinal degeneration.  相似文献   

    

K Aabo  M Adams  P Adnitt  DS Alberts  A Athanazziou  V Barley  DR Bell  U Bianchi  G Bolis  MF Brady  HS Brodovsky  H Bruckner  M Buyse  R Canetta  V Chylak  CJ Cohen  N Colombo  PF Conte  D Crowther  JH Edmonson  C Gennatas  E Gilbey  M Gore  D Guthrie  BY Yeap 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,78(11):1479-1487

The purpose of this systematic study was to provide an up to date and reliable quantitative summary of the relative benefits of various types of chemotherapy (non-platinum vs platinum, single-agent vs combination and carboplatin vs cisplatin) in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Also, to investigate whether well-defined patient subgroups benefit more or less from cisplatin- or carboplatin-based therapy. Meta-analyses were based on updated individual patient data from all available randomized controlled trials (published and unpublished), including 37 trials, 5667 patients and 4664 deaths. The results suggest that platinum-based chemotherapy is better than non-platinum therapy, show a trend in favour of platinum combinations over single-agent platinum, and suggest that cisplatin and carboplatin are equally effective. There is no good evidence that cisplatin is more or less effective than carboplatin in any particular subgroup of patients.  相似文献   

    

MC Pirrung  JH Chau  J Chen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,2(9):621-626

BACKGROUND: Methods for the rapid and efficient preparation of drug candidates through combinatorial chemistry are of increasing interest. We have previously reported an indexed combinatorial library method that allows both the preparation and testing of compounds in solution. We set out to apply this method to develop more effective analogs of the known, marketed drug tacrine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. RESULTS: A one-step condensation of cyclohexanones with cyanoanilines to generate tetrahydroacridine pools was developed. The resulting library of (formally) 72 tetrahydroacridines was screened against acetylcholinesterase, and a compound 10-fold more potent than tacrine, 7-nitrotacrine, was discovered. Its increased potency could be readily explained by examining the known structure of the complex of acetylcholinesterase with tetrahydroacridine. CONCLUSIONS: In this work, we have provided a relatively rare example of carbon-carbon bond formation in a pool synthesis and have discovered a potentially useful acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.  相似文献   

    

MF Vineyard  SE Atencio  JF Crum  GP Gilfoyle  BG Glagola  DJ Henderson  DG Kovar  CF Maguire  JF Mateja  RG Ohl  FW Prosser  JH Rollinson  RS Trotter 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,49(2):948-954

  相似文献   

    

JR Beach  JH Dennis  AJ Avery  CL Bromly  RJ Ward  EH Walters  SC Stenton  DJ Hendrick 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,154(5):1394-1400

To clarify whether asthma may be caused by fume from welding mild steel and to evaluate the possible strength of such an effect, we quantified airway responsiveness among young shipyard workers with different levels of fume exposure. Clinical investigation comprised a cross-sectional survey of 19- to 27-yr-old workers who were completing 3 to 9 yr of employment in various trades, and a control group of 15- to 17-yr-old school leavers who were applying for apprenticeships within the same trades. Both groups were subdivided into negligible-, ambient-, or high-exposure subgroups according to expected levels of fume exposure. Actual exposures were assessed in a parallel environmental survey. Participants were investigated by questionnaire, skin prick tests, spirometry, and methacholine tests. Complete data sets were obtained from 1,024 of the 1,070 eligible subjects (96%). Among the workers but not the school leaver controls, there was an increasing prevalence of positive methacholine tests across the exposure subgroups-negligible 37%, ambient 44%, high 49% (p < 0.05). Regression analyses showed that in males after allowing for the effects of atopy, current smoking, and age, the estimated geometric mean level of airway responsiveness of regular welders was twice that of workers with negligible exposure after 5 yr of work. This implies that fume exposure may have been critical in causing asthma in about 1% of the welders. A lesser effect (though not significantly so) was noted among the workers with ambient exposure.  相似文献   

    

HN Englyst  SM Kingman  GJ Hudson  JH Cummings 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,75(5):749-755

  相似文献   

    

TR Nichols  JH Lawrence  SJ Bonasera 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,97(2):366-371

To study the biomechanics of the calcaneal tendon's complex insertion onto the calcaneus, we measured torque-time trajectories exerted by the triceps surae and tibialis anterior muscles in eight unanesthetized decerebrate cats using a multi-axis force-moment sensor placed at the ankle joint. The ankle was constrained to an angle of 110 degrees plantarflexion. Muscles were activated using crossed-extension (XER), flexion (FWR), and caudal cutaneous sural nerve (SNR) reflexes. Torque contributions of other muscles activated by these reflexes were eliminated by denervation or tenotomy. In two animals, miniature pressure transducers were implanted among tendon fibers from the lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscle that insert straight into the calcaneus or among tendon fibers from the medial gastrocnemius (MG) that cross over and insert on the lateral aspect of calcaneus. Reflexively evoked torques had the following directions: FWR, dorsiflexion and adduction; SNR, plantarflexion and abduction; and XER, plantarflexion and modest abduction or adduction. The proportion of abduction torque to plantarflexion torque was always greater for SNR than XER; this difference was about 50% of the magnitude of abduction torque generated by tetanic stimulation of the peronei. During SNR, pressures were higher in regions of the calcaneal tendon originating from MG than regions originating from LG. Similarly, pressures within the MG portion of the calcaneal tendon were higher during SNR than during XER, although these two reflexes produced matched ankle plantarflexion forces. Selective tenotomies and electromyographic recordings further demonstrated that MG generated most of the torque in response to SNR, while soleus, LG, and MG all generated torques in response to XER.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

    

AM Takkal  G Ionescu  JH Becker 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,96(4):179-181

Noma (Cancrum Oris/Ulcerogingivostomstitis) is a rare devastating grangrenous orofacial disease. It may lead to severe facial mutilation and deformities with dysfunctional effects. This disease primarily affects malnourished children from underdeveloped countries. It has recently been associated with AIDS in North America and Western Europe. We will be reporting and discussing the pathogenesis, bacteriological complications and treatments according to the literature.  相似文献   

    

DC Suh  SJ Kim  SM Jung  MS Park  JH Lee  SC Rhim 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,38(1):56-58

20 pairs of sera from the National System of Seroepidemiological Surveillance of the triple viral vaccine received in the laboratory with febrile rash diagnosis were studied. By using the hemagglutination inhibition test, it was observed an abnormal answer of antibodies to both rubella and measles through a falling of the antibody titre in one or both diseases, or in one of them with seroconversion to the other one. With the aim of defining the existence of a possible polyclonal activation already described in literature, it was decided to study the antibody response to family Herpesviridae (HSV, EBV, CMV, VZV). 80% of answer to these viruses were found. The results are submitted and discussed.  相似文献