应用DSA诊断脑动脉成窗变异

【摘要】 目的 探讨脑动脉成窗的发生率及DSA影像学特征，提高对脑动脉成窗临床意义的认识。方法 对6 432例患者进行全脑血管造影，回顾性分析DSA图像资料，得出脑动脉成窗的发生率及成窗血管合并其他血管病变的情况。结果 脑动脉开窗283例，296个成窗，发生率为4.60%（296/6 432）。其中颈内动脉19例（21个成窗，，检出率为0.33%，左侧9个，右侧12个）；大脑前动脉46例（51个成窗，检出率为0.79%，左侧25个，右侧26个）；大脑中动脉54例（57个成窗，检出率为0.89%，左侧29个，右侧28个）；椎动脉68例（71个成窗，检出率为1.10%，左侧37个，右侧34个）；基底动脉95例（95个成窗，检出率为1.37%）。另外，有17个成窗结构的远端或近端伴发动脉瘤、5个成窗伴发动静脉畸形，37个成窗出现与成窗结构供血区相一致的一过性脑缺血症状，其中6个出现经成窗结构远端供血部位的脑梗死。结论 脑血管DSA可以清晰显示脑动脉成窗的位置、形态、毗邻关系及有无伴发其他血管性病变；掌握脑动脉成窗的DSA影像学表现，对脑血管病的明确诊断及手术和介入治疗方案的制订具有重要临床意义。


     

某现浇混凝土梁板结构性能检验分析

结合典型案例,对某一已经出现裂缝的楼面梁板进行了短期静力原位加载试验,通过观察裂缝的发展情况,判断了裂缝成因并采取了相应的处理措施,以确保梁板的安全性能。     

Analysis of Grain Boundary Character in a Fine-Grained Nickel-Based Superalloy 718

In the current work, sheets of superalloy 718 were processed via thermomechanical route by hot and cold rolling, followed by annealing below the δ phase solvus temperature and precipitation hardening to optimum strength. Grain boundary character distribution throughout the processing was mapped via EBSD and its evolution discussed. The results show that it is possible to process the alloy to a fine grain size obtaining concomitantly a considerably high proportion of special boundaries Σ3, Σ9, and Σ27. The precipitation of δ phase presented a strong grain refining role, without significantly impairing the twinning mechanism and, consequently, the Σ3, Σ9, and Σ27 boundary formations.     

Analysis of the indoor GPS system as feedback for the robotic alignment of fuselages using laser radar measurements as comparison

The alignment of aircraft fuselages in the aerospace sector is currently done either manually or by complex, expensive automated systems. The manual process introduces a significant production delay and the automated systems are purpose-built and have limited flexibility, apart from its financial drawback. This work proposes a low-cost, high-flexibility system and, as part of it, evaluates the performance of a Rotary-Laser Automatic Theodolite (R-LAT) as a feedback source for the adaptive robot control of an anthropomorphic manipulator. In the proposed solution the robot carries a fuselage barrel and aligns it with respect to a second barrel. A high accuracy, frequency-modulated laser equipment is used to generate the reference system for the procedure. The measurements of the R-LAT are then verified with the frequency-modulated laser equipment in order to determine the linear and angular alignment tolerances achieved by the robot/R-LAT closed loop in a predefined work envelope. A throughout, step-by-step analysis of the measuring procedure is carried out to allow the recognition of error sources and thus the determination of an optimized method. These results identify the operation boundaries of the R-LAT within the process and yield its best configuration for the intended purpose. Using the EN ISO 9283 robot evaluation standard, the closed loop system was found to attain the nominal position with an average accuracy of 0.38 mm and 0.01°, contrasting with an average accuracy of 4.53 mm and 0.21° when the robot was operating in an open loop configuration.     

Real time algorithms for digital pulse processing applied to gamma-ray and hard X-ray spectroscopy

The duration of a single plasma discharge in the next generation of fusion experiments will be much longer than in the present devices. Storing all raw data acquired in each discharge will be more difficult and the high rates achieved by the new digitizers are already contributing to storage overload. This gap can be mitigated by real time (RT) analysis and compression, using devices such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) capable to transfer and process data on the fly. However, to ensure a correct RT analysis, the FPGA algorithm must be adapted to the signal to be acquired. Since minor changes in signal shape may require significant algorithm modifications, it is important to know in advance the signal attributes. For that reason, the availability of more than one RT algorithm, especially during commissioning of new sub-systems and during campaigns with relevant changes in diagnostic conditions, is advantageous. This paper presents an implementation using two RT algorithms processing simultaneously, developed for the gamma-ray and hard X-ray diagnostics of the Joint European Torus (JET). Both algorithms perform pulse height analysis with pile-up rejection. While the first algorithm is suitable for Gaussian shaped pulses, the second is suitable for exponential signals. The algorithms are selectable by the user, during discharge configuration. Tests with radioactive sources made in JET are presented.     

地面火炬系统隐患治理的研究

某石化公司线性低密度聚乙烯装置的低压废气焚烧系统和聚丙烯装置共用。自2012年投用以来,在聚丙烯装置排放时该系统会间歇性的出现冒黑烟并伴随强烈的共振和轰鸣声的问题,同时火炬内的火炬头及管道有较大损坏。主要分析了产生黑烟、共振及附件损坏等这些问题的原因及解决办法。     

Energy storage and control optimization for an electric vehicle

Two big issues involving electric vehicles are energy supply and power management control. To deal with the energy supply problem, this paper proposes the application of a hybrid energy source system, composed of battery pack and ultracapacitor bank. The power management control between the energy supplies was defined by a fuzzy logic with inference rules optimized through genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm optimizes lower and upper limits of membership functions aiming to reduce the hybrid energy source system total mass while maximizing the electric vehicle drive range and performance. Through the Pareto frontier, we found the best trade‐off solution.     

基于RBF神经网络的FeO-MnO渣系ZGMn13堆焊焊条的设计

为设计一种ZGMn13堆焊焊条,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络的FeO-MnO渣系焊条配方优化设计方法.利用试验采集的数据对网络进行训练,以加工硬化后的硬度为优化目标,得到最优的焊条配方.试验结果表明:优化后熔敷金属的动载加工硬化性能和静载加工硬化性能良好.     

School attendance and daily respiratory symptoms in children: influence of moisture damage

We investigated the effect of weekends and school holidays on the daily frequency and severity of respiratory and other symptoms among children attending schools with (index) or without (reference) moisture damage in Spain, the Netherlands, and Finland. Throughout 1 year, parents of 419 children with a respiratory condition attending index (n=15) or reference (n=10) primary schools completed three symptom diaries. We assessed associations between lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract or allergy, and other symptom scores and school day, weekend, or summer holiday using mixed regression models stratified by country and moisture damage. We evaluated interactions between moisture damage and type of day. We combined country‐specific estimates (incidence rate ratios [IRRs] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) in meta‐analyses. Symptom scores were lower during weekends and holiday. Lower respiratory tract symptoms were statistically significantly less common during holiday with strongest effect in index schools (IRR=0.7; CI=0.6–0.8). Reporting of other symptoms was more reduced during holiday in index (IRR=0.6; CI=0.4–0.9) than in reference (IRR=0.95; CI=0.8–1.2) schools (interaction P<.01). In conclusion, symptoms were less frequent and/or severe during summer holiday and weekends. This pattern was stronger among children attending moisture‐damaged schools, suggesting potential improvement in moisture damage‐related symptoms during school breaks.     

Comparative Fingerprint Changes of Toxic Volatiles in Low PUFA Vegetable Oils Under Deep-Frying

The volatile fraction of three vegetable oils recommended for deep‐frying due to their high MUFA:PUFA ratios, namely extra‐virgin olive oil, peanut oil and canola oil, was compared before and after frying potatoes, with a particular focus on toxic volatiles. For the purpose, a headspace solid‐phase‐micro extraction technique coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was optimized, with semi‐quantification achieved using two internal standards. Significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed, both before and after frying. From a total of 51 compounds, aldehydes were the main group formed after deep‐frying, their nature and abundance being highly associated with the initial fatty acid composition, particularly linoleic acid (r² = ?0.999, p ≤ 0.001). Globally, extra‐virgin olive oil revealed fewer formations of unsaturated aldehydes, including toxic ones, and correlated with lower amounts of degradation indicators, as polar compounds (r² = 0.998, p ≤ 0.001) and p‐anisidine value (r² = 0.991, p ≤ 0.001). Despite the similarities in total unsaturation degree between canola and peanut oils, the former presented lower amount of volatiles, including E,E‐2,4‐decadienal and acrolein, the more toxic ones. These results highlight for the pertinence of volatile analyses to evaluate and compare oil degradation under thermal and oxidative stress, while complementing other degradation indicators. Additionally, the optimized methodology allows a direct comparison of different oil matrices, supporting further developments into more general methods for volatiles quantification, enabling more efficient comparison of results between research teams.