Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Material Flow and Thermal Cycles in Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Al/Mg Alloys

Comparative experiments are performed in friction stir welding (FSW) of dissimilar Al/Mg alloys with and without assistance of ultrasonic vibration. Metallographic characterization of the welds at transverse cross sections reveals that ultrasonic vibration induces differences in plastic material flow in two conditions. In FSW, the plastic material in the peripheral area of shoulder-affected zone (SAZ) tends to flow downward because of the weakening of the driving force of the shoulder, and a plastic material insulation layer is formed at the SAZ edge. When ultrasonic vibration is exerted, the stirred zone is divided into the inner and outer shear layers, the downward material flow trend of the inner shear layer disappears and tends to flow upward, and the onion-ring structure caused by the swirl motion is avoided in the pin-affected zone. By improving the flow behavior of plastic materials in the stirred zone, ultrasonic vibration reduces the heat generation, accelerates the heat dissipation in nugget zone and changes the thermal cycles, thus inhibiting the formation of intermetallic compound layers.

     

环己烷液相无催化剂的氧化动力学研究

采用搅拌釜反应器,在确认已排除传质因素对反应速率影响的情况下,研究了环己烷液相无催化剂的氧化反应动力学。应用自由基理论及最优化计算技术,从导出的8个候选动力学模型中,确定了最佳的动力学模型,它能满意地描述环已烷氧化过程。该动力学可为环己烷氧化工业生产操作条件的优化、反应器的选型及工业设计提供依据。     

Cu2O/Cu Cermet as a Candidate Inert Anode for Al Production

Cu₂O/ x Cu ( x =0–25 wt%) cermets were evaluated as a novel partially inert anode for aluminum (Al) production. The physical and mechanical properties, including the compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, and dc electrical conductivity were tested at room temperature and at temperatures up to 950°C. The coefficient of thermal expansion, compressive strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of Cu₂O/Cu cermets increased with increasing Cu content. High-temperature electrical conductivity measurements showed that with increasing temperature, the electrical conductivity increased when the Cu content was below the percolation threshold, while it decreased when the Cu content was above the percolation threshold. A relatively stable CuAlO₂ layer formed on the cermet surface during electrochemical testing, and the corrosion rate of this anode was estimated to be about 1.8–1.9 cm/year in Al production.     

碳酸钙填充塑料成本分析

碳酸钙粉体经过活化、造粒处理填充到聚乙烯薄膜,可使填充制品成本降低。随着填料的增加,其加工性能逐渐变差,单位质量塑料产品体积减小。经测算,使用填充剂后成本的降低足以弥补因体积减小产生的损失。对于薄膜制品而言,填充量小于10%效益增加不明显;超过30%,则不容易稳定成膜,影响成品质量。     

半刚性钢-混凝土组合节点受弯承载力的计算

在半刚性钢 -混凝土组合框架中 ,混凝土板中的纵向钢筋增加了节点的强度和刚度 ,但是 ,传统的设计方法往往忽略纵向钢筋的作用而采用简化的计算模型。因此 ,出于经济效益考虑 ,应该根据半刚性组合节点的实际受力性能建立更加准确的计算方法。这里详细介绍了考虑混凝土板纵向钢筋作用的半刚性组合节点受弯承载力的计算方法 ,计算结果表明 ,建议的公式与试验结果吻合良好 ,可供规范制定和工程应用参考。     

呼和浩特石化公司凝结水回收改造工程总结

本文主要对呼和浩特石化公司凝结水回收系统改造前的状况、采取的改造措施及改造后的效果进行了总结，并就今后可能的改造作了预测分析。     

Electrochemical performance of nanocrystalline Li3V2(PO4)3/carbon composite material synthesized by a novel sol–gel method

A novel sol–gel method based on V₂O₅·nH₂O hydro-gel was developed to synthesize nanocrystalline Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon composite material. In this route, V₂O₅·nH₂O hydro-gel, NH₄H₂PO₄, Li₂CO₃ and high-surface-area carbon were used as starting materials to prepare precursor, and the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon was obtained by sintering precursor at 750 °C for 4 h in flowing argon. The sol–gel synthesis ensures homogeneity of the precursors and improved reactivity. The sample was characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. X-ray diffraction results show Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ sample is monoclinic structure with the space group of P2₁/n. The TEM image indicates that the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ particles modified by conductive carbon are about 70 nm in diameter. The Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon system showed that the discharge capacities in the first and 50th cycle are about 155.3 and 143.6 mAh/g, respectively, in the range of 3.0–4.8 V. The sol–gel method is fit for the preparation of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/carbon composite material which may offer some favorable properties for commercial application.     

乙环唑的合成研究

介绍了以2,4-二氯苯乙酮为原料通过催化溴化、缩合反应、与三氮唑钠反应制得原药,原药含量达到92%以上.并对合成条件进行了研究,取得了较为满意的结果.     

药用中间体苯丙酮含量的气相色谱/质谱分析

苯丙酮是合成利胆药苯丙醇的重要中间体。本文建立了用气相色谱 /质谱法 (GC/MS)测定苯丙酮含量的方法。组分的定性依靠GC/MS联用技术和NIST谱库标准质谱图对照分析。以苯乙酮为内标 ,苯丙酮含量在 1.0× 10 -5～ 2 .0× 10 -4g/mL范围内呈线性 ,线性相关系数r =0 .994 9,苯丙酮最低检测浓度为 1.0× 10 -8g/mL。该法操作简便、快速 ,结果准确可靠 ,且具有很好的实用价值     

透明香皂的研制

介绍了生产透明香皂的新配方和新工艺 ,提出了透明香皂的企业标准。新工艺用丙二醇取代传统工艺所用的乙醇做溶剂 ,生产周期大为缩短。采用速冻隧道设备 ,可方便地实现不同品种的切换 ,操作方便 ,设备投资少 ,产品综合成本低 ,具有较大的工业应用价值