A primate model for enteral nutrition by tube

To establish an animal model for the controlled study of enteral nutrition by tube, five adult chair-adapted primates (Macaca fasicularis) had gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes placed for the delivery of a modified protein isolate diet. Following 7 days of postoperative depletion with a hypocaloric infusion of dextrose (20 kcal, 0 g N/kg/day), the animals were repleted for 10 days with tube feedings (124 kcal, 0.73 g N/kg/day). There was no operative mortality or morbidity and each animal demonstrated conversion to anabolism by significant weight gain, positive nitrogen balance, and net protein synthesis as determined by [15N]glycine protein turnover rates. Significant correlation was found between caloric intake and nitrogen balance at the level of nitrogen provided in this diet (r = 0.88, p less than 0.05). This model was found to be well suited for the surgical and nutritional techniques required for the long-term study of enteral nutrition by tube.     

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: a rational approach to treatment

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver in a 3 year old child has been successfully treated by ligation of the hepatic artery branches supplying the lesion. The prominence of the abnormal vasculature in the lesion and its possible aetiological involvement is stressed. Because of the risks of partial hepatectomy, hepatic artery ligation is suggested as the treatment of choice for focal nodular hyperplasia.     

Effects of albumin and/or furosemide therapy on pulmonary edema induced by hydrochloric acid aspiration in rabbits

Aspiration of hydrochloric acid in rabbits resulted in an increased P(A-a)O2 together with increases in both lung water volume and lung extravascular albumin. This finding suggests lung damage following acid aspiration is related to changes in capillary permeability, with pulmonary edema resulting from the movement of albumin and water into the interstitial space. Therapy with albumin and furosemide together reduced the lung water and albumin accumulation and decreased P(A-a)O2. Treatment with albumin or furosemide alone was ineffective. Caution should be exercised in administering albumin alone for therapy of pulmonary edema when plasma protein is not clearly decreased, or when increased pulmonary capillary permeability is suspected.     

Plaque-type blue nevus

Blue nevus may rarely appear in plaque form. It seems to be a benign and asymptomatic lesion, but because of its rarity, no definite prognosis can be given. Only through reporting of additional cases and their follow-up will the prognosis become clear.     

Etching methods for indium oxide/tin oxide films

Methods are described for etching patterns in conducting indium-tin oxide films on glass substrates. For patterns requiring maximum definition and resolution hydriodic acid is preferred, whereas hydrofluoric acid or zinc and hydrochloric acid are useful for other purposes.