Research in industrial and organizational psychology from 1963 to 2007: Changes, choices, and trends.

The authors conducted a content analysis of all articles published in the Journal of Applied Psychology and Personnel Psychology from January 1963 to May 2007 (N = 5,780) to identify the relative attention devoted to each of 15 broad topical areas and 50 more specific subareas in the field of industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. Results revealed that (a) some areas have become more (or less) popular over time, whereas others have not changed much, and (b) there are some lagged relationships between important societal issues that involve people and work settings (i.e., human-capital trends) and I-O psychology research that addresses them. Also, much I-O psychology research does not address human-capital trends. Extrapolating results from the past 45 years to the next decade suggests that the field of I-O psychology is not likely to become more visible or more relevant to society at large or to achieve the lofty goals it has set for itself unless researchers, practitioners, universities, and professional organizations implement significant changes. In the aggregate, the changes address the broad challenge of how to narrow the academic-practitioner divide. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Deduction Graphs with Universal Quantification

Deduction Graphs are meant to generalise both Gentzen-Prawitz style natural deductions and Fitch style flag deductions. They have the structure of acyclic directed graphs with boxes. In [Herman Geuvers and Iris Loeb. Natural Deduction via Graphs: Formal Definition and Computation Rules. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (Special Issue on Theory and Applications of Term Graph Rewriting), Volume 17(03):485–526, 2007.] we have investigated the deduction graphs for minimal proposition logic. This paper studies the extension with first-order universal quantification, showing the robustness of the concept of deduction graphs.     

Rapid devolatilization and hydrogasification of bituminous coal

Rapid devolatilization and hydrogasification of a Pittsburgh Seam bituminous coal were studied and an appropriate coal conversion (weight loss) model was developed that accounts for thermal decomposition of the coal, secondary char-forming reactions of volatiles, and homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions involving hydrogen. Approximately monolayer samples of coal particles supported on wire mesh heating elements were electrically heated in hydrogen, helium, and mixtures thereof. Coal weight loss (volatiles yield) was measured as a function of residence time (0–20 s), heating rate (65–10000 °C/s), final temperature (400–1100 °C), total pressure (0.0001–7 MPa), hydrogen partial pressure (0–7 MPa), and particle size (70–1000 μm). Volatiles yield under these conditions increases significantly with decreasing pressure, decreasing particle size, increasing hydrogen partial pressure and increasing final temperature, but only slightly with increasing heating rate. The data support the view that coal conversion under these conditions involves numerous parallel thermal decomposition reactions forming primary volatiles and initiating a sequence of secondary reactions leading to char. Intermediates in this char-forming sequence can escape as tar if residence time in the presence of hot coal surfaces is sufficiently short (e.g. low pressures and small particles well dispersed). Hydrogen at sufficiently high partial pressure can interrupt the char-forming sequence thereby increasing volatile yield. Rate of total product generation is largely controlled by coal pyrolysis while competition between mass transfer, secondary reactions, and rapid hydrogenation affects only the relative proportions of volatile and solid products formed.     

Removal of dimethyl sulfide in a thermophilic membrane bioreactor

BACKGROUND: Several sources such as the paper and pulp industry and waste treatment plants emit waste gases containing volatile organic sulfur compounds at elevated temperature. Since cooling the hot gases increases the operational cost of biological reactors, application of thermophilic microorganisms could be a cost‐effective solution. The objectives of this study were to investigate the possibility of removal of dimethyl sulfide from waste gases under thermophilic conditions (52 °C) in a membrane bioreactor and to examine the long‐term stability of the reactor at elevated temperature. The effects of operating conditions such as gas residence time, nutrient supply, temperature decrease and short‐term shutdown on elimination capacity were investigated. RESULTS: A maximum elimination capacity of 54 g m^?3 h^?1 (0.108 g m^?2 h^?1) was obtained at a mass loading rate of 64 g m^?3 h^?1 (0.128 g m^?2 h^?1) with a removal efficiency of 84% at a gas residence time of 24 s. The long‐term operation of the thermophilic membrane bioreactor was followed for 9 months. Although the removal efficiency decreased to 50% after 3 months of continuous operation, it recovered (>96%) after the excess biomass was removed by applying high‐velocity liquid recirculation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the dimethyl sulfide removal is possible in a thermophilic membrane bioreactor with an elimination capacity of 54 g m^?3 h^?1 (0.108 g m^?2 h^?1) at a gas residence time of 24 s. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

新一代NV SRAM技术

第一代NV SRAM模块问世近20年来,NVSRAM技术不断更新,以保持与各种应用同步发展,同时满足新的封装技术不断增长的需求。     

同时采样ADC

高速、１４位同时采样Ａ／Ｄ转换器的推出拓展了两个或多个波形之间精确相位测量的应用,而使其经济可行。本文讨论了适用于此种应用的两个Ａ／Ｄ转换器。