问与答Wyld Stallyons

本期，我们邀请了新成立的移动成像公司Wyld Stallyons的Richard May坐客访谈栏目，进一步了解他们为内衣品牌Lascivious制作的颇受好评的病毒式短片The Doll以及他们为MTV、VH1和BMW等客户创作的作品。     

Privileging the “Objective”: Understanding the State’s Role in Shaping Housing Aspirations

This paper is to be read as one half of a twofold analysis of recent qualitative research on the housing aspirations of the people of Scotland, focusing specifically on the dimension of housing tenure. Moving beyond individual subjective preferences (i.e. what people “consciously” want or desire in relation to housing), this paper draws influence from David Harvey’s historical materialist approach to illustrate the importance of understanding the dialectical relation between objective reality and subjective preferences. We argue that it is by examining the broad homologies between the qualitative data on one hand, and the corresponding epochs of capital accumulation on the other, that important power structures can be made visible, and changes in housing aspirations over time better understood.     

Sensitiveness of Porous Silicon‐Based Nano‐Energetic Films

Nanoporous silicon (pSi) films on a silicon wafer were loaded with sodium perchlorate and perfluoropolyether (PFPE) oxidizing agents. Sensitiveness to impact, friction and electrostatic discharge (ESD) of the resulting energetic thin films were investigated. It was observed that pSi loaded with perchlorate was sensitive at the lowest limit of detection for the available equipment (<4.9 J impact energy, <5 N friction force, and <45 mJ ESD spark energy). When loaded with PFPE the material was very sensitive to impact (<4.9 J), moderately sensitive to ESD (between 45 and 100 mJ) and insensitive to friction (>360 N). pSi loaded with either perchlorate or PFPE displayed behavior during sensitiveness testing similar to other primary explosive materials.     

Total projection to latent structures for process monitoring

Partial least squares or projection to latent structures (PLS) has been used in multivariate statistical process monitoring similar to principal component analysis. Standard PLS often requires many components or latent variables (LVs), which contain variations orthogonal to Y and useless for predicting Y . Further, the X ‐residual of PLS usually has quite large variations, thus is not proper to monitor with the Q‐statistic. To reduce false alarm and missing alarm rates of faults related to Y , a total projection to latent structures (T‐PLS) algorithm is proposed in this article. The new structure divides the X ‐space into four parts instead of two parts in standard PLS. The properties of T‐PLS are studied in detail, including its relationship to the orthogonal PLS. Further study shows the space decomposition on X ‐space induced by T‐PLS. Fault detection policy is developed based on the T‐PLS. Case studies on two simulation examples show the effectiveness of the T‐PLS based fault detection methods. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010     

Temperature Effects on a Non-Volatile Memory Device with Ferroelectric Capacitor

The temperature effects on a ferroelectric non-volatile memory latch were measured. The device is based on a design from Radiant Technologies Inc. utilizing a discrete ferroelectric capacitor. The effects measured include functionality, I-V characteristics and retention. The range of temperatures for which the device was tested is –107°F to +302°F. The results are compared with measurements made at room temperature for the device. Retention measurements of the device at elevated temperatures allow predictions of retention performance under normal operating conditions. Potential applications of this device in harsh environments which include aerospace, industrial and automotive are presented.     

A surrogate model to assess the whole body SAR induced by multiple plane waves at 2.4?GHz

The assessment of the exposure to electromagnetic waves is nowadays a key question. Dealing with the relationship between exposure and incident field, most of previous investigations have been performed with a single plane wave. Realistic exposure in the far field can be modeled as multiple plane waves with random direction of arrival, random amplitude, and random phase. This paper, based on numerical investigations, studies the whole body specific absorption rate (SAR) linked to the exposure induced by five random plane waves having uniformly distributed angles of arrival in the horizontal plane, log-normal distributed amplitudes, and uniformly distributed phases. A first result shows that this random heterogeneous exposure generates maximal variations of ??25% for the whole body specific absorption. An important observation is that the exposure to a single plane wave arriving face to the body, used for the guidelines, does not constitute the worst case. We propose a surrogate model to assess the distribution of the whole body SAR in the case of an exposure to multiple plane waves. For a sample of 30 values of whole body SAR induced by five plane waves at 2.4?GHz, this simple approach, considering the resulting SAR as the sum of the SAR induced by each isolated plane wave, leads to an estimated distribution of whole body SAR following the real distribution with a p value of 76% according to the Kolmogorov statistical test.     

A Comparison of Replicate Field Samples Collected with the Bi-Air,Air-O-Cell,and Graesby-Andersen N6 Bioaerosol Samplers

The Bi-Air (BA) and Air-O-Cell (AOC) cassettes have been compared for the collection of Aspergillus/Penicillium (Asp/Pen) and Chaetomium spores based on replicate and/or duplicate samples collected under typical field conditions. Total culturable Asp and Pen concentrations were also compared for the BA and the N6 impactor based on duplicate field samples. When single Asp/Pen spores or small chains were dominant, the average BA:AOC concentration ratio was 2.1 (11,260 spores/m³ v 5,400 spores/m³) for six duplicate samples collected in a well-mixed room. This ratio was consistent with previous studies performed under controlled conditions. However, the average BA:AOC concentration ratio was 54 (765,00 spores/m³ v 36,800 spores/m³) for four replicate samples in which small Asp/Pen spores and clusters of Asp/Pen spores were dominant. The average BA:AOC concentration ratio for Chaetomium was typically 8.6, with a high of 100 for the four replicate samples in which Asp/Pen clusters were dominant. It was concluded that the performance of the BA and the AOC, except for a reasonably constant 2:1 ratio of concentrations, were similar for the detection of single Asp/Pen spores or small chains. However, the BA generally detected higher concentrations of Asp/Pen spores when clusters were dominant; and detected Chaetomium spores in more of the replicate field samples and at a higher average concentration.

The average concentrations of culturable Aspergillus and Penicillium were not statistically different for six duplicate N6 and BA samples collected in a well-mixed room. For nine duplicate field samples with N6 concentrations of total culturable fungi greater than 1,000 cfu/m³, the N6 and BA were moderately correlated (r = 0.76). It was concluded that the ability of the BA to collect culturable fungi was similar to that of the N6 for short-term samples.     

Fully Coupled 3-D Conjugate Heat Transfer Algorithm for Borehole Heat Exchanger Performance Prediction

Quantitative three-dimensional prediction of the thermal performance of a vertical borehole heat exchanger (BHE) in a ground-source heat pump installation is sought. As BHE installation exhibits exceptionally disparate characteristic length scales, an alternative formation-fluid-thermal fully coupled algorithm is derived to quickly predict the 3-D temperature distributions. The time scale of the steady prediction is of order minutes. This simulation capability can be readily coupled to long-time (order months) unsteady simulation of an entire wellbore field. Algorithm prediction is validated by comparison with data from an instrumented commercial installation for a unique BHE conduit design, followed by illustrative design optimization or variation assessments.