Effects of interaction parameters and melting points of pure metals on the phase diagrams of the binary alloy nanoparticle systems: A classical approach based on the regular solution model

The effects of thermodynamic properties on the phase stability of an imaginary A–B binary alloy nanoparticle system were examined using a regular solution model based on the CALPHAD method. When the two components of an alloy had the same melting points, both the liquidus and solidus temperatures decreased across the whole composition range, regardless of the sign of the interaction parameter. When the two substances had different melting points and , similar behavior was observed. However, when , the solidus and solvus lines, and the eutectic composition move to the pure substance side that has the lower melting point.     

Kinetics of the reactions of carbon containing zinc oxide composites under microwave irradiation

As a fundamental study for the recycling of EAF dust using microwave heating, the reduction rate of a zinc oxide composite by solid carbon under microwave irradiation was investigated. It was found that the reduction of zinc oxide by solid carbon under microwave irradiation was much faster than the conventional method, and the activation energy for the reaction under microwave irradiation was estimated to be 335 kJ/mol.     

Experimental study on synthetic jet array for aerodynamic drag reduction of a simplified car

This paper describes an experimental parametric study of synthetic jet array actuation to reduce the aerodynamic drag of a threedimensional simplified car. By using two configurations of an Ahmed body with 25° and 35° slant angles, we performed wind tunnel tests under different conditions of synthetic jet array. Several parameters, namely, jet location, jet direction, jet momentum coefficient, jet driving frequency, and number and position of activated jets within the actuator array, were considered. The total aerodynamic drag coefficients were compared, and the rear wake flows were studied by using the data obtained from rear surface pressure distribution and flow visualization tests. Results of the parametric study show that the aerodynamic drag exhibits different behavior depending on the location of the jet for each slanted model. Jet direction, jet momentum coefficient, and jet driving frequency affect only the amount of change in the aerodynamic drag. The distribution of the activated jets also affects jet efficiency.     

Kinetics of SiC Formation on Graphite Using N2-CO-SiO and N2-CO-H2-SiO Gas Mixtures

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The formation of SiC on a graphite surface through the reaction between SiO gas and C was investigated. Experiments were conducted at 1843 K,...     

Nonlinear static composition estimator for distillation columns using open equation-based nonlinear programming

In distillation column control, secondary measurements such as temperatures and flows are widely used to infer product composition. This paper addresses the development of nonlinear static estimators using secondary measurements for estimating product compositions of distillation columns. An open equationbased optimization problem, which minimizes the differences between the measured outputs and the estimated outputs, has been formulated and solved by using the nonlinear program (NLP) solver, MINOS5. It is shown that the proposed nonlinear estimator is robust and more powerful than the conventional PLS (Partial-Least-Squares) estimator.     

Reduction of electrical arc furnace oxidizing slag by coke under microwave irradiation

The reduction of iron from electrical arc furnace oxidizing slag by coke was investigated under microwave irradiation (1.7 kW, 2.45 GHz). The heating behavior of cokes of different sizes were examined and a maximum heating rate of 550 K/min and a maximum temperature of 1783 K were obtained with coke particles smaller than 75 m. In the reduction of the oxidizing slag (15 g) by coke (1.45～1.65 g) under microwave irradiation for 25 min, the maximum recovery ratio of iron was 0.87, obtained when the amount of coke addition was 1.55 g. In addition, the reduced slag composition was modified by adding 5.9 g of CaO. With the addition of 1.55 g coke or more, free CaO in the slag was effectively reduced.     

Rehydrogenation and cycle studies of LiBH4–CaH2 composite

Rehydrogenation behavior of 6LiBH₄ + CaH₂ composite with NbF₅ has been studied between 350 and 500 °C after dehydrogenation at 450 °C. The composite exhibits the best rehydrogenation feature at 450 °C in terms of the overall rehydrogenation rate and the amount of absorbed hydrogen. It is found that about 9 wt% hydrogen is absorbed at 450 °C for 12 h. Up to 10 dehydrogenation–hydrogenation cycles have been carried out for the composite. It is demonstrated that 6LiBH₄ + CaH₂ with 15 wt% NbF₅ maintains a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of about 6 wt% at 450 °C after a slight degradation between the 1st and 5th cycles. The addition of NbF₅ seems to improve the cycle properties by retarding microstructural coarsening during cycles.