False Loop Detection in the IEEE 1394 Tree Identify Phase

The physical layer of the IEEE 1394 (FireWire, i-Link) architecture contains a protocol for spanning a tree in the network topology, which fails if the topology contains a loop. We show that the timing requirements for both the 1394-1995 and 1394a-2000 standards are too lenient: these allow for scenarios in which there is no loop in the topology, but the tree-spanning protocol does detect one. The scenarios are found by the model checker UPPAAL. Received August 2001/Accepted in revised form August 2001 Correspondence and offprint requests to: J. M. T. Romijn, Computing Science Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Email: J.M.T.Romijn@tue.nl     

NaOH/尿素溶液屏蔽木粉羟基制备注塑级生物基塑料

为了解决石化资源日益紧缺和开发石化资源带来的环境污染,以可再生的农林废弃物胡桑枝条为原料制备了可注塑的生物基塑料.将球磨预处理的胡桑枝条粉放置在预冷的NaOH/尿素溶液中以-10 ℃溶解润胀1 h后,在捏合机中常温捏合,冷冻干燥得到捏合改性产物.捏合改性产物与一定量的甘油共混挤出制备生物基塑料.研究了不同溶液配比、甘油用量和甘油共混方式对改性产物力学性能的影响.结果表明:球磨木粉经过复合溶剂NaOH/尿素溶液体系捏合改性后,具有热塑性,加入甘油捏合或加入甘油共混挤出,能得到具有较好力学性能的生物基塑料,所制备的生物基塑料弯曲强度最大达到26.10 MPa,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到13.21 MPa和10.91%.以胡桑枝条木粉为原料,在NaOH/尿素体系中进行捏合改性后,木粉中羟基被屏蔽,结晶度降低,加入甘油增塑可制备出注塑级生物基塑料,实现了木粉的全组分高效利用.     

Intraindividual variability in cognitive performance in older adults: Comparison of adults with mild dementia, adults with arthritis, and healthy adults.

Intraindividual variability in latency and accuracy of cognitive performance across both trials and occasions was examined in 3 groups of older adults: healthy adults, adults with arthritis, and adults diagnosed with mild dementia. Participants completed 2 reaction-time and 2 episodic-memory tasks on 4 occasions. Results indicated that intraindividual variability in latency was greater in individuals diagnosed with mild dementia than in adults who were neurologically intact, regardless of their health status. Individual differences in variability were stable over time and across cognitive domains. Intraindividual variability was also related to level of performance and was uniquely predictive of neurological status, independent of level of performance. Results suggest that intraindividual variability may be a behavioral indicator of compromised neurological mechanisms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Professional practice out of the urban context: Defining Canadian rural psychology.

There is an often unacknowledged difference between urban and rural practice in psychology which lacks clarity, in part, because of the lack of a common definition of rurality. Rural psychology in Canada presents complex and nuanced aspects of professional practice. The professional and social milieus of rural communities position the practising psychologist within a context that may differ vastly from urban settings. The rural context highlights the need to define this specific practice setting. This paper proposes a tentative definition of rural Canadian professional practice in psychology. This is meant to elucidate the distinct practice, training, and ethical considerations that may be the realities of the psychologists who are in professional practice in rural Canada. Rural professional practice is unique and Canadian training programs are urban-based. Training of future psychologists needs to acknowledge the unique features of rural practice to meet our obligations to students specifically and to rural Canadians generally. This is enhanced with a shared definition of rural professional practice in psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Professional ethics in rural and northern Canadian psychology.

Although the literature in rural, northern, and remote (R&N) psychology and professional ethics for this setting is limited, it is clear that this area of psychological practice presents a specific context which must be considered for ethical decision-making. Existing literature suggests that overlapping relationships, community pressure, generalist practice, interdisciplinary collaboration, and professional development concerns are aspects of R&N practice that may be more prevalent. When they are, they pose risks by complicating professional practice and the resolution of related ethical issues. This article highlights the ways that demographic and practice characteristics may instigate ethical issues in R&N professional practice. We briefly review these considerations in relation to the literature, professional ethics, the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists (Code), and case examples from our own practices. More specifically, we discuss how the Code provides guidance in applying the ethical principles to decision-making in R&N communities. Further, we suggest practical applications for ethical decision-making acumen inherent in the Code. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

A behavioral view of paradigm debates: Let the data speak.

Because of the strong applied and empirical emphasis of the behavior analysis approach, paradigm debates are considered a waste of time. It is suggested here that the current debate by E. Locke (see record 1981-04363-001) is no exception. It is recommended that instead of engaging in data-sparse academic arguments, interested researchers should conduct experiments that test the various hypotheses and then let the data speak for themselves. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Food cooking methods contribute to the reduced vitamin C content of foods prepared in hospitals and care facilities: a systematic review

Recent cases of scurvy within health care have been reported internationally. One potential reason is vitamin C losses associated with food cooking methods. This review systematically synthesised the published literature to determine the extent that vitamin C in food is lost secondary to food cooking methods used in hospitals or care facilities. The review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and was prospectively registered in the Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews. Searches were run in three databases with no date restrictions, complemented by an internet search and reference checking. Search terms focused on the intervention and outcome. The final review included seven publications including longitudinal studies and comparison to reference standards. All studies identified vitamin C losses between preparation and service resulting from food cooking methods. Quality was rated as positive for four papers and neutral for the remainder of the included library.     

药学实验绿色化的应用探索

将绿色化学理念应用于化学实验各个环节,以污染较为严重的药物化学和有机化学实验为研究重点:精心选择实验项目,合理安排实验次序;积极开展微量或半微量实验;改进传统实验,选择低毒或无毒试剂;探索实验废弃物的回收利用方法;利用绿色植物净化空气,美化环境.     

Buber on (looking at) architecture

Martin Buber (1878-1965), the eminent Jewish theologian and social philosopher, would probably prefer to be described as the founder of philosophical anthropology. He is perhaps best remembered today as author of the highly influential I and Thou (first published in 1923). This paper sets out to introduce his ideas on architecture. Buber's interest in architecture has hitherto been overlooked, probably because his only published utterance specifically on this subject dating from the final period of his life was hitherto available exclusively in Hebrew. Considerable insights into Buber's thinking about architecture can be obtained from studying this short, published text of 1957, his Foreword to Within the Space of Architecture [ BeHalalah shel Ardichalut ], the Hebrew edition of Bruno Zevi's Saper Vedere l'Architettura [ Architecture as Space: How to look at Architecture ], first published a decade earlier in Italian. For the Hebrew edition not only was the title modified but also Zevi added a special introduction as well as Buber's Foreword. Despite its brevity this Foreword enables one to deduce Buber's fundamental ideas about architecture and about our perception of it. Furthermore, their foreword also casts new light on Zevi's ideas, as enunciated in this book.