Expression after suppression: A motivational explanation of postsuppressional rebound.

Five studies examined the effect of expressing a construct after suppressing it on subsequent accessibility. Suppression of color terms (Studies 1, 2, and 5) and of stereotypes (Studies 3 and 4) were examined. Both expression alone and suppression alone enhanced the construct's accessibility relative to the no-suppression/no-expression condition, demonstrating activation by recent construct use and postsuppressional rebound, respectively. However, introducing expression after suppression reduced accessibility relative to both the suppression alone and the expression alone conditions. These results are explained within a motivational theory of rebound, according to which suppressing a construct induces a need to use it, and subsequent expression satisfies this need, thereby instigating an inhibition of the accessibility of need-related constructs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

MobileAR Browser – A generic architecture for rapid AR-multi-level development

We present our novel generic approach for interfacing web components on mobile devices in order to rapidly develop Augmented Reality (AR) applications using HTML5, JavaScript, X3D and a vision engine. A general concept is presented exposing a generalized abstraction of components that are to be integrated in order to allow the creation of AR capable interfaces on widely available mobile devices.Requirements are given, yielding a set of abstractions, components, and helpful interfaces that allow rapid prototyping, research at application level, as well as commercial applications. A selection of various applications (also commercial) using the developed framework is given, proving the generality of the architecture of our MobileAR Browser.Using this concept a large number of developers can be reached. The system is designed to work with different standards and allows for domain separation of tracking algorithms, render content, interaction and GUI design. This can potentially help groups of developers and researchers with different competences creating their application in parallel, while the declarative content remains exchangeable.     

R.F. diode sputtering in permanent-match mode

A constans-voltage r.f. diode sputtering set incorporating a self-excited oscillator was designed. The variable discharge impedance was stabilized, as seen from the r.f. generator output, by suitable capacitive discharge shunting combined with a rather tight coupling to the generator. A conventional r.f. power oscillator of the Colpitt type was used and, as the loading of the oscillator by the discharge and its associated electrical network was essentially constant, there was no need for an impedance matching network or voltage-and/or power-controlling servosystems to assure stable operation of the equipment.For bias sputtering, the variation in the substrate holder voltage was established by variation of the mutual inductance to the bias circuit which allows the bias voltage to be operated in phase or 180° out of phase with respect to the target voltage. The r.f. generator had a line-modulated power supply; its influence on the accelerating voltages governing sputtering was considered and the ion energy distribution was studied. The operation of the equipment is illustrated by refractive index results obtained in TiO₂ films deposited by in-phase and inverse-phase bias sputtering.     

14C]leucine incorporation into proteins of pancreatic juice in rats fed soya-bean flour

1. The effect of a diet containing a trypsin inhibitor on the incorporation of radioactively labelled leucine into the pancreatic proteins secreted during stimulation with cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) was studied in rats. 2. The total output of protein was significantly greater in the rats given raw soya-bean flour (RSF) compared with those given heat-inactivated soya-bean flour (HSF) (controls) in response to the sub- and supramaximal stimulation with CCK, but similar responses were obtained to maximal stimulation with CCK. Total protein output decreased continuously with time after reaching peak values at 90--120 min after the start of stimulation with CCK. 3. The total output of radioactively labelled protein in RSF-fed rats was not different from that of the controls with sub- and supramaximal dose rats of CCK, but was significantly lower than that of the controls in response to the dose rate of CCK which produced maximal rates of pancreatic secretion. 4. The specific activity of radioactively labelled protein increased continuously, while the output attained a constant rate during stimulation with all doses of CCK. 5. We concluded that feeding the trypsin inhibitor-containing diet led to increased secretion of stored pancreatic protein, while secretion of newly synthesized protein was not altered. During the course of prolonged stimulation with CCK, irrespective of diet, there was increasing secretion of the newly synthesized protein compared with the pre-existing stored proteins of the pancreas, it was unable to compensate for the decreased secretion of pre-formed protein.     

Effect of riboflavin treatment on human red cell pyruvate kinase deficiency

The effect of riboflavin on six patients with hemolytic anemia due to hereditary pyruvate kinase deficiency was studied. Treatment over a period of four to six months produced no significant hematologic or enzymologic changes in the variants investigated.     

Diurnal periodicity of mitotic activity, DNA synthesis and duration of mitosis in mouse bone marrow cells

A clear diurnal rythm of the mitotic activity and DNA synthesis was observed in the cells of myeloid and erythroid series of mouse bone marrow, maximum number of mitoses and DNA-synthesising cells coincided in time and occurred during day and night hours minimum--during morning and evening hours. A rise in the mititic activity was due to the increase in the number of dividing cells but not to the increase in duration of mitosis.     

Oxygen toxicity in the newborn. The effect of chronic continuous 100 percent oxygen exposure on the lungs of newborn mice

Continuous exposure of newborn mice of a single, highly inbred strain to 100% oxygen at normal atmospheric pressure for up to 6 weeks resulted in a progressive evolution of pulmonary changes which consisted of dense fibrous tissue deposition, chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis, and emphysema. Survival of the experimental animals decreased with the duration of exposure, and it was 18% after the sixth week. While the pulmonary changes were evolving, lung growth was markedly inhibited in the experimental animals, whereas lung weight increased significantly. The present study indicates that in contrast to the adult mouse, survival of a substantial percentage of newborn mice for at least 6 weeks is possible, but it is associated with severe changes in pulmonary structure that doubtlessly lead to serious derangement of cardiopulmonary functions.     

Quick guide to polyketide synthase and nonribosomal synthetase genes in Fusarium

Fusarium species produce a plethora of bioactive polyketides and nonribosomal peptides that give rise to health problems in animals and may have drug development potential. Using the genome sequences for Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. verticillioides we developed a framework for future polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptides synthetases (NRPSs) nomenclature assignment and classification. Sequence similarities of the adenylation and ketosynthase domain sequences were used to group the identified NRPS and PKS genes. We present the current state of knowledge of PKS and NRPS genes in sequenced Fusarium species and their known products. With the rapid increase in the number of sequenced fungal genomes a systematic classification will greatly aid the scientific community in obtaining an overview of the number of different NRPS and PKS genes and their potential as producers of known bioactive compounds.     

C and N isotope fractionation during biodegradation of the pesticide metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM): potential for environmental assessments

2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (BAM) is a metabolite of the herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil), and a prominent groundwater contaminant. Observable compound-specific isotope fractionation during BAM formation-through transformation of dichlobenil by Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 9685-was small. In contrast, isotope fractionation during BAM degradation-with Aminobacter sp. MSH1 and ASI1, the only known bacterial strains capable of mineralizing BAM-was large, with pronounced carbon (ε(C) = -7.5‰ to -7.8‰) and nitrogen (ε(N) = -10.7‰ to -13.5‰) isotopic enrichment factors. BAM isotope values in natural samples are therefore expected to be dominated by the effects of its degradation rather than formation. Dual isotope slopes Δ (=Δδ(15)N/Δδ(13)C ≈ ε(N)/ε(C)) showed only small differences for MSH1 (1.75 ± 0.03) and ASI1 (1.45 ± 0.03) suggesting similar transformation mechanisms of BAM hydrolysis. Observations are in agreement with either a tetrahedral intermediate promoted by OH(-) or H(3)O(+) catalysis, or a concerted reaction mechanism. Therefore, owing to consistent carbon isotopic fractionation, isotope shifts of BAM can be linked to BAM biodegradation, and may even be used to quantify degradation of this persistent metabolite. In contrast, nitrogen isotope values may be rather indicative of different sources. Our results delineate a new approach to assessing the fate of BAM in the environment.