The development of frames of references

Measurement of the effectiveness of science policies is analyzed as a multi-level problem. Journal-journal citations are discussed as a potential candidate for a domain beyond the control of policy-makers and authors or research groups and therefore may function as a relatively stable and easily accessible baseline for the calibration of outputs and outcomes of science policy. A method is developed, usingSCPsJCRs which is then applied to the two cases of water pollution and humanisation of labor. This method can also be used as a simple indicator for the development of journal-journal citation patterns over time.     

On the 80/20 rule

In a recent paper¹ Burrell shows that libraries with lower average borrowings tend to require a larger proportion of their collections to account for 80% of the borrowings, than those with higher average borrowings. In that study, the underlying frequency distribution was a negative binomial. We are dealing with a case when the underlying distribution is of Lotka type. It is also shown that the 80/20-effect is much stronger in this case.     

Numerical and experimental study of a nonisothermal turbulent jet with a heavy impurity

Temperature and momentum distributions of the carrier phase are determined experimentally and compared to results of numerical calculations using the (k–) model.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 735–743, May, 1986.     

Best linear unbiased estimators for properties of digitized straight lines

This paper considers the problem of measuring properties of digitized straight lines from the viewpoint of measurement methodology. The measurement and estimation process is described in detail, revealing the importance of a step called ``characterization' which was not recognized explicitly before. Using this new concept, BLUE (Best Linear Unbiased) estimators are found. These are calculated for various properties of digitized straight lines, and are briefly compared to previous work.