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911.
Peretto L. Sasdelli R. Tinarelli R. 《IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement》2003,52(4):1143-1147
A statistical approach to estimate the trend, over a long time interval, of electrical parameters is proposed in this paper. The trend is determined by processing a limited number of parameter values measured at instants randomly chosen. Experimental results are reported, which show the good performance of the method proposed when it is applied to estimate customers' loads profiles and the trend of some parameters providing information on power quality. 相似文献
912.
Technological and human factors have contributed to the increasing complexity of the network management problem. Heterogeneity and globalization of network resources have, on one hand, increased user expectations for flexible and easy-to-use environments and, on the other, propounded entirely novel ways to face the management problem. Several research efforts recognize the need for integrated solutions to manage both network resources and services in open and global environments. Undoubtedly, these solutions should permit the coexistence of different management models and should interoperate with legacy systems. The presented management system, QoS management tool (QMTool), aspires to address the heterogeneity, complexity, and dynamic behavior of QoS-enabled IP networks by taking advantage of the optimum fit of a number of novel technologies. A layered framework architecture, including element, network management, and visualization service, is provided, and a high level of information abstraction in network configuration and monitoring is introduced mainly based on the capabilities of the Extensible Markup Language (XML). Moreover, the functional components for providing (re-)configuration, fault management monitoring, and network visualization facilities are also presented, followed by notes of implementation issues. 相似文献
913.
Optical absorption and photoluminescence of Ca3(VO4)2 single crystal grown by a floating-zone technique and containing Nd3+ ions were investigated. High absorption coefficients and broadening of most absorption bands are present at 300 K, while substructures in some of the same bands can be evidenced at 12 K. Most features of measured spectra are characteristic of random occupation of more than a single Ca2+ site by the Nd3+ ion and of distortions provoked by different charge compensation mechanisms involving oxygen vacancies promotion in the crystal lattice. Nd3+ optical properties were studied by using the Judd-Ofelt theory to calculate the spectral parameters relevant for laser applications. 相似文献
914.
M. Ritchie P. D. Lee A. Mitchell S. L. Cockcroft T. Wang 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(3):863-877
An energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector mounted on a laboratory scale electron beam furnace (30 kW) was employed to assess
the potential use of X-rays as a means of on-line composition monitoring during electron beam (E B) melting of alloys. The
design and construction of the collimation and protection systems used for the EDX are described in Part I. In Part II, a
mathematical simulation of the heat, mass, and momentum transfer was performed for comparison to the EDX and vapor deposition
results. The predicted flow patterns and evaporation rates are used to explain the differences between the two experimental
methods. For the EDX spectra measured, the X-rays generated were from the center of the hearth where fluid flow rising from
the bulk of the pool is sufficient to maintain the bulk composition despite the high evaporative flux from the surface. The
flow moves radially outward from the center of the pool, with the volatile species being depleted. The vapor deposition technique
measures the entire region, giving an average surface composition, and it therefore differs from the EDX results, which gave
a near bulk composition. This combined study using in-situ EDX measurements and numerical simulations both provided an insight into the phenomena controlling the evaporation in an
EB-heated system and demonstrated the viability of using EDX to measure the bulk composition during EB melting processes. 相似文献
915.
Conclusions The effect of the number and diameter of spinneret holes on hole clogging and the properties of acetate yarns has been investigated under manufacturing conditions.On reducing spinneret hole diameter and increasing the number of holes, the strength and fatigue properties are raised, but the elongation of acetate yarn is reduced.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 29–30, January–February, 1986. 相似文献
916.
Polycrystalline magnesium films were deposited under ultrahigh vacuum by thermal evaporation onto a cooled silica substrate. During the growth process of a film a number of lattice defects are incorporated. It was found that the defect density decreases with increasing thickness. An annealing study of the electrical resistance and defect density in magnesium films was made. The results were interpreted on the basis of Vand's theory. The function F0 expressing the law of distribution of the decay energies exhibited a maximum. For thick films there was no appreciable variation in the activation energy with thickness. In this case the evaluated activation energy E was found to be about 0.35 eV. For very thin films this energy decreases with increasing thickness. 相似文献
917.
Andre C.L. Carlin J.A. Boeckl J.J. Wilt D.M. Smith M.A. Pitera A.J. Lee M.L. Fitzgerald E.A. Ringel S.A. 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》2005,52(6):1055-1060
High-performance p/sup +//n GaAs solar cells were grown and processed on compositionally graded Ge-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/-Si (SiGe) substrates. Total area efficiencies of 18.1% under the AM1.5-G spectrum were measured for 0.0444 cm/sup 2/ solar cells. This high efficiency is attributed to the very high open-circuit voltages (980 mV (AM0) and 973 mV (AM1.5-G)) that were achieved by the reduction in threading dislocation density enabled by the SiGe buffers, and thus reduced carrier recombination losses. This is the highest independently confirmed efficiency and open-circuit voltage for a GaAs solar cell grown on a Si-based substrate to date. Larger area solar cells were also studied in order to examine the impact of device area on GaAs-on-SiGe solar cell performance; we found that an increase in device area from 0.36 to 4.0 cm/sup 2/ did not degrade the measured performance characteristics for cells processed on identical substrates. Moreover, the device performance uniformity for large area heteroepitaxial cells is consistent with that of homoepitaxial cells; thus, device growth and processing on SiGe substrates did not introduce added performance variations. These results demonstrate that using SiGe interlayers to produce "virtual" Ge substrates may provide a robust method for scaleable integration of high performance III-V photovoltaics devices with large area Si wafers. 相似文献
918.
Methods for finding the parameters (energies and capture coefficients for electrons and holes) of the levels involved in the formation of the recombination flux are suggested. The temperature variation of these parameters for AlGaN/InGaN/GaN and InGaN/SiC structures is discussed. The parameters of the levels responsible for tunneling recombination are determined. 相似文献
919.
Due to interference, path loss, multipath fading, background noise, and many other factors, wireless communication normally
cannot provide a wireless link with both a high data rate and a long transmission range. To address this problem, striping
network traffic in parallel over multiple lower-data-rate but longer-transmission-range wireless channels may be used. In
this paper, we propose a new striping method and evaluate its performances over multiple IEEE 802.11(b) channels under various
conditions. Our extensive simulation results show that this method is quite effective for such an application.
S.Y. Wang is an Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering at National Chiao Tung University,
Taiwan. He received his Master and Ph.D. degree in computer science from Harvard University in 1997 and 1999, respectively.
His research interests include wireless networks, Internet technologies, network simulations, and operating systems. He is
the author of the NCTUns 2.0 network simulator and emulator, which is being widely used by network and communication researchers.
More information about the tool is available at http://NSL.csie.nctu.edu.tw/nctuns.html.
C.H. Hwang received his master degree in computer science from NCTU in 2002 and currently is working for a network company.
C.L. Chou currently is a third-year Ph.D. student at the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chiao
TungUniversity (NCTU), Taiwan. He received his master degree in computer science from NCTU in 2002. 相似文献
920.
Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is becoming increasingly popular as an alternative disinfection technology to chlorination in recent years. In this study, we investigated the photoreactivation of Escherichia coli following medium-pressure (MP) UV disinfection of synthetic water by a bench-scale collimated beam apparatus. The UV doses ranged from 1.6 -19.7 mWs/cm2 and photoreactivation was investigated for 6 hours under fluorescent light. In addition, chloramination was applied after UV disinfection to investigate its ability to control photoreactivation. It was found that photoreactivation occurred for all UV doses tested and the increase in bacteria numbers ranged from 0.04 to 1.35 log10. However, the degree of photoreactivation decreased with increased UV doses. Chloramination experiments revealed that the addition of 0.5 mg/l of monochloramine resulted in suppression of photoreactivation for 1 hour only. An increased monochloramine dose of 1 mg/l was found to prevent photoreactivation for the entire duration of the experiment. The results of this study have shown that photoreactivation occurs even after MP UV disinfection, although it is of a lesser extent at higher UV doses. This study has also established that secondary chloramination can effectively suppress and eliminate photoreactivation with a chloramine dose of 1 mg/l. 相似文献