Simulated hot working,cold working,

An investigation was carried out on the effects of changing the hot-working, cold-working, and annealing parameters on the interaction between A1N precipitation and recrystallization in low- carbon steels containing significant amounts of Al and N. The primary aim was to determine whether laboratory torsion testing can be helpful in analyzing precipitation behavior in these steels. The approach taken was first to establish the baseline annealing behavior of material that was hot- and cold-worked in a mill and then to compare this with the behavior of material in which the hot and cold working were simulated by torsion testing. It was found, first of all, that torsion testing can indeed provide a good simulation of the industrial process of hot and cold working followed by annealing, even to the extent that a process as subtle as the inhibition of recrystallization by A1N precipitation can be accurately reproduced. The results also show that the interaction between precipitation and recrystallization during annealing is significantly influenced by the reheat temperature before hot working, as well as by the cooling rate after hot working.     

Acquired hemophilia and rheumatoid arthritis. Value of intravenous immunoglobulins

The authors report an exceedingly rare complication of rheumatoid arthritis, i.e. acquired hemophilia due to anti-factor VIII autoantibody production. Treatment with intravenous immune globulin ensured control of hemorrhagic manifestations by inducing a transient rise in factor VIII level.     

The spinal muscular atrophy gene region at 5q13.1 has a paralogous chromosomal region at 6p21.3

We have examined acetaminophen (paracetamol) dosing for outpatient management of posttonsillectomy pain in children. Forty children, 5-15 years of age, undergoing tonsillectomy and their parents were randomly assigned to use a scheduled administration of acetaminophen in weight appropriate doses, 60 mg.kg-1.24h-1 orally, 90 mg.kg-1.24h-1 rectally, or to use acetaminophen 'as needed' according to present standards (control group). Postoperative pain was assessed by the child using the poker chip tool for the first three days after discharge. The prevalence of pain amongst all the children was high. The second day after discharge 22%-64% of the children in the study group and 36%-73% of the children in the control group rated severe pain. Recommended dose ranges of acetaminophen do not provide sufficient pain relief in children following tonsillectomy. Further studies are required to determine, whether higher doses of acetaminophen or analgesics with different analgesic properties will lead to improved analgesia in children following tonsillectomy.     

Accelerating entry into supported employment for persons with severe psychiatric disabilities.

Tested the hypothesis that Ss with severe mental illnesses would achieve better vocational outcomes with an accelerated approach to supported employment (AASE), as compared to gradual approaches (GA) with prevocational training. 86 Ss (mean age 35.1 yrs) with a diagnosis of a serious mental illness, were randomly assigned to either the AASE, or the GA, which included a minimum of 4 mo prevocational training. Data were obtained on indicators of vocational outcomes over 2 yrs, and for a limited number of Ss (n=36), during the 4th yr of inception into the program. Initially, only 5% of Ss preferred prevocational training. After 1 yr, AASE Ss showed better outcomes for a range of indicators, including achievement of competitive employment, duration of employment and mean earnings. During the 4th yr, 59% of these Ss were competitively employed, as compared to only 6% of GA Ss. Rehabilitation is more effective using AASE than GA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

What is driving health system change?

Socially amoral economic forces now drive health system change. The authors, assisted by a panel of experts on employers, health plans, providers, and consumers, discuss current drivers such as (1) employers' price-focused purchasing, without good quality/value measures; (2) health plans' growing successes and market clout; (3) providers declining prospects and fears about their future; and (4) consumers' worries about less choice. Future influences will include Medicare reforms, better information, and pro-consumer regulation of managed care, as well as rising social distress. The health system's future is now open for resolution in an evolving, imperfect market.     

Distribution of abnormal karyotypes among malformed fetuses detected by ultrasound throughout gestation

The participation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channels in the activation of Ca(2+)-sensitive K+ currents (IK(Ca)) by cyclic dibutyryl GMP was investigated in smooth muscle cells from the circular layer of guinea-pig gastric fundus. All experiments were performed in the presence of 3 microM nicardipine into the bath and low Ca2+ buffering capacity of the pipette-filling solution (pCa 7.4). Ruthenium red (10 microM) as well as its combination with 10 microM heparin abolished the cyclic GMP-induced activation of IK(Ca), while 10 microM heparin remained ineffective. Ryanodine (10 microM) and the subsequently added 1 microM thapsigargin induced a relatively small increase in IK(Ca) amplitudes. The addition of 10 microM ryanodine to 1 microM thapsigargin-containing bath solution caused a vast increase in IK(Ca). It is hypothesyzed that protein kinase G-induced vectorial Ca2+ flux from the cell bulk and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores toward the plasma membrane is realized by a spontaneous Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from a superficially situated Ca2+ store.