EFFECT OF HOST DEFENSE CHEMICALS ON CLONAL DISTRIBUTION AND PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF THE CEREAL APHID <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sitobion avenae</Emphasis>

Five microsatellite loci were used to study the genetic variability and population structure of Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on some of its host plants. Individuals were collected in Chile from different cultivated and wild Poaceae. Forty-four multilocus genotypes were found among the 1052 aphids analyzed, of which four represented nearly 90% of the sample. No specialist genotypes were found, although some preferred hosts endowed with chemical defenses, i.e., hydroxamic acids (Hx), while others preferred comparatively undefended hosts. Performances of some predominant and some rare genotypes were evaluated on plants differing in their Hx levels. Significant differences in performance were found among clones, the two most common genotypes showing no differences in performance among all hosts tested, and the rare genotypes showing enhanced performance on the host with highest Hx level. A hypothesis is proposed whereby the appearance of rarer genotypes is in part related to the presence of Hx.     

生长激素脂质体的研制

用冰冻熔融法制备脂质体 ,包封率可达 2 9% ,当n(卵磷脂 )∶n(胆固醇 ) =5∶2 ,超声时间 3min ,中性环境 ,冰冻 2 4h或 4℃贮藏 3d ,其稳定性良好 ,包封率 ( 2 9.1± 0 .4 ) % ,变化不显著     

羰基化法在醇溶剂中合成甲酸钠的研究

采用乙醇为溶剂,研究了一氧化碳与氢氧化钠的羰基化反应制备甲酸钠的工艺过程,考察了搅拌速率、乙醇浓度、原料NaOH/CO物质的量比、一氧化碳初始分压以及反应温度等因素对反应速率的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的工艺条件为:搅拌速度为300r/min、乙醇浓度为95%、原料NaOH/CO物质的量比为0.88、一氧化碳初始分压为1.5 MPa、反应温度为80℃。在此条件下,甲酸钠的收率可达到91.71%,纯度为100%。     

酸性离子液体(PEG1000-DAIL)催化合成6-烷氧基嘌呤化合物

以6-氯嘌呤衍生物为原料,使用PEG1000-DAIL为催化剂,在相应的醇溶剂中回流反应合成了一系列6-烷氧基嘌呤衍生物。聚乙二醇酸性双子离子液体(PEG1000-DAIL)作为催化剂具有优良的催化性能,反应条件温和,多次重复使用能保持很高的催化活性,损失量小,避免了资源的浪费。     

GENERALIZED PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF A PULSED LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION COLUMN

This paper deals with the application of a general predictive controller to a pulsed liquid-liquid extraction column. The control purpose is to maintain the column in its optimal behaviour zone in spite or flowrates and physical properties of solvent and solute fluctuations. The complex dynamics of the column is modeled by a low order linear discrete model with time varying parameters which are recursively identified. Based on these estimates, the control policy is adapted on line.

The obtained results illustrate the successful application of such an adaptive algorithm.     

脂肪酶催化碳-碳键形成反应的研究

脂肪酶的多功能性广泛应用于有机合成反应中.本文综述了脂肪酶催化碳-碳键形成反应进展,例如:Michael反应、Mannich反应、Knoevenagel反应、Diels-alder反应、Henry反应等.     

基于交流伺服系统的新型自适应滑模控制器设计

考虑交流伺服系统中非线性和不确定因素的影响,设计了一种新型的自适应滑模控制策略。该控制方法通过自适应律调节滑模增益达到克服系统参数摄动和外部扰动的目的,同时根据伺服系统数学模型,设计了控制律并证明了其稳定性。不同载荷条件下的仿真与实验研究表明,该控制策略能保证系统具有很好的控制输入特性与动态性能。     

黄浦江水用化合氯消毒生成DBPs的规律及数学模型研究

通过对黄浦江原水化合氯消毒过程生成的消毒副产物进行监测,并采用均匀试验研究黄浦江原水中氯消毒过程中DBPs生成模型。试验表明,黄浦江原水经过化合氯消毒生成的三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类消毒副产物最高浓度主要出现在温度较高的夏季,测得三卤甲烷、卤乙酸的最低值和最高值,三氯甲烷、二氯乙溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷的最高值;UV254与三卤甲烷生成量的相关性最好,相关系数在0.7以上,卤乙酸与有机物参数线性相关性较低,相关系数R2均在0.2以下;常规工艺对三卤甲烷和卤乙酸平均去除率在20%左右;最后建立了黄浦江原水消毒过程中三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类消毒副产物生成模型。     

N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸酯的合成

以甘氨酸酯盐酸盐为原料,经与2-(2-溴乙基)-1,3-二氧戊环反应,得到新型透皮吸收促渗剂N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸甲酯和N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸乙酯.通过FT-IR、HPLC-MS和 1HNMR确证了相关化合物的结构.     

液相可控沉淀技术制备纳微结构药物颗粒

纳米药物作为纳米技术与医药技术的重要组成部分,受到了全世界学术界和产业界的重视。药物纳米化工程及应用是研究的热点问题。本文总结了液相沉淀法制备纳微结构药物颗粒的基本原理和方法,综述了近年来本课题组在药物构型的密度泛函计算以及液相沉淀法制备纳微结构药物颗粒方面的学术和产业化成果。针对不同药物体系的特性,提出了采用反溶剂沉淀法、反应沉淀法、反溶剂与反应耦合沉淀法以及分子自组装沉淀法等来制备纳微结构药物颗粒,阐述了超重力可控沉淀技术在制备纳微结构药物颗粒方面的工业化应用前景。