阵列天线互耦补偿技术研究

分析阵列天线的互耦机理,利用电磁散射理论研究阵列天线的散射特性,得到阵列天线的散射矩阵,并根据散射矩阵中的实际物理意义,将矩阵进行分解,推导出阵列天线的互耦补偿公式,避免了复杂的计算,并在实际测试数据的基础上,利用提出的算法进行互耦补偿,验证了该算法的有效性。     

外源质粒DNA对小鼠肝脏基因表达谱的影响

研究了外源质粒DNA经胃肠道吸收可能对肝脏产生的作用机制。给Balb／c小鼠灌胃质粒pcDNA3 200μg，在灌胃后4h分离肝脏，提取肝脏的总RNA。利用寡核苷酸芯片对灌胃质粒pcDNA3后的Balb／c小鼠肝脏进行基因表达谱研究。结果发现17664个基因中，表达上调100条，表达下调41条。按基因功能分类，表达上调的基因可分为免疫应答基因、转录因子基因、信号转导基因、转运相关基因及代谢相关基因等；表达下调的基因主要为脂质代谢基因。灌胃外源质粒DNA后，肝脏组织主要表现为急性时相反应的加强、免疫反应的活化、细胞信号通路的活化以及脂质代谢途径的抑制。表明外源质粒DNA通过胃肠道途径可广泛调控肝脏的基因表达。     

The pancreas in cystic fibrosis: chemical composition and comparative morphology

Sections of pancreas from 16 individuals who died with cystic fibrosis (CF) were classified by morphometric criteria into four categories in increasing order of pancreatic involvement. The concentration of acini, islets, main ducts, lobular ducts, connective tissue, and fat was compared with control levels. The results show that in the least involved pancreases, from neonates who died under 5 months of age, acini were reduced to 33% of control levels and the following were increased: islets, to 410%, lobular ducts, to 250%; and main ducts, to 1700% of controls. With increasing severity of the pancreatic disease the acini were further reduced to 5% and lobular ducts to 37% of control levels, respectively. Main ducts increased by 19-fold, and fatty infiltration accounted for more than 25% of the fresh weight of the pancreas in 9 of the 16 specimens. Comparative biochemical studies of 35 fibrocystic pancreases were quantitatively related to the severity of the pancreatic involvement as follows. Water and volatile matter, normally accounting for 80 +/-% of the weight of the fresh pancreas, was reduced to less than 30% in the most affected organs. The concentration of zinc diminished from near normal mean levels of 193 mugZn/g dry pancreas to 10% of this amount in the severely involved pancreas. Elevated concentrations of calcium, amounting to over 10 times control level, were found in obstructed ductal structures. Calcium was depleted from pancreatic sections adjacent to the obstructions. The following biochemical indicators were significantly different in their mean levels in the 35 fibrocystic pancreases when compared with the 17 controls: (P less than or equal to 0.001) fat, water, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium, potassium, and sodium (P less than or equal to 0.01).     

Dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with mitral valve prolapse: a clue to pathogenesis

Fingerprints were obtained from 100 patients with mitral valve prolapse and compared with those of 100 control subjects matched for sex and race. Arches were found in 16.8 percent of all digital patterns in patients with mitral valve prolapse but in only 2.5 percent of all digits in the control group. Whereas no patient in the control group had four or more arches, 19 percent of patients with mitral valve prolapse had this finding. In addition, arches were found on 16 and 9 percent, respectively, of digits IV and V in patients with mitral valve prolapse but were not found on these digits in the control group. The finding of four or more arches or arches on digits IV or V may be important supportive evidence of mitral valve prolapse when evaluating patients with atypical chest pain and palpitations. Antenatal factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of mitral valve prolapse since it is possible that a genetic or environmental factor that interferes with the development of the mitral valve may also influence epidermal ridge patterns.     

The effects of castration on body composition, adipose tissue cellularity and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in adult male rats

Gonadal hormones affect body composition, food intake, weight gain and serum lipids in numerous species including man. In this study, mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were castrated or sham-operated at 16 weeks of age. During the 6-week observation period with weekly records of food intake and weight gain, these parameters were significantly lower in the castrated group. The decrease in food intake in this group could not account for the difference in body weight between the groups, indicating a lower feed utilisation in the castrates. At sacrifice accessory reproductive organs, the levator ani muscle, thymus and adrenals were dissected for determination of organ weight and histology, revealing significant reductions in the accessory reproductive organs and levator ani of the castrates. The thymus was significantly heavier in the castrated animals. No differences were found in the adrenals. Two of the sham-operated animals had signs of accidental functional castration. The proportion of body cell mass and total lipid of the carcass was the same in both groups. Significant reductions in adipocyte weights were found in the epididymal depots of the castrated rats. Blood samples taken at sacrifice in pentobarbital anaesthesia were analysed for glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, FFA, glycerol and protein. Statistically significant reductions in triglycerides and protein were recorded in the castrated animals without any significant changes in the other parameters studied. The results are discussed with reference to the age of castration and the importance of the reduced food intake in castrated animals.     

Localization of intraorbital foreign bodies

A study was performed utilizing 3 mock eyes of different sizes to determine the precision and accuracy of 3 radiographic methods of localization of intraorbital foreign bodies. The Comberg method was found to be the most precise and accurate, next, the Sweet method, and then the modified spectacle frame method. However, the modified spectacle frame field expedient method of localization yielded a surprisingly high degree of accuracy in 2 of the 3 planes of reference, that is, mediolaterally and superointeriorly. A more accurate field expedient type of device which will permit greater accuracy in localization of intraorbital foreign bodies in the anteroposterior axis is currently under development.     

环境友好催化剂酸性皂土催化1,1-二乙酸酯合成反应的研究

利用对环境友好的酸性皂土做催化剂,糠醛与乙酸酐发生缩合反应合成了1,1-二乙酸酯,产率高达86.6%。实验结果表明,酸性皂土催化该反应具有价廉无污染、选择性高、反应条件温和、反应时间短、后处理简单、易回收、可重复利用等优点。     

微波辅助合成半乳聚糖及其结构分析

目的：研究半乳聚糖的快速、高效制备方法,并对产物进行结构分析。方法：在微波辐照下,以半乳糖为底物,氯化钠溶液为引发剂,杂多酸为反应催化剂,催化底物脱水缩合生成半乳聚糖,并通过乙醇沉淀去除催化剂和引发剂,Sephadex G-25葡聚糖凝胶柱分级纯化,高效凝胶渗透色谱分析半乳聚糖的纯度及聚合度,高效阴离子交换色谱分析单糖组成,最后通过红外光谱分析半乳聚糖的构型。结果：半乳聚糖的最优合成条件为引发剂浓度0.25 mol/L、催化剂添加量1.1%、反应温度130 ℃、微波辐照4.5 min,半乳糖转化率为97.22%。半乳聚糖的平均分子质量为2.853 kD,平均聚合度为17。单糖组成为半乳糖及微量葡萄糖。红外光谱及氢核磁共振波谱（1H-nuclearmagnetic resonance,1H-NMR）分析表明半乳聚糖残基以β-构型为主。结论：可以通过微波辐照杂多酸催化的方法快速、高效制备半乳聚糖。     

接装纸透气度和滤棒吸阻对卷烟烟气细胞毒性的影响

采用中性红细胞毒性试验测试了不同透气度接装纸卷烟和不同吸阻滤棒卷烟烟气冷凝物的细胞毒性,并初步分析了卷烟烟气的细胞毒性指标与CO,NNK,NH3,HCN,B[a]P,巴豆醛和苯酚释放量之间的相关性.结果表明:①随着接装纸透气度的增大,卷烟烟气冷凝物的细胞毒性呈降低趋势;细胞毒性指标与CO,NNK,NH3,HCN,B[a]P,巴豆醛和苯酚的释放量之间具有一定的相关性;②随着滤棒吸阻的增大,卷烟烟气冷凝物的细胞毒性呈降低趋势;细胞毒性指标与NH3,HCN,B[a]P和苯酚的释放量之间具有一定的相关性.