脂肪酶催化碳-碳键形成反应的研究

脂肪酶的多功能性广泛应用于有机合成反应中.本文综述了脂肪酶催化碳-碳键形成反应进展,例如:Michael反应、Mannich反应、Knoevenagel反应、Diels-alder反应、Henry反应等.     

基于交流伺服系统的新型自适应滑模控制器设计

考虑交流伺服系统中非线性和不确定因素的影响,设计了一种新型的自适应滑模控制策略。该控制方法通过自适应律调节滑模增益达到克服系统参数摄动和外部扰动的目的,同时根据伺服系统数学模型,设计了控制律并证明了其稳定性。不同载荷条件下的仿真与实验研究表明,该控制策略能保证系统具有很好的控制输入特性与动态性能。     

黄浦江水用化合氯消毒生成DBPs的规律及数学模型研究

通过对黄浦江原水化合氯消毒过程生成的消毒副产物进行监测,并采用均匀试验研究黄浦江原水中氯消毒过程中DBPs生成模型。试验表明,黄浦江原水经过化合氯消毒生成的三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类消毒副产物最高浓度主要出现在温度较高的夏季,测得三卤甲烷、卤乙酸的最低值和最高值,三氯甲烷、二氯乙溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷的最高值;UV254与三卤甲烷生成量的相关性最好,相关系数在0.7以上,卤乙酸与有机物参数线性相关性较低,相关系数R2均在0.2以下;常规工艺对三卤甲烷和卤乙酸平均去除率在20%左右;最后建立了黄浦江原水消毒过程中三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类消毒副产物生成模型。     

Prediction of biological response for large combinatorial libraries of biodegradable polymers: Polymethacrylates as a test case

A large virtual combinatorial library of polymethacrylates was, for the first time, designed for computer-aided prediction of biorelevant and material properties and focused polymer synthesis. The distinguishing features of this virtual library include its size (about 40 000 compounds), its explicit representation of relatively long polymer chains, and its accounting for different compositions in the case of copolymers and terpolymers. A subset of 79 polymers taken from a representative sub-library of 2000 polymethacrylates was employed to build initial QSPR-based polynomial neural network models, which were then deployed to predict cell attachment, cell growth, and fibrinogen adsorption on polymer surfaces for these 2000 polymethacrylates. The agreement between predicted and experimentally measured property values for the 50 polymethacrylate copolymers within this virtual polymer space encourages further pursuit of polymethacrylate-based biomaterials, and justifies more extensive deployment of computational models derived from larger experimental data sets for the rational design of biorelevant polymers endowed with targeted performance properties.     

N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸酯的合成

以甘氨酸酯盐酸盐为原料,经与2-(2-溴乙基)-1,3-二氧戊环反应,得到新型透皮吸收促渗剂N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸甲酯和N,N-2-[2-(1,3-二氧戊环)-2-乙基]甘氨酸乙酯.通过FT-IR、HPLC-MS和 1HNMR确证了相关化合物的结构.     

液相可控沉淀技术制备纳微结构药物颗粒

纳米药物作为纳米技术与医药技术的重要组成部分,受到了全世界学术界和产业界的重视。药物纳米化工程及应用是研究的热点问题。本文总结了液相沉淀法制备纳微结构药物颗粒的基本原理和方法,综述了近年来本课题组在药物构型的密度泛函计算以及液相沉淀法制备纳微结构药物颗粒方面的学术和产业化成果。针对不同药物体系的特性,提出了采用反溶剂沉淀法、反应沉淀法、反溶剂与反应耦合沉淀法以及分子自组装沉淀法等来制备纳微结构药物颗粒,阐述了超重力可控沉淀技术在制备纳微结构药物颗粒方面的工业化应用前景。     

超声孕育处理对AS41镁合金凝固组织的影响

采用连续功率超声对AS41镁合金熔体进行孕育处理,研究超声处理功率(强度)、处理时间和处理温度等工艺条件对其凝固组织的影响规律。通过对凝固金相和低倍组织观察以及XRD和Mg2Si相的点阵常数计算,结果表明:连续功率超声孕育处理可以显著细化AS41镁合金的凝固组织,晶粒尺寸仅为无超声处理时的30%～50%;适当提高超声强度和处理温度以及适当延长处理时间均可增强细化效果。优化的处理条件如下:超声强度为30～40W/cm2,处理时间为50～80s,处理温度为650～700℃。此外,超声处理也使Mg2Si相细化和球化,Mg2Si相的点阵常数也发生明显变化。     

Direct-chilling casting of Mg alloy under electromagnetic and ultrasonic combined field

The effects of low frequency electromagnetic (LFEC) field and ultrasonic (US) field on the microstructures, macrosegregation of alloying elements and the mechanical properties of DC cast AZ80 alloy were studied. The results show that both LFEC and US fields can refine the grains of the billets, which results in the increase in mechanical properties and uniformity of alloying element distribution. The effective refinement takes place on the edge of ingots when LFEC field is applied, while in the center of billets when field US is adopted. Combined the characteristics of LFEC and US fields, a new process for direct-chilling (DC) casting of Mg-electromagnetic-ultrasonic (ECUS) casting is developed, by which the grains are refined significantly and are more uniform in the whole ingots, and the mechanical properties of the ingots are improved.     

Effect of high-intensity ultrasonic field on process of semi-continuous casting for AZ80 magnesium alloy billets

Under the high-intensity ultrasonic field,AZ80 magnesium alloy was semi-continuously cast.The effects of ultrasonic intensity on the as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated.The results show that the microstructures of the alloy cast under high-intensity ultrasonic field are fine and uniform,and the grains are equiaxed,rose-shaped or globular with an average size of 257μm.High-intensity field significantly decreases the grain size,changes the morphologies of theβ-Mg17Al12 phases and reduces their area fraction.It is also shown that a proper increase in ultrasonic intensity is helpful to obtain fine,uniform and equiaxed as-cast microstructures.The optimum ultrasonic parameters are that frequency is 20 kHz and ultrasonic intensity is 1 368 W.The mechanical tests show that the mechanical properties of the as-cast AZ80 magnesium alloy billets cast under ultrasonic field are greatly improved,and with increasing the ultrasonic intensity,the mechanical properties of the entire alloy billets are much higher and more uniform than those of the alloy without ultrasonic field.     

高加速度弹射物冲击试验装置研究

如何对加速度达40g的弹射物进行冲击试验是一个技术难题.为此提出了一种能简单完成冲击试验的气压蓄能试验装置,并阐明了试验系统的基本原理,讨论和解决了试验系统的关键技术问题,针对特定条件确定了试验装置的主要参数,提出了可行的制动方案,为高加速度弹射物的冲击试验提供了一条新途径.