The determination ofTrans isomers in GLC fractions of unsaturated esters

The determination of the amount oftrans unsaturated isomers present in collected fractions of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters separated by gas liquid chromatography is accomplished by measuring the infrared absorbances of the collected peak at 10.36 and 8.55 μ. The ratio of these two absorbances is proportional to thetrans unsaturation. The interfering polyester column bleed is removed from the collected peaks by collection on alumina and elution into the spectrophotometer cell with CS₂.     

Titanium and Alloy Surfaces for Adhesive Bonding

The nature of the oxide on the surface of titanium and the Ti-6Al-4 V alloy after a number of recommended treatments has been examined by x-ray and electron diffraction. No evidence for material other than titania in its rutile form was obtained even though anatase and fluoride have been reported. The most efficient surface for adhesive bonding is a rough surface of the black oxide such as is produced by treatment of the metal in alkaline hydrogen peroxide.     

Separation and quantitation of alkene and hydroxy alkane sulfonates by thin layer chromatography

In the production of detergent range olefin sulfonates a rapid and relatively simple method for the analysis of compounds produced is desirable. This paper describes a thin layer chromatographic technique for the separation and quantitation of the sodium salts of alkene monosulfonates and disulfonates and hydroxy alkane monosulfonates and disulfonates. The separation is accomplished on tracked, unactivated sulfate-impregnated Silica Gel G layers. Standard equilibrated developing tank conditions are employed in conjunction with a developing solvent of chloroform-methanol-sulfuric acid. Visualization of the compounds is based on their suitability for charring by heat and SO₃ fumes resulting from fuming sulfuric acid which is smeared on the inner sandblasted surface of a charring lid. The charred compounds are quantitated using a scanning photodensitometer. Areas of resultant peaks are calculated and related to composition of the sample.     

Methodology for the separation o plant lipids and application to spinach leaf and chloroplast lamellae

Procedures for separation of complex plant lipids and results obtained are reviewed. Procedures based on DEAE cellulose and silicic acid chromatography, which may be preceded by countercurrent distribution, are presented for separation of the individual glyceroland sphingolipid classes of spinach leaf and chloroplast lamellae. These procedures appear to be generally applicable to photosynthetic tissue of plants and algae. The separation and infrared spectra of mono-and digalactosyl diglycerides, lecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl inositol, plant sulfolipid, cerebroside, and sterol glycosides from spinach are recorded. Chloroplast lamellae lipids are in the molar ratio monogalactosyl diglyceride (14.0), digalactosyl diglyceride (8.0), phosphatidyl glycerol (5.5), sulfolipid (3.9), lecithin (2.0), phosphatidyl inositol (1.0). Phosphatidyl ethanolamine, cerebrosides, and sterol glycosides were not detected in chloroplast lamellae. Fatty acid composition of individual lamellae lipids have been determined: The galactosyl lipids contain more than 90% trienoic acids.Trans-3- hexadecenoic acid is restricted almost exclusively to phosphatidyl glycerol. In this report techniques which have been applied to the isolation of plant glycero- and sphingolipids are reviewed and a new scheme presented for the separation of several of the plant lipid classes. Results obtained with spinach leaf and its photosynthetic apparatus are presented and discussed. Paper III in the series Plant and Chloroplast Lipids. Presented at the 15th Annual Summer Program, “Symposium on Quantitative Methodology in Lipid Research”, Aug. 3–7, 1964. Literature is reviewed to July 1964.     

Report of the instrumental techniques committee AOCS, 1971–72

Summary As described in this report, the Instrumental Techniques Committee has in various stages of progress several methods which will be proposed for adoption as official methods of the AOCS. For convenience, these proposed methods and their present status are summarized in Table II. Report of collaborative work from Government, Industrial and Academic Laboratories by members of ARS, USDA, Southern and Eastern Marketing and Nutrition Divisions; Anderson Clayton and Co., Food Division; Unilever Research; and A.E. Staley Mfg. Co.     

Using fast reactor component evaluation for pressurized water reactor life extension

An understanding of the effects of long-term, low-dose-rate radiation on core components is critical to light-water reactor plant life extension. Following reactor shutdown, materials that had experienced long exposures to low-dose-rate irradiation were retrieved from the EBR-II research reactor for analysis. These components are being analyzed to provide insight into pressurized water reactor life extension. In this work, three examples of EBR-II materials analyses are highlighted: radiation-induced segregation in 304 stainless steel, stress relaxation in Inconel X750, and swelling in 316 stainless steel. For more information, contact T.R. Allen, Argonne National Laboratory-West, P.O. Box 2528, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83403-2528;(208)533-7760; fax (208) 533-7863; e-mail todd.allen@anlw.anl.gov.     

扩大圆锭结晶器冷却水出口区

在过去的几年中,圆锭结晶器已有了几次改进。尽管这些改进主要限于结晶器,但却改善了整个铸造系统的效能。双排喷水孔可增大冷却水的喷射角和喷射速度,减少冲击铸锭后飞溅离开铸锭表面的水量。这些改进提高了二次水冷效果,允许在铸速相同的情况下采用更长的结晶器膛。由于这种结构的结晶器冷却效果提高,故在水温一定的条件下,可减少冷却水的用量。石墨环结构及其材质的改进使铸锭质量提高,结晶器维修工作量减少。这种双排射流