基于BPSK调制方式的无线信标机的设计

针对黑匣子等弹载记录设备搜寻困难的问题,设计了一种基于BPSK(二进制相移键控)调制方式的无线信标机。选用U-BLOX公司的GPS(全球定位系统)模块NEO-5Q自我定位,使用DDS(直接数字频率合成器)芯片AD9910进行高频BPSK调制,再将信标数据帧通过射频电路板以一定频段发射。经实测,该设计可以得到输出功率达1.9mW、频段为400MHz以上的BPSK调制信号。该设计是借用软件无线电的思想,通过软件实现无线电台的各种功能,具有灵活性与开放性的特点。     

基于压缩感知的水下图像去噪

水下环境复杂,水下摄像得到的图像较为模糊。采集数据时会采集到大量不包含任何有用信息的数据,噪声影响更严重。压缩感知理论提出,能用较低采样率高概率重构信号。为研究压缩感知对水下图像噪声的抑制作用,采用OMP,SP,COSAMP不同贪婪重构算法对水下图像进行不同采样率重构分析。实验结果表明,选取合适采样率既可以以少量数据重构图像,又可以抑制水下噪声,且OMP算法效果最好。     

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure, Electrical Properties, and Thermal Expansion of Perovskite-Type La0.8Ca0.2CrO3 Complex Oxides Synthesized by a Combustion Method

Perovskite-type La_0.8Ca_0.2CrO₃ complex oxides were synthesized by a combustion method. Microstructural evolution, electrical properties, and thermal expansion behavior of the ceramics were investigated in the sintering temperature range of 1250°C to 1450°C. It was found that the electrical conductivity (σ _e) remarkably improved with increasing sintering temperature from 1250°C to 1400°C, ascribed to the development of microstructural densification, whereas it declined slightly above 1400°C due to generation of excessive liquid. The specimen sintered at 1400°C had a maximum conductivity of 31.6 S cm^?1 at 800°C, and lowest activation energy of 0.148 eV. The improvement of the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) with increasing sintering temperature was monotonic as a result of the microstructural densification of the materials. The TEC of La_0.8Ca_0.2CrO₃ sintered at 1400°C was about 10.5 × 10^?6 K^?1, being consistent with other components as high-temperature conductors. With respect to microstructure, electrical properties, and thermal expansion, the preferable sintering temperature was ascertained to be about 1400°C, which is much lower than for the traditional solid-state reaction method.     

LTE与WCDMA系统共站的干扰分析

分析不同系统间的干扰,确定性分析方法相较蒙特卡罗静态仿真法简单,通过计算2个系统间的最小耦合损耗确定系统间的干扰情况,特别适合2个基站的干扰分析。采用确定性分析方法,研究了LTE和WCDMA系统共站的干扰共存问题,计算出隔离度要求,并提出减小干扰的方法。     

新型共直流母线高压变频器

针对电机叠频试验容易产生较大的有功功率低频波动,在弱电网条件下对电网造成污染导致电网上其他设备无法正常工作,提出了一种新型共直流母线的高压变频器。其整流侧采用移相变压器加二极管整流方案,通过电容串联建立高压直流母线,直流母线储存能量使其不回馈至电网,特别适用于弱电网下的电机叠频试验;逆变侧采用MMC逆变器(Modular Multilevel Converter),通过平衡控制策略达到模块电压平衡,环流抑制的效果。最后应用PSCAD/EMTDC搭建系统的仿真模型,证实了方案的可行性。     

分布式碲锌镉晶体制备材料区熔提纯炉研究

针对远红外探测器衬底制造对高品质碲锌镉单晶材料的需求,为了满足高品质碲锌镉单晶生长对高纯度原材料的需要,基于区熔提纯原理与工艺实现方法设计出一种由区熔炉炉体、移动加热装置、气路系统和电气控制系统等组成的分布式碲锌镉晶体制备材料区熔提纯炉。采用氢气除杂、氮气保护和伺服机构控制加热温度场移动的方法来实现区熔提纯。在区熔窄区宽度为15 mm和倾斜角度为7°的条件下,开展了碲、锌和镉等原材料的区熔提纯实验。结果表明,当加热温度高于材料熔点50 K且移动速度为0.006 mm·s^-1时,区熔加热装置往复移动10次以上,可将碲锌镉晶体制备所需的原材料纯度由6N (99.9999%)提高到7N (99.99999%);分布式碲锌镉晶体制备材料区熔提纯炉的加热温度、加热装置移动速度和移动稳定性较好。     

“Regioselective Deposition” Method to Pattern Silver Electrodes Facilely and Efficiently with High Resolution: Towards All‐Solution‐Processed,High‐Performance,Bottom‐Contacted,Flexible, Polymer‐Based Electronics

“Regioselectivity deposition” method is developed to pattern silver electrodes facilely and efficiently by solution‐process with high resolution (down to 2 μm) on different substrates in A4 paper size. With the help of this method, large‐area, flexible, high‐performance polymer field‐effect transistors based on the silver electrodes and polyimide insulator are fabricated with bottom‐contact configuration by all‐solution processes. The polymer devices exhibit high performance with average field‐effect mobility over 1.0 cm² V^?1 s^?1 (the highest mobility up to 1.5 cm² V^?1 s^?1) and excellent environmental stability and flexibility, indicating the cost effectiveness of this method for practical applications in organic electronics.     

Hierarchical Graphene–Carbon Fiber Composite Paper as a Flexible Lateral Heat Spreader

As a low dimensional crystal, graphene attracts great attention as heat dissipation material due to its unique thermal transfer property exceeding the limit of bulk graphite. In this contribution, flexible graphene–carbon fiber composite paper is fabricated by depositing graphene oxide into the carbon fiber precursor followed by carbonization. In this full‐carbon architecture, scaffold of one‐dimensional carbon fiber is employed as the structural component to reinforce the mechanical strength, while the hierarchically arranged two‐dimensional graphene in the framework provides a convenient pathway for in‐plane acoustic phonon transmission. The as‐obtained hierarchical carbon/carbon composite paper possesses ultra‐high in‐plane thermal conductivity of 977 W m^?1 K^?1 and favorable tensile strength of 15.3 MPa. The combined mechanical and thermal performances make the material highly desirable as lateral heat spreader for next‐generation commercial portable electronics.     

Bio‐Inspired Preparation of Fibrin‐Boned Bionanocomposites of Biomacromolecules and Nanomaterials for Biosensing

Learning from nature is one of the most promising ways to develop advanced functional materials. Here, inspired by blood coagulation, novel fibrin‐boned bionanocomposites are reported as efficient immobilization matrices of biomacromolecules and nanomaterials for biosensing. Glucose oxidase (GOx), Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), and Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are adopted as the model biomacromolecules and nanomaterials. By integrating the thrombin‐triggered coagulation of fibrin with advanced surficial modification techniques, four kinds of immobilization strategies are developed and evaluated. Digital imaging, UV‐vis spectroscopy, scanning/transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical methods, and N₂ adsorption‐desorption isotherms are used to investigate the formation, immobilization efficiency, and performance of various bionanocomposites. The fibrin‐boned networks show inherent biocompatibility, excellent adsorbability, porosity, and functionalization ability, endowing the bionanocomposites with high efficiencies in capturing AuNPs, MNPs and GOx (99%, 98%, and 57% captured under the given conditions, respectively), as well as significant mass‐transfer and biocatalysis efficiencies. Therefore, the fibrin‐boned bionanocomposites show great potential for biosensing, for example, a fibrin‐AuNPs‐GOx‐glutaraldehyde bionanocomposites modified Au electrode is highly sensitive to glucose (145 μA cm^?2 mM^?1) allowing for a limit of detection down to 25 nM, being much superior to those of the reported analogues. The presented experimental platform/strategy may find wide applications in the development of other bio/nano‐materials/devices.     

Ultrasmall Graphene Oxide Supported Gold Nanoparticles as Adjuvants Improve Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Mice

Adjuvants play an important role in vaccines. Alum and MF59 are two dominant kinds of adjuvants used in humans. Both of them, however, have limited capacity to generate the cellular immune response required for vaccines against cancers and viral diseases. It is desirable to develop new and efficient adjuvants with the aim of improving the cellular immune response against the antigen. Here, the feasibility and efficiency of ultrasmall graphene oxide supported gold nanoparticles (usGO‐Au) as a new immune adjuvant to improve immune responses are explored. usGO‐Au is obtained from reduction of chloroauric acid using usGO and then decorated with ovalbumin (OVA, a model antigen) through physical adsorption to construct usGO‐Au@OVA. As the results show, the as‐synthesized usGO‐Au@OVA can efficiently stimulate RAW264.7 cells to secrete tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), a mediator for cellular immune response. In vivo studies demonstrate that usGO‐Au@OVA can also promote robust OVA specific antibody response, CD8⁺ T cells proliferation, and different cytokines secretion. The results indicate that using usGO‐Au as an adjuvant can stimulate potent humoral and cellular immune responses against antigens, which may promote better understanding of cellular immune response and facilitate potential applications for cancer and viral vaccines.