Optical model analyses of heavy ion fragmentation in hydrogen targets

Quantum-mechanical optical-model methods for calculating cross sections for the fragmentation of high-energy heavy ions by hydrogen targets are presented. The cross sections are calculated with a knockout-ablation collision formalism which has no arbitrary fitting parameters. Predictions of elemental production cross sections from the fragmentation of 1.2A GeV 139La nuclei and of isotope production cross sections from the fragmentation of 400A MeV 32S nuclei are in good agreement with recently reported experimental measurements.     

The use of strain energy as a convergence criterion in the finite element modelling of bone and the effect of model geometry on stress convergence

Keyak and Skinner state that the adequacy of a finite element mesh may be verified by confirming that convergence of strain energy has been achieved. The paper concludes by stating that convergence of strain energy does not ensure that a particular mesh is adequate for producing accurate stress/strain results, and that only qualitative results can be achieved from 3D models of bone. This conclusion is challenged and the effect of element size on stress convergence is clarified. The influence of element size on stress convergence in regions of surface irregularity is studied and current methods are discussed that facilitate convergence.     

Fine structure and evolution of the rDNA intergenic spacer in rice and other cereals

Pyridine has been shown to be an effective inducer of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450IIE1 in both liver and lung. The oxidation of 2-butanol by rat liver is inducible by chronic ethanol consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pyridine on the hepatic and pulmonary metabolism of butanol. Comparisons were made between rat and rabbit. Acute pyridine treatment (200 mg/kg, ip) increased hepatic metabolism of 2-butanol in the rat twofold and in the rabbit threefold. The effect of pyridine on hepatic butanol oxidase is similar to the effect reported by other investigators for ethanol administered in the drinking water for 3 wk. Control rabbit pulmonary butanol oxidase activity was 10-fold higher than that in the rat. Pyridine decreased pulmonary butanol oxidase activity in the rabbit. The effect was demonstrated both in vitro and in the isolated perfused rabbit lung. Pyridine had no effect on pulmonary butanol oxidase activity in the rat.     

Cutaneous blood flow changes and weal induced by intradermal bradykinin following pretreatment with indomethacin and captopril

Ruptured duodenal peptic ulcer is a serious complication of ulcer disease that occurs in approximately 5% of cases and accounts for over 70% of deaths associated with peptic ulcer disease. This case report details the management of a 67-year-old male with a ruptured duodenal peptic ulcer who presented to the emergency room with acute onset of severe abdominal pain. There was no past history of ulcer disease. An abdominal x-ray suggested the presence of free air, and diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. The superior exposure afforded by this minimally invasive technique not only permitted an exact diagnosis to be made, but also afforded a means to expeditiously correct the pathologic defect.     

The demand for gold by industry: The European and American markets

Little information on the consumption of gold in technological or decorative applications is published. The International Gold Corporation therefore recently commissioned detailed surveys in Western Europe and the U.S.A. with the objective of acquiring quantitative data on two markets which together account for a major fraction of the total demand for gold for fabrication. The present article relies heavily on the results of these studies which were conducted by Michalopoulos and Parker, of Washington, D.C., C.G. Wedgewood and Co., of London, and Battelle Research Centre, of Geneva.