Two methods of assessing unconscious communication in psychotherapy.

Explores the relation between 2 quantitative measures of unconscious communication: (1) referential activity, which emerged from the dual-coding model of mental representation, and (2) newness of themes and extent of narrative/imagery, first identified as bearers of derivative material in the communicative approach to psychotherapy. The measures are applied to data from 2 female patients, each of whom was seen separately by 3 out of a group of 6 psychoanalysts in videotaped consultation interviews. Findings include significant correlations between referential activity and both newness of themes and extent of narrative/imagery. Newness of themes and extent of narrative/imagery also correlated significantly with each other. Scores on the measures tended to be lowest with the analysts who spoke most often. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A behavior rating scale for the preschool child.

Attempted to provide a tool that could be used by preschool teachers and child-care workers to identify children who show symptoms that may suggest emotional disturbance. A modification of Rutter's Children's Behaviour Questionnaire was standardized on a sample of 496 normal and 102 emotionally disturbed preschool children. The modified questionnaire (renamed the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire) was found to possess criterion validity and high interrater and test-retest reliabilities. 3 factors were extracted and were labeled Hostile-Aggressive, Anxious-Fearful, and Hyperactive-Distractible. Data indicate that the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire may be valuable in either clinical or research settings for the first step in early detection of emotional problems. (22 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relationship between direct dye characteristics and coverage of immature fibre neps in dyed cotton fabric

Cotton fabric containing a large number of neps was dyed with each of 17 azo direct dyes. Visible coverage of neps composed of immature fibres varied widely among the dyes. An evaluation of those structural characteristics of the dyes that might account for their differential ability to achieve coverage of neps was undertaken. Direct dyes containing more than one amino or amido group in their structure were found most likely to achieve relatively good nep coverage. Scanning electron micrographs revealed considerable variation in the types of fibres making up the individual neps in a single piece of cotton fabric. Differences in direct dye behaviour towards nep coverage were most evident with those neps composed of immature fibres with some secondary wall development.     

Maintaining perceptions of control: Finding perceived control in low-control circumstances.

Three questions about the role of perceived control in coping with a major life stressor were addressed in a sample of 71 cancer patients. As expected, those with greater perceptions of control were less depressed, even when physical functioning, marital satisfaction, and negative affectivity were controlled for. Consistent with a compensatory model of control, it was more important for patients to believe that they could control daily emotional reactions and physical symptoms than the course of the disease. Patients who endorsed irrational beliefs had lower overall perceptions of control. The results indicated that even patients who were physically or psychosocially worse off were better adjusted if they had higher perceptions of control. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Battered women: Sex roles and clinical issues.

Examines how sex role biases contribute to the origins of spousal violence, compound its psychological effects, and interfere with effective treatment for battered women. Issues that commonly arise during psychotherapy with battered women and their batterers are discussed, such as self-esteem, denial, manipulation, body integration and sexuality, and familial relationships. Clinical impressions are supported with preliminary results of data collected from 400 battered women. Suggestions are made for implementing effective, nonsexist treatment programs with preventive, secondary, and tertiary strategies. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)