Room-temperature gating of molecular junctions using few-layer graphene nanogap electrodes

We report on a method to fabricate and measure gateable molecular junctions that are stable at room temperature. The devices are made by depositing molecules inside a few-layer graphene nanogap, formed by feedback controlled electroburning. The gaps have separations on the order of 1-2 nm as estimated from a Simmons model for tunneling. The molecular junctions display gateable I-V-characteristics at room temperature.     

Calculation of thermoelastic stresses in microelectronics

An overview is given of several situations in which thermoelastic stresses can occur in electronics. To gain insight into these situations, simple models are presented allowing analytical or semi-analytical solutions. A first model describes the thermoelastic behaviour of a substrate. A second model describes the attachment between layers. A third model describes thermoelastic effects around small heat sources.     

Can Acid Volatile Sulfides (AVS) Influence Metal Concentrations in the Macrophyte Myriophyllum aquaticum?

The difference between the molar concentrations of simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) and acid volatile sulfides (AVS) is widely used to predict metal availability toward invertebrates in hypoxic sediments. However, this model is poorly investigated for macrophytes. The present study evaluates metal accumulation in roots and stems of the macrophyte Myriophyllum aquaticum during a 54 day lab experiment. The macrophytes, rooting in metal contaminated, hypoxic, and sulfide rich field sediments were exposed to surface water with 40% or 90% oxygen. High oxygen concentrations in the 90% treatment resulted in dissolution of the metal-sulfide complexes and a gradual increase in labile metal concentrations during the experiment. However, the general trend of increasing availability in the sediment with time was not translated in rising M. aquaticum metal concentrations. Processes at the root-sediment interface, e.g., radial oxygen loss (ROL) or the release of organic compounds by plant roots and their effect on metal availability in the rhizosphere may be of larger importance for metal accumulation than the bulk metal mobility predicted by the SEM-AVS model.     

贝卡尔特公司的专利产品SiroLock(R)——一种能有效握持纤维的工作辊及道夫用新型针布

贝卡尔特公司推出一种在非织造和传统纺纱长纤罗拉梳理机上道夫和工作辊用的新型针布SiroLock(R).这种高效针布的独特设计使纤维的握持和转移控制达到了一个全新的水平,从而大大提高了纤网的质量及梳理机的产能.     

纱线气流指数测试仪

纱线气流指数仪是一种类似喷气织机引纬系统脱机操作的测试装置，用于测试喷气织造纬纱的速度（平均值和变异系数）。文章综述了诸如纱线气流指数与喷气织机耗气量、织机速度之间的关系等，同时还介绍了会对纱线气流指数值产生影响的某些纱线品质。     

The ‘valley of ashes’ and the ‘fresh green breast’: metaphors from The Great Gatsby in planning New York

ABSTRACT

Visions in planning of what a city could or should be tend to be constructed around metaphors, rhetorical tropes that crystalize the image of a preferable future city. Such metaphorizations are never innocent: they draw on pre-existing cultural narratives and activate particular frames of expectation. This article examines two metaphors used in the planning of New York City, and its shores, in particular: the spectre of the ‘valley of ashes’ and the dream of the ‘fresh green breast’. These metaphors, taken from F. Scott Fizgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby (1925), appear time and again in the planning and thinking of the New York shoreline, from Robert Moses’s plans for Flushing Meadow to Major Bloomberg’s waterfront development and Eric Sanderson’s vision of a 2406 New York in Mannahatta (2006). This article examines how the metaphors of the ‘valley of ashes’ and the ‘fresh green breast’ have been adapted throughout decades of planning New York City to accommodate changing relationships, conflicts and ideals, always infused by a pastoral undercurrent that is already questioned in Fitzgerald’s novel.     

Retaliation as a response to procedural unfairness: A self-regulatory approach.

When does procedural unfairness result in retaliation, and why do recipients of unfair treatment sometimes pursue and other times inhibit retaliation? Five studies addressed these questions. The authors proposed and found that regulatory focus moderates retaliation against an unfairness-enacting authority: Promotion-focus participants were more likely to retaliate than prevention-focus participants. Promotion focus was associated with, and also heightened the accessibility of, the individual self. In turn, individual-self accessibility influenced retaliation. In fact, prevention-focus participants were as retaliatory as promotion-focus participants under conditions of high individual-self accessibility. Implications for the procedural fairness and regulatory focus literatures are discussed, and suggestions for future research are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Solving compare problems: An eye movement test of Lewis and Mayer's consistency hypothesis.

According to A. Lewis and R. E. Mayer's (1987) simulation model for understanding compare problems, students make more comprehension errors when the order of the terms in the relational statement is not consistent with the preferred order. Three eye movement experiments, designed to test a number of hypotheses directly derived from this model, are discussed. The 1st experiment with university students solving 1-step compare problems revealed no evidence in favor of the model; the data of the 2nd experiment with 3rd graders, on the other hand, provided good support. To explain the results of the 1st experiment, a 3rd experiment was carried out in which university students were given a set of 2-step compare problems. The results from that study also fit with the model well, suggesting that the model holds true only when the task puts some cognitive demands on the S. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Variable dimension algorithms for solving resistive circuits

Variable dimension algorithms are a recent class of globally convergent algorithms for solving sets of non-linear equations. This paper introduces a simple circuit-theoretical interpretation of the underlying idea and describes its advantages as compared to the globally convergent methods better known in circuit theory, such as the generalized Katzenelson algorithm. the convergence criterion is also stated in topological terms, and these conditions turn out to coincide with very general sufficient conditions for existence of solutions. the approach taken here can therefore be seen as a constructive way to prove solvability of resistive circuits. the paper also discusses how to implement the algorithm in an efficient and practical way.     

Structural consequences of Nb-substitution into Bi2WO6 and Bi2MoO6: high-resolution electron microscopic observations

High resolution electron microscope investigations have revealed planar structural discontinuities in Nb-substituted Bi₂WO₆ and Bi₂MoO₆. These features correspond to a type of layer overlap and a modified crystallographic shear respectively, and form the structural basis of a solid solution series.