激光二极管阵列侧面对称抽运薄片激光器

对激光二极管(LD)阵列5向侧面对称抽运Nd∶YAG薄片激光器进行了实验和模拟研究。薄片激光器的耦合系统由消像差透镜组和空心光波导组成,采用15mm×1.5mm的Nd∶YAG薄片进行初步实验,实验得到薄片激光器的激光输出平均功率为65.7W,光-光转换效率为10.5%,同时增益介质内具有较理想的荧光分布。同时考虑激光二极管在快轴和慢轴方向的发散特性及增益介质侧面的散射特性,采用光线追迹法,模拟并分析了增益介质内抽运光分布,模拟结果表明耦合系统具有88.3%的耦合效率,同时增益介质内具有较理想的抽运光分布,且与实验结果相吻合。     

Micro- and Nanostructure of Zn Whiskers and Their Coating

To understand the mechanisms at the origin of whisker formation and growth, a Zn-electroplated steel prone to whiskering was studied. Several samples were prepared from different locations of the electroplated plate. Care was taken to extract samples at the root, in the nodule, or away from whiskers. Samples were characterized using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Crystallographic data from EBSD show that recrystallized regions are present at the root of whiskers and in their nodules. These observations support whisker growth models based on recrystallization. In addition, atom probe tomography samples were prepared in the center of whiskers. The distribution of Zn atoms is almost homogeneous and no impurities are present in the whiskers.     

A Supermolecular Photosensitizer with Excellent Anticancer Performance in Photodynamic Therapy

A supermolecular photosensitizer with excellent anticancer behavior when used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) is fabricated by the incorporation of zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc) into the gallery of a layered double hydroxide (LDH). The composite material possesses uniform particle size (hydrodynamic diameter ～120 nm), and the host–guest and guest–guest interactions result in a high dispersion of ZnPc in a monomeric state in the interlayer region of the LDH matrix, with high singlet oxygen production efficiency. In vitro tests performed with HepG2 cells reveal a satisfactory PDT effectiveness of the ZnPc(1.5%)/LDH composite photosensitizer: a cellular damage as high as 85.7% is achieved with a rather low dosage of ZnPc (10 μg/mL). An extraordinarily high specific efficacy is demonstrated (31.59 μg^?1 (J/cm²)^?1), which is over 185.5% enhancement compared with the previously reported photosensitizers under similar test conditions. Furthermore, an in vivo study of the ZnPc(1.5%)/LDH demonstrates excellent PDT performance with an ultra‐low dose (0.3 mg/kg) and a low optical fluence rate (54 J/cm²). In addition, the ZnPc/LDH photosensitizer displays high stability, good biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity, which would guarantee its practical application. Therefore, this work provides a facile approach for design and fabrication of inorganic–organic supermolecular materials with greatly enhanced anticancer behavior.     

A second-order blind source separation method for bilinear mixtures

In this paper, we are interested in the problem of Blind Source Separation using a Second-order Statistics (SOS) method in order to separate autocorrelated and mutually independent sources mixed according to a bilinear (BL) model. In this context, we propose a new approach called Bilinear Second-order Blind Source Separation, which is an extension of linear SOS methods, devoted to separate sources present in BL mixtures. These sources, called extended sources, include the actual sources and their products. We first study the statistical properties of the different extended sources, in order to verify the assumption of identifiability when the actual sources are zero-mean and when they are not. Then, we present the different steps performed in order to estimate these actual centred sources and to extract the actual mixing parameters. The obtained results using artificial mixtures of synthetic and real sources confirm the effectiveness of the new proposed approach.     

Electrolyte Interphase Built from Anionic Covalent Organic Frameworks for Lithium Dendrite Suppression

Lithium (Li) metal batteries hold considerable promise for numerous energy-dense applications. However, the dendritic Li anode produced during Li⁺/Li deposition-stripping endangers battery safety and shortens cycle lifespan. Herein, an electrolyte interphase built from 2D anionic covalent organic frameworks (ACOF) is coated on Li for dendrite suppression. The ACOF with Li⁺-affinity facilitates rapid and exclusive passage of Li-ions from the electrolyte, yielding near-unity Li⁺ transference number (0.82) and ionic conductivity beyond 3.7 mS cm^-1 at the interphase. Such high transport efficiency of Li-ions can fundamentally circumvent the Li⁺ deficiency that results in dendrite formation. Pairing the ACOF-coated Li against a high-voltage LiCoO₂ cathode (4.5 V) achieves exceptional cycle stability, mitigated polarization, as well as improved rate capability. Accordingly, this strategy vastly expands the pool of electrolyte interphases that can be used for coating and protecting Li anode.     

Object tracking with particle filtering in fluorescence microscopy images: application to the motion of neurofilaments in axons

Neurofilaments are long flexible cytoplasmic protein polymers that are transported rapidly but intermittently along the axonal processes of nerve cells. Current methods for studying this movement involve manual tracking of fluorescently tagged neurofilament polymers in videos acquired by time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. Here, we describe an automated tracking method that uses particle filtering to implement a recursive Bayesian estimation of the filament location in successive frames of video sequences. To increase the efficiency of this approach, we take advantage of the fact that neurofilament movement is confined within the boundaries of the axon. We use piecewise cubic spline interpolation to model the path of the axon and then we use this model to limit both the orientation and location of the neurofilament in the particle tracking algorithm. Based on these two spatial constraints, we develop a prior dynamic state model that generates significantly fewer particles than generic particle filtering, and we select an adequate observation model to produce a robust tracking method. We demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of our method by performing tracking experiments on real time-lapse image sequences of neurofilament movement, and we show that the method performs well compared to manual tracking by an experienced user. This spatially constrained particle filtering approach should also be applicable to the movement of other axonally transported cargoes.     

IA-64微处理器系统级验证平台的设计与实现

探讨了微处理器验证的关键技术.针对IA-64微处理器芯片设计验证,设计了系统级软硬件协同验证平台;并成功验证了自主设计的IA-64微处理器的正确性和兼容性.该平台提高了验证效率和质量.     

基于3D卷积联合注意力机制的高光谱图像分类

由于高光谱图像存在较高的数据维数,会给分类过程带来一些困难。为了提高分类的准确率,提出了一种使用3D卷积联合注意力机制的高光谱图像分类方法。首先,将中心像素与周围相邻的其它像素进行配对,可以通过配对构成多组新的像素对,充分利用了像素之间的邻域相关性。接着,将像素对放入3D卷积联合注意力机制网络框架中进行分类,它能够对高光谱图像中的特征进行选择性的学习。最后,通过投票策略获得像素标签。实验是在两个真实的高光谱图像数据集上进行。结果表明,所提出的方法充分挖掘了高光谱图像的光谱空间特征,能有效地提高分类精度。     

Oxygen‐Deficient Bismuth Oxide/Graphene of Ultrahigh Capacitance as Advanced Flexible Anode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors

Oxygen‐deficient bismuth oxide (r‐Bi₂O₃)/graphene (GN) is designed, fabricated, and demonstrated via a facile solvothermal and subsequent solution reduction method. The ultrafine network bacterial cellulose (BC) as substrate for r‐Bi₂O₃/GN exhibits high flexibility, remarkable tensile strength (55.1 MPa), and large mass loading of 9.8 mg cm^?2. The flexible r‐Bi₂O₃/GN/BC anode delivers appreciable areal capacitance (6675 mF cm^?2 at 1 mA cm^?2) coupled with good rate capability (3750 mF cm^?2 at 50 mA cm^?2). In addition, oxygen vacancies have great influence on the capacitive performance of Bi₂O₃, delivering significantly improved capacitive values than the untreated Bi₂O₃ flexible electrode, and ultrahigh gravimetric capacitance of 1137 F g^?1 (based on the mass of r‐Bi₂O₃) can be obtained, achieving 83% of the theoretical value (1370 F g^?1). Flexible asymmetric supercapacitor is fabricated with r‐Bi₂O₃/GN/BC and Co₃O₄/GN/BC paper as the negative and positive electrodes, respectively. The operation voltage is expanded to 1.6 V, revealing a maximum areal energy density of 0.449 mWh cm^?2 (7.74 mWh cm^?3) and an areal power density of 40 mW cm^?2 (690 mW cm^?3). Therefore, this flexible anode with excellent electrochemical performance and high mechanical properties shows great potential in the field of flexible energy storage devices.     

用于个人局域网的超宽带技术研究

近年来 ,随着各种短距离无线通信技术的发展 ,学术界提出了新的概念 :个人局域网 (PersonalAreaNet work ,PAN)。首先简要介绍了超宽带 (UltraWideband)概况 ,然后着重分析介绍了用于无线个人局域网的超宽带技术 ,分析结果表明 ,超宽带通信是一项很有发展潜力的高速无线接入技术。