社上水库大坝加固处理效果评价

通过分析水库加固处理前后大坝测压管水位和渗漏量的变化,评价大坝加固处理的质量和效果,表明社上水库大坝加固处理措施合理,且效果良好,质量较高,为大坝加固处理效果评价探索了一种简单、有效的方法.     

陕北年径流序列的谱分析研究

径流周期识别是径流模拟预测的依据。基于功率谱和极大熵谱分析原理,进行了陕北地区12个测站的年径流序列的周期识别。结果表明：最大熵谱分析具有高分辨率的周期识别的特点,陕北地区的年径流一般具有2－4年、11年左右和18－24年的水文周期。对于年径流序列长度大于35年的测站,功率谱分析和最大熵谱分析的分析结果一致,但是对于序列长度小于35年的序列,功率谱分析表现出分辨率低的不足;最大熵谱分析具有分辨率高的特点,提取的主要周期符合实际。     

Fatty acid composition and CLA content in goat milk and cheese samples from Umbrian market

Goat dairy products are considered as a suitable alternative to cow milk products for some special categories of consumers (infants, old, and convalescent people). In the present research, a study on the lipid fraction of commercial goat milk and cheese samples purchased from Umbrian market was carried out. Particular attention has been paid to evaluating conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content and determining some interesting nutritional indexes. The results of goat milk samples showed that saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were on average 71.2, 23.4, and 3.8 %, respectively. CLA content (cis-9, trans-11 isomer) was on average 11.5 mg/100 g in milk. Considerable variability was observed for n6/n3 ratio that varied from 2.7 to 10.6 in the considered goat milk samples. With regard to goat cheese samples CLA concentration was on average 118.8 mg/100 g in fresh cheese and 217.7 mg/100 g in semi-hard cheese, and the difference was not significant. Interestingly, α-linolenic acid content was higher and n6/n3 ratio was lower in semi-hard with respect to fresh cheese samples (p < 0.05).     

PVAm/淀粉复合物在再生浆中的应用

通过聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的霍夫曼反应得到的聚乙烯胺（PVAm）与淀粉共混制备PVAm/淀粉复合物。在中性造纸条件下,PVAm/淀粉复合物对再生浆具有显著的助滤和纸张增强作用。当添加量为0.5%（对绝干浆）时,样品SF-1502的纸张干抗张强度增加33.3%,湿抗张强度提高2倍,打浆度降低41.3%。     

不同养地方式下烤烟根系差异蛋白质组学分析

通过分子生物学手段即根系差异蛋白质组学分析不同养地方式处理对烤烟生长的影响。结果表明,共有39个蛋白质表达丰度发生明显变化,LC-MS/MS成功鉴定24个差异蛋白质点。经生物信息学分析,其中22个蛋白质的功能得到鉴定,其中2个与香气有关的蛋白,转酮醇酶、GDP-甘露糖-3’,5’-表异构酶(GME),这两个蛋白在稻草回田上调表达,有助于烟草品质提高,而紫云英处理下调表达,不利于品质提高。还鉴定到涉及多种信号转导、物质运输、蛋白质代谢、能量代谢等途径的蛋白,均对烟草生长发育起重要作用,这些酶在稻草回田处理和紫云英回田处理上调表达,促进烟草的生长,而在冬闲处理下调表达,生长较弱。研究结果显示,稻草回田有利于烟草的生长,有利于提高烟草产量和品质且经济效益较好。     

Ecological Compensation Estimation of Soil and Water Conservation Based on Cost-Benefit Analysis

Soil and water conservation ecological compensation can be simply defined as a monetary payment to offset the environmental loss. An illustration is given in this study describing the payment compensation to water resource conservation and soil losses in Erlongshan reservoir catchment, China. A semi-distributed hydrological SWAT model was applied to establish compensation standard considering six scenarios of land use changes by combined application of remote sensing and geographic information systems. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) method is applied to evaluate the function of soil and water conservation, of which marginal opportunity cost and market value methods have been explored calculate the cost and benefit of water and soil conservation ecological function from provider and beneficiaries. Finally the ecological compensation of soil and water conservation for different land-use scenarios is calculated incorporating benefit apportion coefficient. The results provide an economically evaluated and market-oriented standard for the study of eco-compensation of environmental services and will be of great benefit to the implementation of soil and water conservation at a mesoscale catchment scale.