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排序方式: 共有1697条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Mauro Epifani Marco Alvisi Luciana Mirenghi Gabriella Leo Pietro Siciliano Lorenzo Vasanelli 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2001,84(1):48-54
A chloride-based inorganic sol–gel route was used for preparing pure and metal (osmium, nickel, palladium, platinum)-doped SnO2 sol. SnCl4 was first reacted with propanol, then the resulting compound was hydrolyzed and subsequently mixed with solutions of the metal dopants. The obtained sols were used for depositing thin films by spin coating or for preparing powders by solvent evaporation at 110°C. FTIR spectroscopy and thermal analysis of the powders revealed that chlorine still bound to tin stabilized the sol against gelation by hindering the condensation reactions. Film characterizations showed that platinum and palladium, unlike nickel and osmium, were likely to form nanoparticles in the SnO2 lattice. This result was discussed with regard to the different ways that platinum and palladium, on one hand, and nickel and osmium, on the other, modified the growth of SnO2 grains and the film roughness and morphology. Dopants that formed nanoparticles (platinum, palladium) resulted in the roughest film, while dopants that did not form particles (nickel, osmium) resulted in SnO2 grain size very close to that of pure SnO2 . 相似文献
92.
Daniele Viciani Lorella Dell’Olmo Antonio Gabellini Daniela Gigante Lorenzo Lastrucci 《Landscape Research》2018,43(7):952-964
Widespread trends of abandonment have strongly affected Mediterranean mountains after the Second World War, triggering spontaneous recolonisation of forests. A diachronic analysis of the landscape in a Natura 2000 site (Tuscany, Italy) was carried out using digital aerial photographs (1954, 2013) and a GIS-based methodology, focusing on territories above 1300 m a.s.l. The detected variations of total areas, patch shape, patch dimensions and selected metrics showed a notable shift of the vegetation towards woody types and a drastic reduction of open grasslands, some with high conservation value, accompanied by a strong increase in patch number, surface and edge. A decrease of SDI and SEI diversity indices was also observed. Considering that fragmentation is one of the main causes threatening habitats and species, our results point out a clear necessity for a monitoring programme and suitable actions aimed at improving the status of biodiversity-rich montane grasslands. 相似文献
93.
Francesco Andreatta Luca Paussa Paolo Aldighieri Alex Lanzutti Dominik Raps Lorenzo Fedrizzi 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2010
Design, development and scale-up of environmentally friendly coatings are very important in order to replace chromate based coatings for aluminium alloys. Barrier properties, paint adhesion and possibly self-healing ability are relevant aspects for replacement of chromate-based pre-treatments. Sol–gel materials are candidates for use in protective coating applications, as it is possible to form highly adherent and chemically inert oxide films on metal substrates. 相似文献
94.
Vicente Pacheco Raul Cardoso-Gil Lorenzo Tepech-Carrillo Yuri Grin 《Corrosion Science》2011,(7):2368-2373
The corrosion of thermoelectric clathrates α- and β-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x is studied under static air (DSC/TG) up to 650 °C. Oxidation product layers with thicknesses of 10.5 μm (α-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x) and 4.5 μm (β-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x) are formed. The oxidation begins at 360 and 380 °C, respectively. XRD pattern of the β-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x oxidized layer shows Ge and four Eu2O3 reflections; while α-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x data (sample crushed and grinded) shows α-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x reflections (majority phase), two EuGa2±xGe4?x strongest reflections and Ge (minority phases). These results indicate the amount of oxides is very small or they are amorphous. High temperature powder XRD measurements on α-Eu8Ga16−xGe30+x under air confirm the oxidation onset temperature determined in DSC studies. 相似文献
95.
Delli Priscoli Francesco Di Giorgio Alessandro Lisi Federico Monaco Salvatore Pietrabissa Antonio Celsi Lorenzo Ricciardi Suraci Vincenzo 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2017,15(2):892-904
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - In the framework of the Future Internet, the aim of the Quality of Experience (QoE) Control functionalities is to track the personalized... 相似文献
96.
We discuss how vocal disorders can be post-corrected via a simple nonlinear noise reduction scheme. This work is motivated by the need of a better understanding of voice dysfunctions. This would entail a 2-fold advantage for affected patients: Physicians can perform better surgical interventions and on the other hand researchers can try to build up devices that can help to improve voice quality, i.e. in a phone conversation, avoiding any surgical treatment. As a first step, a proper signal classification is performed, through the idea of geometric signal separation in a feature space. Then through the analysis of the different regions populated by the samples coming from healthy people and from patients affected by T1A glottis cancer, one is able to understand which kind of interventions are necessary in order to correct the illness, i.e. to move the corresponding feature vector from the sick region to the healthy one. We discuss such a filter and show its performance. 相似文献
97.
Double dispatch is the ability to dynamically select a method not only according to the run‐time type of the receiver (single dispatch), but also according to the run‐time type of the argument. This mechanism unleashes the power of dynamic binding in object‐oriented languages, so enhancing re‐usability and separation of responsibilities. However, many mainstream languages, such as, e.g., C++ and Java, do not provide it, resorting only to single dispatch. In this paper we propose an extension of C++ (also applicable to other object‐oriented languages) that enables double dispatch as a language feature. This yields dynamic overloading and covariant specialization of methods. We define a translation from the new constructs to standard C++ and we present the preprocessor implementing this translation, called doublecpp . The translated code enjoys static type safety and implements the semantics of double dispatch by using only standard mechanisms of static overloading and dynamic binding, with minimal impact on the performance of the program. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
98.
Carlo Bellettini Lorenzo Capra Mattia Monga 《Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science》2005,128(4):59
Traditional support tools for software engineers, normally based on a client-server architecture, are unsuitable to deal with the new issues emerging from the current (and future) cooperative work scenarios (where connectivity is intrinsically transient, the number of interacting partners dynamically changes, etc.). This paper presents a quantitative assessment of a fully decentralized, peer-to-peer, cooperative infrastructure. Stochastic Well-Formed Nets (SWNs) modelling the new peer-to-peer architecture, and a traditional (client-server) one, are developed and analysed: we used SWNs for their ability to directly exploit the symmetries intrinsically present in the modelled systems, thus greatly reducing the complexity of the analysis. The main goal is to compare the impact of the two alternative protocols on the collaborative work. Together with the performance figures of interest, methodological issues concerning the choice of the most appropriate model abstraction level, the adoption of a compositional modelling approach, and the management of the model complexity are also discussed. 相似文献
99.
Casual message-logging protocols have several attractive properties: they introduce no blocking, send no additional messages
over those sent by the application, and never create orphans. Causal message logging, however, does require the casual effects
of the deliveries of messages to be tracked. The information concerning causality tracking is piggybacked on application messages,
and the amount of such information can become large.
In this paper we study the cost of tracking causality in causal message-logging protocols. One can track causality as accurately
as possible, but to do so requires piggybacking a considerable amount of additional information. One can reduce the amount
of piggybacked information on each message by reducing the accuracy of causality tracking. But then, causal message logging
may piggyback the reduced amount of information on more messages.
We specify six different methods of tracking causality, each representing a natural choice based on the specification of causal
message logging. We describe how these six methods can be implemented and compare them in terms of how large of a piggyback
load they impose. This load depends on the application that is using causal message logging. We characterize some applications
for which a given method has the smallest piggyback load, and study using simulation the size of the piggyback load for two
different models of applications.
Received: July 1999 / Accepted: July 2001 相似文献
100.
Gold electrodes were modified through chemisorption of 5-(octyldithio)-2-nitrobenzoic acid (ODTNB). ODTNB includes a long chain in a short-length thio acid, providing a heterogeneous-like alkanethiol layer after adsorption on gold electrodes. Membrane-bound enzymes, in particular D-fructose dehydrogenase (FDH), D-gluconate dehydrogenase (GADH), and L-lactic dehydrogenase (cytochrome b2) (Cyb2), were immobilized onto ODTNB-modified gold electrodes simply by adsorption. The short-length thio acid may provide electrostatic interactions with enzyme surface charges, while the alkanethiolate enables hydrophobic interaction with the largely lipophilic, membrane-bound enzymes. The immobilization of FDH, GADH, and Cyb2 onto ODTNB-modified gold surfaces has been studied with the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Spectrophotometric and electrochemical assays indicate that the immobilized enzyme retains its enzymatic activity after immobilization onto the ODTNB-modified gold surface. The amount of immobilized (and active) enzyme was estimated from QCM to be of the order of 2.5 x 10(-12)-5.3 x 10(-12) mol x cm(-2). A fructose biosensor was developed, making use of a gold surface modified with ODTNB and fructose dehydrogenase, employing hydroxymethylferrocene as a mediator in solution. Calibration curves exhibited a linear relation between the biosensor response and the substrate concentration up to 0.7 mM. Statistical analysis gave an excellent linear correlation (r = 0.9993) and a sensitivity of 6.1 mM(-1) fructose. The biosensor shows a significant stable catalytic current for at least 25 days. 相似文献