测量水平油水层状流相含率的平行线电容传感器

提出了一种用于水平油水层状流相含率测量的平行线电容传感器。采用有限元分析方法(FEM)考察了传感器灵敏场分布,分析了传感器几何参数对灵敏场影响;构建了传感器层状流下的有限元模型,计算得到了水平油水层状流条件下的传感器静态响应特性;在设计传感器测量系统基础上进行了传感器水平油水层状流相含率测量,结果表明,平行线电容传感器输出响应与有限元模型计算结果较好吻合,且对相含率具有较高的测量线性度及灵敏度。     

Response sensitivity analysis of the dynamic milling process based on the numerical integration method

As one of the bases of gradient-based optimization algorithms, sensitivity analysis is usually required to calculate the derivatives of the system response with respect to the machining parameters. The most widely used approaches for sensitivity analysis are based on time-consuming numerical methods, such as finite difference methods. This paper presents a semi-analytical method for calculation of the sensitivity of the stability boundary in milling. After transforming the delay-differential equation with time-periodic coefficients governing the dynamic milling process into the integral form, the Floquet transition matrix is constructed by using the numerical integration method. Then, the analytical expressions of derivatives of the Floquet transition matrix with respect to the machining parameters are obtained. Thereafter, the classical analytical expression of the sensitivity of matrix eigenvalues is employed to calculate the sensitivity of the stability lobe diagram. The two-degree-of-freedom milling example illustrates the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Compared with the existing methods, the unique merit of the proposed method is that it can be used for analytically computing the sensitivity of the stability boundary in milling, without employing any finite difference methods. Therefore, the high accuracy and high efficiency are both achieved. The proposed method can serve as an effective tool for machining parameter optimization and uncertainty analysis in high-speed milling.     

A novel method to prepare poly(vinyl alcohol) water-soluble fiber with narrowly dissolving temperature range

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an important water-soluble polymer. In this study, a novel method has been developed for preparing water-soluble PVA fiber with narrowly dissolving temperature range via wet spinning of partly acetalized PVA. The structures and properties of the fiber were characterized by IR, ¹H-NMR, DSC, WAXD, tensile strength tester, etc. IR and NMR spectra showed that acetal groups were successfully generated on the lateral chains of PVA with the catalysis of acid. As a small quantity of CH₂O was added, the introduction of the acetal group could reduce both the hydrophilicity of amorphous region and the crystallinity of PVA water-soluble fiber, and hence narrowed the dissolving temperature range of fiber. However, the dissolving temperature range was broadened with a further increase of CH₂O amount, because of the large decrease of crystallinity and crystallite perfection. When the CH₂O added amount reached up to 20%, the acetalized PVA was completely insoluble, so that the spinning process could not be carried out. The breaking strengths of most acetalized fibers were beyond 4 cN/dtex, which satisfied the ordinary use of industrial and domestic field. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Accommodation of China’s Industrial Heritage in Urban Conservation Practices (Ⅱ)

In recent years, the conservation of industrial heritage in China has gained increasing attention within the broader context of urban conservation practices. For both policy-makers and scholars, accommodating this industrial heritage will emerge as a pertinent issue for consideration as a growing number of industrial architectural legacies dating from the Republican and Maoist eras come under (re)development pressures. This paper thus traces the development of industrial heritage conservation practices in China and discusses several dilemmas intrinsic to this type of conservation, including issues of authenticity, representativeness, and distinction. Based on comparative case studies from China and other international precedents, this paper also seeks to illustrate the different approaches that could be pursued while still attaining a balance between competing interests and claims.     

丰满水电站重建工程三期独立运行计算机监控系统设计方案

正1概述丰满水电站始建于1937年的伪满时期,1943年第一台机组发电,1953年大坝建成,1959年一期机组(552.5 MW)全部投产,并在20世纪90年代陆续扩建了二期、三期厂房。丰满水电站总装机容量为1 002.5 MW,丰满水电站在东北电力系统中担负着发电、调峰、调频、事故备用等任务,是东北电力系统中的主力调峰电源和事故备用电源。由于工程建设于特殊性的历史时期,大坝设计与施工存在严     

Adsorption Behavior of Halogenated Anesthetic and Water Vapor on Cr‐Based MOF (MIL‐101) Adsorbent. Part I. Equilibrium and Breakthrough Characterizations

A synthesized chromium‐based metal organic framework (Cr‐MOF) was used for the adsorption of halogenated anesthetics, i.e., sevoflurane (SF). Adsorption isotherm and breakthrough experiments involving SF (reference sorbate) and water vapor were measured at 298 K and atmospheric pressure on both Cr‐MOF and a commercially used reference adsorbent. The Cr‐MOF MIL‐101 showed a significantly higher SF adsorption capacity and much higher selectivity relative to water vapor compared to the reference adsorbent. Binary‐mixture breakthrough tests demonstrated a “roll‐up effect” for SF on the reference adsorbent while no such effect was observed on MIL‐101.     

湖北利川福宝山盆地三叠统含盐层系中盐溶角砾岩的特征及其成因意义

福宝山盆地位于川东-鄂西地区,是中国东部重要的含盐层系盆地,共包含4个含盐层系,分别为嘉陵江组二段、四段、五段和巴东组一段。由于受到地表水的溶蚀和淋滤,岩溶塌陷普遍发育,构成呈层分布的盐溶角砾岩带。该区盐溶角砾岩可分为3种类型,碳酸盐质盐溶角砾岩、泥质盐溶角砾岩和杂砾盐溶角砾岩。盐溶角砾岩的成因指示了其成盐环境,为寻找地下盐类矿床指明方向。     

中国美容医疗设备及其技术进展

近些年随着人们生活水平的提高,中国人在美容方面的需求不断加大,使得医学美容行业的发展极具活力,与之相应的美容医疗设备及技术的未来市场容量将非常可观。     

Betacyanins in dragon fruit peels: the kinetic models of their degradation under different treatment conditions

In this study, after purification, the content of betacyanins in dragon fruit peels was 9.22 mg g⁻¹ dry sample. The stability of betacyanins under the effect of different concentration of metal cation (K⁺, Na⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Al³⁺) solutions and sugars (glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose and lactose) solutions was observed. The results showed that 10% lactose and 0.08 mol L⁻¹ potassium chloride solution increased the stability of betacyanins and could be used as stabiliser agents. The degradation reaction under different temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 °C), pH (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0) and light conditions (light and dark) of mixed solution (betacyanins and stabiliser), including aqueous pigments solution (APS), lactose pigments solution (LPS) and potassium chloride pigments solution (PCPS), accorded with the first-order reaction kinetics. The t_1/2 values (the hours needed for 50.0% degradation of betacyanins) of LPS even up to 330.0 h at 20 °C and dark condition.