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81.
DW Morck JK Merrill BE Thorlakson ME Olson LV Tonkinson JW Costerton 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,202(2):273-277
The prophylactic administration of injectable tilmicosin for pneumonia in weaned beef calves was investigated in 1,806 animals. Comparisons were made among calves receiving an "on-arrival" injection of tilmicosin, calves receiving a single injection of long-acting oxytetracycline, and calves receiving no prophylaxis. Morbidity and mortality attributable to pneumonia, morbidity and mortality attributable to all causes, and case fatality were significantly lower in the group of calves that received tilmicosin, compared with calves that received long-acting oxytetracycline and calves that received no prophylactic antibiotic. Mean time to initial pneumonia treatment was significantly extended in calves that received prophylaxis, compared with those that received no antibiotic on arrival at the feedlot. Calves that received tilmicosin gained significantly more weight than calves that received oxytetracycline. Calves that were not treated for pneumonia during the trial period gained significantly more weight than did those calves that were treated for pneumonia regardless of experimental group. The majority of mortalities were attributable to fibrinous pneumonia (31/34). Important bacterial isolates (Pasteurella spp, Haemophilus somnus, Actinomyces pyogenes) obtained at necropsy did not have resistance to tilmicosin in association with administration of tilmicosin as prophylaxis for pneumonia. However, bacterial resistance to trimethoprim/sulfonamide and to oxytetracycline were commonly found in these postmortem isolates. 相似文献
82.
BG Rehnberg BI MacKinnon TP Hettinger ME Frank 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,101(3):453-465
Beidler's work in the 1950s showed that anions can strongly influence gustatory responses to sodium salts. We have demonstrated "anion inhibition" in the hamster by showing that the chorda tympani nerve responds more strongly to NaCl than to Na acetate over a wide range of concentrations. Iontophoretic presentation of Cl- and acetate to the anterior tongue elicited no response in the chorda tympani, suggesting that these anions are not directly stimulatory. Drugs (0.01, 1.0, and 100 microM anthracene-9-carboxylate, diphenylamine-2-carboxylate, 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate, and furosemide) that interfere with movements of Cl- across epithelial cells were ineffective in altering chorda tympani responses to 0.03 M of either NaCl or Na acetate. Anion inhibition related to movements of anions across epithelial membranes therefore seems unlikely. The chorda tympani contains a population of nerve fibers highly selective for Na+ (N fibers) and another population sensitive to Na+ as well as other salts and acids (H fibers). We found that N fibers respond similarly to NaCl and Na acetate, with spiking activity increasing with increasing stimulus concentration (0.01-1.0 M). H fibers, however, respond more strongly to NaCl than to Na acetate. Furthermore, H fibers increase spiking with increases in NaCl concentration, but generally decrease their responses to increasing concentrations of Na acetate. It appears that anion inhibition applies to taste cells innervated by H fibers but not by N fibers. Taste cells innervated by N fibers use an apical Na+ channel, whereas those innervated by H fibers may use a paracellularly mediated, basolateral site of excitation. 相似文献
83.
ME Lamb 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1978,49(4):1189-1192
24 infants and their preschool-aged siblings were observed in a laboratory playroom in the presence of their parents. Observations took place when the infants were 12 months old and again 6 months later. Analysis of the social behavior revealed that, at both ages, the children assumed differentiable roles in their interactions: The infants "followed" by observing and imitating while the preschoolers "led" by drawing the infants' attention and by assertive dominance. Over time, infants became increasingly willing to direct social behaviors toward their siblings. There was remarkable behavioral stability across time, with the infants' early propensities seemingly causally related to later pre-schoolers' behavior. Older girls directed more social behaviors to siblings than boys did. The amount of parent-directed behavior was affected by the number of adults present, whereas the amount of sibling-directed behavior was unaffected. 相似文献
84.
During 6 months of post-natal development in the laboratory, the weight of the adrenal gland relative to body weight decreases exponentially. In the 3 day-old duckling a single intravenous dose of labelled corticosterone becomes distributed in a very large apparent volume and an "extracellular" pool that is greater than the extracellular fluid volume and the pattern of disappearance of labelled hormone from plasma is biphasic. Later during development the volumes of distribution decrease and the biphasic pattern of disappearance becomes less distinct until at 6 months only one phase of disappearance can be detected with confidence. No significant change in plasma corticosterone concentration occurs during this period of development in the laboratory. Estimations of the corticosterone secretory rates, however, indicate that whereas the adrenal weight-specific rate os secretion increases during the first 3 weeks and declines therafter, the bodyf weight-specific secretory rate continues to decline throughtout the period of increasing body weight. 相似文献
85.
在一次系统故障过程中。输电线路的两套高频保护装置CSL-101B型和LFP-901B型动作行为不一致。本文就此展开分析,以达到正确理解两种保护动作行为的目的。并对加强高频保护的现场管理提出意见。 相似文献
86.
Analysis of inorganic anions in drainage water and soil solution by single-column ion chromatography
Single-column ion chromatography (SCIC) for anion determination in drainage water and soil solution was tested. The SCIC minimum detection limits (100-microliter sample loop) were 0.75 mg l-1 for Cl-, 0.2 mg l-1 for NO2-N, 0.02 mg l-1 for NO3-N, 1.25 mg l-1 for HPO4-P, and 0.5 mg l-1 for SO4-S. The results showed a high reproducibility. Results for Cl-, NO3-N and SO4-S obtained by the SCIC method were compared with those obtained by traditional methods; Student's t-test and regression analysis showed that the methods agree closely. 相似文献
87.
88.
The paper describes the accurate calibration of the camera transformation for a vision system consisting of a camera mounted on a robot. The calibration includes an analysis of the linearity of the camera. A knowledge of the camera transformation allows the three-dimensional position of the object points to be determined using triangulation. 相似文献
89.
90.
This paper describes a tool to aid the development of computer vision applications for pixel-level diagnosis. A conceptual framework for constructing pixel processors is described. The proposed tool is based on two domains: one deals with numerical images, named features, and the other deals with symbolic images, named classes. A reduced set of image and operator types is defined. Based on it, an object-oriented language is described. The main objects define features and classes and their associated operators, namely procedures, classifiers, and rules. All system control is goal oriented and is designed to provide symbolic images as results when a request is received from a higher level of the image understanding system. Some knowledge engineering concepts, such as certainty control and instances, are also included. 相似文献