核分析技术在环境和医学研究中的应用

通过对汽车尾气颗粒物、同一污染源的不同粒径飞灰样品的分析,以及稀土元素对人和动物的毒性研究,获得了环境监测和方面的特定信息,展现了核分析技术在环境和医学中的广泛应用。     

棒束通道内定位格架搅混特性PIV可视化研究

定位格架作为燃料组件中重要的组成部件之一,不仅在结构上固定燃料棒,而且在燃料组件内热工水力性能同样显著,特别是对工质的搅混性能直接关系到反应堆的经济性和安全性,因此有必要对燃料组件内定位格架搅混特性进行研究。本文通过粒子图像测速（PIV）技术开展了棒束通道内定位格架上下游流场的可视化研究,对比了有无格架棒束通道内流场的分布特征,定量分析了定位格架对棒束通道流场搅混的贡献。对不同流速下定位格架下游横纵速度的沿程变化特性进行研究,发现了不同流速作用下定位格架对横向、轴向速度的促进和抑制规律。另外,通过速度均方根对下游的湍流特性进行了评估。实验结果可为数值计算提供全场的数据验证,并可为定位格架设计和优化提供基础。     

丙三醇缩水甘油醚改性脱细胞猪真皮基质的研究

研究了丙三醇缩水甘油醚（GPE）改性脱细胞猪真皮基质材料（pADM）的基本性能．通过考察不同温度、pH值、用量和反应时间对改性材料（GPE-pADM）性能的影响，初步探讨了改性条件与改性材料性能之间的关系．实验结果表明：反应温度37～42℃，pH值10．0～10．5，反应时间48-72h，用量8％时综合性能较好．交联后材料的接触角明显降低，且随着GPE用量的增加，接触角降低程度增大，表明交联提高了材料的亲水性能．     

交叉定位模糊区的精确几何分析

针对近似几何方式无法准确衡量交叉定位误差的问题,研究了交叉定位模糊区与目标方位的关系。基于精确几何法展开分析,通过对模糊区与目标几何关系的研究,数学推导得出模糊区的完整数学表达,描述了模糊区面积的变化规律。模糊区面积的最小值出现在两个测向站附近,测向交叉点(θ1=π/6,θ2=5π/6)的模糊区面积是局部极值,并与近似几何方式的结论进行了对比,讨论了两者的适用范围。在特定条件下,近似几何分析可以代替精确几何分析。通过仿真验证了相关结论的合理性,从而可实现定位策略的优化。     

不同干燥方法对南美白对虾品质的影响

干燥方法对南美白对虾品质具有重要影响。本文研究了热风干燥、冷风干燥、微波真空干燥3种干燥方法对南美白对虾色泽、虾青素含量、组织结构、质构和感官质量的影响。结果发现:干燥后L*下降,其大小依次为微波真空干燥>冷风干燥>热风干燥;虾青素含量降低,微波真空干燥产品虾青素含量最高,为77.5μg/g;热风干燥后肌纤维断裂严重,而冷风干燥和微波真空干燥产品肌纤维结构较为完整;干燥后南美白对虾硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性提高,其中微波真空干燥产品增加最为显著;感官方面,微波真空干燥产品口感风味更好。综合来看,微波真空干燥方法较为理想。      

轧钢技术的现状和新发展

介绍了最近十几年轧钢行业的技术进步、最新发展和目前的状况,分析了热轧带钢、宽厚板、冷轧、不锈钢生产的新技术新装备以及品种开发的方向和趋势.     

Smoothness maximization along a predefined path accurately predicts the speed profiles of complex arm movements

The speed profiles of arm movements display a number of regularities, including bell-shaped speed profiles in straight reaching movements and an inverse relationship between speed and curvature in extemporaneous drawing movements (described as a 2/3 power law). Here we propose a new model that simultaneously accounts for both regularities by replacing the 2/3 power law with a smoothness constraint. For a given path of the hand in space, our model assumes that the speed profile will be the one that minimizes the third derivative of position (or "jerk"). Analysis of the mathematical relationship between this smoothness constraint and the 2/3 power law revealed that in both two and three dimensions, the power law is equivalent to setting the jerk along the normal to the path to zero; it generates speed predictions that are similar, but clearly distinguishable from the predictions of our model. We have assessed the accuracy of the model on a number of motor tasks in two and three dimensions, involving discrete movements along arbitrary paths, traced with different limb segments. The new model provides a very close fit to the observed speed profiles in all cases. Its performance is uniformly better compared with all existing versions of the 2/3 power law, suggesting that the correlation between speed and curvature may be a consequence of an underlying motor strategy to produce smooth movements. Our results indicate that the relationship between the path and the speed profile of a complex arm movement is stronger than previously thought, especially within a single trial. The accuracy of the model was quite uniform over movements of different shape, size, and average speed. We did not find evidence for segmentation, yet prediction error increased with movement duration, suggesting a continuous fluctuation of the "tempo" of discrete movements. The implications of these findings for motor planning and on-line control are discussed.