Different Energy Saving Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Wireless Personal Communications - Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are one of the very active research area. They have many applications like military, health care, environmental monitoring and...     

Faecal Composition and Nitrogen Excretion of Rats Fed on Diets Containing Sweet Lupin (Lupinus angustifoliusL) or its Fractions

Five N balance studies were conducted to determine the faecal composition and N excretion of feeding raw Lupinus angustifolius seed meal and its fractions for growing rats using a semi-synthetic lactalbumin-based diet as control. Diets were formulated to have equal amounts of energy. The protein was incorporated at the level of 10% bulk and contained unsupplemented lupin seed meal (LMU) and fully supplemented lupin seed meal (LMFS) at 360 g kg⁻¹ diet, aqueous extract non-dialysed (LPAND) at 196 g kg⁻¹ aqueous extract dialysed soluble at pH 7·0 (LPAD) at 148 g kg⁻¹ aqueous extract dialysed insoluble at pH 7·0 (LPADI) at 124 g kg⁻¹, buffer dialysed soluble at pH 7·0 (BUSOL) at 136 g kg⁻¹, buffer dialysed insoluble at pH 7·0 (BUDI) at 119 g kg⁻¹ and lupin meal residue after aqueous and buffer extraction (LMR) at 170 g kg⁻¹ diet. Rats were pair-fed for 10 days with all the above diets which had been supplemented with essential amino acids up to the target requirements for rats. Faecal wet and dry weight were increased in rats fed on LMU, LMPS and LMR diets compared to those obtained from the control diet based on lactalbumin (milk protein) LACT. The higher faecal weight was largely due to water content. The higher faecal N excretion observed in LMU, LMFS, LPAND, LPAD, BUSOL, BUDI and LMR compared to that of LACT diet was significantly lower and thus which was assumed not to be due to a decrease in the digestibility of the dietary protein, which was over 90% as compared to that in the control group. Analysis suggested that an increase in endogenous N excretion is involved in the rise of its excretion in the faeces, and indicates a long-term effect of this seed as a protein and or fibre source in monogastrics.     

Synthesis and loss of activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in dividing plant cells

1. Using the technique of density-labelling with deuterium oxide, evidence has been obtained for the de novo synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (D-glucose-6-phosphate:NADPH+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.49), during the culture of synchronously growing plant cells. 2. The entire increase in enzyme activity during the early cell cycles in this material can be accounted for by the appearance of an enzyme species with increased buoyand density. 3. A method is described for resolving overlapping distribution profiles after density centrifugation, which allows estimation of the amount of each species present at different times, and calculation of the loss of activity of the light species present from the start of culture. 4. Loss of activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in normal growing conditions in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is very much faster than in conditions which do not lead to cell division: in the absence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, or in the presence of the inhibitor of RNA synthesis, 6-methylpurine.     

Isolation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from fecal specimens on mannitol salt agar

Kittens of 25 and 50 days of age were tested on a passive avoidance task in a 2-compartment black-white shuttle box. Latency to enter the dark side of the box was the same for both groups on Day 1, but the latency to enter the dark side on Day 2 was much shorter for the younger kittens. Other kittens were trained in a step-up active avoidance task also at 25 and 50 days of age. No differences were found in active avoidance performance between the younger and older animals, indicating that active and passive avoidance tasks may possibly reflect separate developmental processes that mature at different rates in the cat.     

Chronic hypersensitivity lung disease with recurrent episodes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to a contaminated central humidifer

A child with a 4-year history of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms of unknown aetiology was investigated for hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Lung disease due to inhalation of material from a contaminated central humidifier was suggested by the clinical history, the presence of precipitating antibodies in the serum against the humidifier water, a pulmonary response to challenge with the humidifier water, and marked improvement after removal of the humidifier. No fungi were cultured from the humidifier nor were antibodies against a number of fungal antigens identified by radioimmunoassay inhibition techniques. Antigenic material was found in the humidifier water and the household water prior to its reaching the humidifier. This antigenic material was not found in laboratory tap water supplied from the same general source (Lake Michigan) but from a different pumping station. Three of the child's siblings gave histories suggestive of a single concurrent episode of acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis and one sibling had a history suggestive of chronic hypersensitivity lung disease. No association could be found between HLA-haplotypy and disease in the patient and the siblings.     

Treatment of antral and duodenal bleeding ulcers by Guevara's catheter

The catheter is based on the principle of compression and tamponage, assuring and guaranteeing hemostasis at the base of the ulcer. This method is suitable for permanently controlling an acute hemorrhage in the event medical treatment fails and surgery is contraindicated. Emergency surgery is changed to elective surgery with all its advantages.     

Oxygen intake and walking speed before and after total hip replacement

The objective of the study was to evaluate the walking ability and the energy cost of walking in patients before and after total hip replacement. The oxygen intake and the maximum walking speed were measured immediately before and 6 months after operation in 25 patients. Although the oxygen intake did not change significantly in most patients it was decreased in those patients who before surgery had had the worst walking capacity. The average maximum walking speed almost doubled in the 25 patients.