氧化钆电解制备钆铁合金工艺试验

钆铁合金用在钕铁硼中取代金属钆,可提高钕铁硼合金收率,降低钕铁硼合金成本。本工艺采用熔融GdF3-LiF二元体系为电解质,阴极为纯铁,阳极为石墨,Gd2O3为原料,工业规模电解制备钆含量在75~80±1%的钆铁合金。本文对电解过程中电解质组成、电解温度、阴极规格、阴极电流密度、加料速度和阳极形状等因素对合金成份、稀土收率影响进行了试验研究。结果表明,在试验条件下可生产钆含量为75~80±1%的钆铁合金,电流效率大于68%,稀土直收率大于92%;产品含氧量小于0.05%,含Ca量小于0.01%,含W量小于0.01%,显著小于还原法生产的金属钆。     

A/O结合循环式活性污泥法处理海产品加工废水

针对海产品加工废水氨氮含量较高的特点。舟山兴业有限公司的污水处理工程采用两段A/O结合循环式活性污泥法工艺，工程验收合格后运行一年多来，排放废水的各项污染指标均达到国家《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）的二级标准，处理系统具有很好的抗冲击能力和脱氮效果。     

The Effects Of Humic Substances On Pinus Callus Are Reversed By 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The reversal of humic matter-induced inhibition of callus growth and metabolism by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was studied in Pinus laricio. Two forest humic fractions (relative molecular mass (M_r) > 3500), derived from soil under Fagus sylvatica (Fs) and Abies alba (Aa) plantation, were used. Pinus laricio callus was grown for a subculture period (4 weeks) on Basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium plus forest humic matters (Fs or Aa), at a concentration of 1 mg C/l, and then was transferred, for an additional four weeks, to a MS medium culture without humic matter, but with different hormones: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, 2 mg/1) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 0.5 mg/1) and/or 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP, 0.25 mg/1). Growth of calluse, glucose, fructose, and sucrose contents, and activities of soluble and bound invertases, glucokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, aldolase, and pyruvate kinase were monitored. The results show a negative effect of humic fractions on callus growth, due to decreased utilization of glucose and fructose, and decreased activities of glycolytic enzymes. The effects are reversible. Substitution of humic fractions with 2,4-D+BAP or 2,4-D is followed by an increase of glycolytic enzyme activities and, consequently, by the utilization of glucose and fructose that induces a restart of growth. In contrast, the inhibitory effects of humic fractions persist when they are substituted with BAP alone, indicating that only the auxin 2,4-D is capable of reversing the negative effects. A possible competitive action on the auxin-binding site between 2,4-D and the chemical structures in the forest humic fractions is suggested.     

Influence of sources of dietary oils on the life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats

In recent studies, the life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) rats was altered by a variety of dietary fats. It was relatively shorter in rats fed canola oil as the sole source of fat. The present study was performed to find out whether the fatty acid profile and the high content of sulfur compounds in canola oil could modulate the life span of SHRSP rats. SHRSP rats (47 d old, n=23/group) were matched by body weight and systolic blood pressure and fed semipurified diets containing 10% canola oil, high-palmitic canola oil, low-sulfur canola oil, soybean oil, high-oleic safflower oil, a fat blend that mimicked the fatty acid composition of canola oil, or a fat blend high in saturated fatty acids. A 1% sodium chloride solution was used as drinking water to induce hypertension. After consuming the diets for 37 d, five rats from each dietary group were killed for collection of blood and tissue samples for biochemical analysis. The 18 remaining animals from each group were used for determining their life span. The mean survival time of SHRSP rats fed canola oil (87.4±4.0 d) was not significantly different (P>0.05) from those fed low-sulfur canola oil (89.7±8.5 d), suggesting that content of sulfur in canola oil has no effect on the life span of SHRSP rats. The SHRSP rats fed the noncanola oil-based diets lived longer (mean survival time difference was 6–13 d, P<0.05) than those fed canola and low-sulfur canola oils. No marked differences in the survival times were observed among the noncanola oil-based groups. The fatty acid composition of the dietary oils and of red blood cells and liver of SHRSP rats killed after 37 d of treatment showed no relationship with the survival times. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of vegetable oils plays no important role on the life span of SHRSP rat. However, phytosterols in the dietary oils and in liver and brain were inversely correlated with the mean survival times, indicating that the differential effects of vegetable oils might be ascribed, at least partly, to their different phytosterol contents.     

竹红菌甲素和吲哚类化合物的相互作用

本文利用吸收光谱,荧光光谱研究了竹红菌甲素(以下简称HA)和吲哚类化合物的相互作用。发现HA和吲哚类化合物在一定条件下可形成复合物。这种复合物带有电荷转移性质。吲哚环上带有给电子取代基,位阻小,溶剂的极性大和溶液呈中性有利于该复合物的形成。     

溴氟菊酯防治大豆食心虫,大豆蚜,甘蓝夜蛾试验

１９９２～１９９５年用１０％溴氟菊酯乳油对大豆食心虫、大豆蚜、甘蓝夜蛾进行了小区试验。结果表明，该药对上述三种害虫具有良好的防效。ｌ０００倍液对大豆食心虫防治效果与２０％甲氰菊酯乳油２０００倍液相当，达到３９２．９％以上；用１０００～２０００倍液防治大豆蚜，药后７天防效达８８．５％以上；用５００～１５００倍液防治甘蓝夜蛾，药后７天均达到了８４．６％以上的防治效果。而且对作物安全。     

利用湿排粉煤灰及其它工业废渣研制蒸压砖

今年二月召开的全国建材局长会议指出墙体材料改革是一项十分紧迫而艰巨的任务,并强调发展节能、节土、利废的新型墙体材料,今年二月末,辽宁省人民政府又批发了“辽政发[1990]15号文”《关于限制毁田烧砖发展新型墙体材料的通知》,通知中明确要求积极发展并强制推广轻质、利废、节能的墙体材料。粉煤灰是电厂排出的工业废渣,就朝阳热电厂来说每年要排放粉煤灰近十万吨之多。我们以该电厂粉煤灰为主并掺加其它工业废渣进行了蒸压制砖的研究,取得了较好的结果。     

硅烷改性炭黑对胶料性能的影响

通过试验讨论了用ＴＥＳＰＴ改性处理的炭黑在橡胶配方中对胶料性能的影响。试验结果表明，ＴＥＳＰＴ改性后不仅可改善胶料的动态特性，而且有益于橡胶的补强。     

中小河流治理工程质量监督的探讨

以法律法规和行业规范为依据,针对工程建设实际,制定出规范的质量监督工作程序,运用科学的方法进行质量体系检查和工程实体检测,是中小河流治理工程质量监督工作的必要手段。     

流行性乙型脑炎活疫苗接种现场免疫效价监测及热稳定性观察

为了解乙脑活疫苗到达乡村接种现场后的效价和热稳定性，我们于1992年5月在大理州11个乡村接种现场，对成都生物制品研究所生产的冻干动脑活疫苗（在效期内）随机抽取相同批号样品，分别放冰箱（2～8℃）及室温（平均气温18．3～23．9℃），贮存至预防接种工作结束（5～9天，平均6．9天），再冷藏逐级上送至中国药品生物制品检定所，用蚀班法进行滴度检测。检测920111批8份、920215批2份、920221批1份，结果：冰箱组病毒滴度为5．18～5．81PFU／ml（5．465±0．1667）；室温组为5．29～5．72PFU／ml（5．428±0．1175）。两组疫苗病毒滴…