A note on the stability of CSDT methods for solving parabolic equations

In this note we study the stability aspects of CSDT methods for solving parabolic partial differential equations. We define two types of stability and discuss the stability of various CSDT methods.     

The Significance of multicomponent diffusional interactions in the process of condensation in the presence of a non condensable gas

Recent developments in the understanding of multicomponent heat and mass transfer have indicated that the so called “diffusional interaction effects” might be important in Engineering Design under certain conditions. It is shown that the significance of these multicomponent effects may be readily diagnosed in a given situation. By considering mixtures of various alkanes with nitrogen and hydrogen, it is shown that large “diffusional interaction ettects” are unlikely in condensation of two vapours in the presence of a non condcnsable gas.     

Effect of normal stress on yield asymmetry in high purity tantalum crystals

Resolved yield stresses were determined in tension and compression for ultra high vacuum degassed tantalum crystals as a function of orientation at 77 K and 197 K. The yield stress at 77K was a minimum for specimens oriented to slip on the (112) [111] system, and a maxi-mum for specimens oriented to slip on the (–112) [1–11] system. The yield stress in tension was less than the yield stress in compression for all orientations. However, at 197 K, the yield stress in tension was found to be greater than in compression for specimens oriented to slip on the (121) [111] system in agreement with the results of Lachenmann and Schultz,1 who also found that, for specimens oriented to slip on the (•112) [1–11] system, the yield stress in compression was higher than the yield stress in tension, as occurs at 77 K. This behavior may be explained by the influence of a normal stress on a lattice expansion which occurs when the leading 112 stacking fault of a dissociated core dislocation as described by Dues-beryet al ² begins to move. Formerly Graduate Student in Metallurgy and Materials Science at Case Western Reserve University     

Evoked response and kinesthetic measures of augmenting/reducing in schizophrenics: replications and extensions

The results of a 15 months' intensive study on seven flocks of indigenous goats in the Southern Darfur region of the Sudan are discussed in this paper. Birth rates in the region approached 2-1 kids per doe per year. A high total offtake of 28 per cent and a weighted average death rate of about 16-5 per cent were insufficient to offset this high birth rate and flock numbers are increased. Mortality in kids was unrelated to number of births. Weighted average rate of gain for all surviving kids was 87 g per day to 3 months and 67 g per day to 6 months of age. The growth rates of twin and single were similar, but triplet kids grew at a slower rate. For each kilogramme liveweight of breeding females, goats produced 1-5 and 8 times the weight of meat produced by sheep and cattle respectively under the same management and environmental conditions.     

Breast-feeding protects against respiratory syncytial virus infections

Eight out of 115 infants admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial (RS) virus infection had been breast-fed compared with 46 out of 167 controls; this difference was statistically significant. Twenty-one specimens of human colostrum were examined, and all contained RS virus neutralising activity. Specific IgA and IgG were detected in 18 specimens, whereas IgM was detected in none. The titre of IgA antibody was usually higher and correlated more closely to the titre of neutralising activity than that of IgG. Infants inhale milk feeds and regurgitate them through the nose, and the IgA collecting in the respiratory tract might protect against severe respiratory infection. Alternatively, if severe RS virus illness is a sign of hypersensitivity to the virus breast-feeding might protect the infant from an early sensitising infection.     

Licensed Psychologists on the Increase, 1974-1979.

Tracking the licensed psychologists in 10 target states revealed a 12% increase from 1974 to 1976 and a further 27% increase in the next three years, or a 42% growth over this five-year (1974-1979) period. Given an unduplicated count of 25,510 licensed psychologists nationally in 1976, these trends suggest a national projection, as of 1980, of 35,100 licensed psychologists residing in the United States, of whom 24,300 are clinically active doctoral-level, health service providers. Policy implications and variations among the states are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Are brook trout streams in western Virginia and Shenandoah National Park recovering from acidification?

Streamwater composition data obtained through periodic sampling of streams that support brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the mountains of western Virginia were examined for evidence of recovery from acidification during the 1988-2001 period. Measurements of sulfate deposition in precipitation indicate that sulfate deposition in the region declined approximately 40% between 1985 and 2000. While no significant regional trends in acid-base constituents were observed for the set (n = 65) of western Virginia study streams, significant regional trends were observed for a subset (n = 14) of streams in Shenandoah National Park (SNP). For the subset of SNP streams, the median increase in acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) was 0.168 microequiv L(-1) year(-1) and the median decrease in sulfate concentration was -0.229 microequiv L(-1) year(-1). Although these trends are consistent with recovery from acidification, the degree of apparent recovery is small compared to estimates of historic acidification in SNP streams and much less than observed in other, more northern regions in the United States. Correlation between sulfate concentration trends and current sulfate concentrations in streamwater suggests that recovery from stream acidification in the western Virginia region is determined by sulfur retention processes in watershed soils. A transient increase in nitrate concentrations that occurred among some western Virginia streams following forest defoliation by the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) complicates interpretation of the observed patterns of change in acid-base status.