PV system sizing using observed time series of solar radiation

Sizing represents an important part of photovoltaic system design. This paper describes a sizing procedure based on the observed time series of solar radiation. Using a simple geometrical construction, the sizing curve is determined as a superposition of contributions from individual climatic cycles of low daily solar radiation. Unlike the traditional methods based on loss-of-load probability, the reliability of supply enters in this method through the length of the time series of data used in the analysis. The method thus resembles techniques used in other branches of engineering where extreme values are considered as functions of certain recurrence intervals.     

Outcome of different treatment mixes in a multidimensional neuropsychological rehabilitation program.

Within a clinical demonstration program, 59 traumatically brain-injured patients were treated with 1 of 3 mixes of treatment. Mix 1 included cognitive remediation (CGR), small-group interpersonal (SGI) communication training, therapeutic community activities, and personal counseling. Mix 2 was similar to Mix 1 but stressed SGI exercises and eliminated CGR. Mix 3 emphasized CGR and eliminated SGI exercises. The efficacy of the treatment mixes was evaluated with performance on neuropsychological tests, improved independence in functional activities, measures of intra- and interpersonal functioning, and vocational outcome. Ss' participation in the program, irrespective of treatment mix, yielded improvements in (1) self-image, (2) quality of interpersonal relatedness and interaction, (3) involvement with others in naturalistic settings, and (4) vocational outcome. Overall, data point to the superiority of the balanced mix (Mix 1) over Mixes 2 and 3. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Influence of the deposition atmosphere on the characteristics of Pd–Mg thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

Bilayered palladium (30 nm thick)–magnesium (350 nm thick) thin films were prepared using the pulsed laser deposition technique in the presence of various background gases (Ar, He and a mixture He + H₂) under different partial pressures (47 and 27 Pa). According to the deposition atmosphere, the Pd/Mg interface shows either a sharp or an extended transition. The electrochemical hydriding properties and the mechanical stability upon cycling of the Pd/Mg film are greatly improved when an extended «intermixing» zone between the Pd and Mg layers is present. The Pd–Mg films prepared under pure helium fulfill these conditions.     

Stress in Dairy Farming and the Adoption of New Technology.

Previous studies have identified a number of different farm stressors and have reported gender and age differences in levels of stress. This study aimed to determine stress experienced by New Zealand dairy farmers, particularly in relation to adoption of new technology and its relationship to age and gender. Measures of farm stress and adoption of technology were completed by 985 dairy farmers. The highest levels of stress were reported for time pressures, machinery breakdown, weather, and government policies. Stress related to new technologies occurred rarely. Women reported more stress and higher levels of stress for understanding new technologies. There was also an increase in severity of stress with age related to new technologies. Overall, stress levels were moderate and may reflect favorable economic conditions. The findings suggest a need to tailor stress interventions to meet specific needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gait function in spastic hemiparetic patients walking barefoot, with firm shoes, and with ankle-foot orthosis

Cortical spreading depression is a wave of electrical and biochemical changes that spreads across the cerebral cortex. It has been hypothesized to be an important underlying cause of the visual disturbances occurring during the migraine aura, but this is difficult to test in animals or humans. We created a computational model of cortical spreading depression and found that during the wave of biochemical changes the spatial pattern of neural activity broke up into irregular patterns of lines and small patches of highly activated elements. The corresponding visual disturbances that would be produced by these patterns of neural activity resemble the hallucinations reported during the migraine aura, providing strong support for the cortical spreading depression hypothesis of migraine. The model also makes the testable prediction that these hallucinations move at an exponentially increasing speed across the visual field.     

码分多址（CDMA）技术和公用空中接口综述

本文主要讨论数字移动通信中扩频码分多址技术，阐明了ＣＤＭＡ体制的优越之外，分析了ＣＤＭＡ的关键技术，全面介绍了ＣＤＭＡ系统设计的基本原则和ＩＳ－９５－Ａ空中接口标准的含义。     

ART-EMAP: A neural network architecture for object recognition byevidence accumulation

A new neural network architecture is introduced for the recognition of pattern classes after supervised and unsupervised learning. Applications include spatio-temporal image understanding and prediction and 3D object recognition from a series of ambiguous 2D views. The architecture, called ART-EMAP, achieves a synthesis of adaptive resonance theory (ART) and spatial and temporal evidence integration for dynamic predictive mapping (EMAP). ART-EMAP extends the capabilities of fuzzy ARTMAP in four incremental stages. Stage 1 introduces distributed pattern representation at a view category field. Stage 2 adds a decision criterion to the mapping between view and object categories, delaying identification of ambiguous objects when faced with a low confidence prediction. Stage 3 augments the system with a field where evidence accumulates in medium-term memory. Stage 4 adds an unsupervised learning process to fine-tune performance after the limited initial period of supervised network training. Each ART-EMAP stage is illustrated with a benchmark simulation example, using both noisy and noise-free data.     

A GENERALIZED APPROACH TO MODELING THE HIERARCHICAL MAXIMAL COVERING LOCATION PROBLEM WITH REFERRAL

ABSTRACT Several investigators have developed hierarchically structured maximal covering location problems, especially for hierarchies with two levels such as clinics and hospitals: Moore and ReVelle developed and applied a hierarchical covering model to a medical service delivery problem in Houduras; and Church and Falon developed two alternate model forms of hierarchical covering that were applied to a medical services planning, problem in Colombia. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid formulation that encompasses all three of these previous models and which allows for the trade-off of up of four different objectives. This new model formulation is also an improvement in that it has a significantly more efficient and compact structure, even while encompassing a more complete location problem, of which the three previous works are special cases. Example solutions are given for two different data sels involving regions in Colombia and Uganda. In addition, two further model formulations of a closely related nature are presented without computational results.