催化裂化再生器中铂助燃剂催化活性的测定(Ⅰ)——在新助燃剂上CO氧化的反应动力学

研究了催化裂化再生条件下铂助燃剂上ＣＯ氧化反应动力学。在排除了反应管及稀释剂的催化氧化作用后，测定了铂含量为１０－６ｇ／ｇ的国产新助燃剂上的反应动力学数据，得出了在氧过量时一氧化碳和氧的反应级数分别为１和０．５。给出了６６０℃下的反应速度常数值及其置信区间。     

微灌管道局部水头损失扩大系数的修正

根据微灌水力学原理,修正了微灌管道局部水头损失扩大系数,并对影响局部水头损失扩大系数的因素进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:当微灌管道出水口较少及进口端长度不等于出水口间距时,采用修正后的微灌管道局部水头损失扩大系数可以提高管道总水头损失的计算精度。     

海上风机基础与塔架体系实时安全评估方法研究

海上风机所处环境恶劣,基础与塔架等支撑结构在使用阶段受到荷载和非荷载因素,会产生累积损伤和性能退化。为了实时掌握基础与塔架体系的运行状态及安全性,进行合理的检修与维护,提出了一种基于神经网络的实时安全评估方法。结果表明:结合风况、风机运行等信息,仅在风机基础及塔架关键部位设置少量监测设备即可满足安全实时评估的数据要求;考虑限值比较、单点误差分析、总体误差分析后,可对基础与塔架局部及整体安全性进行实时评价。经实例论证,预测结果与监测数据较为接近,具有较好的实用性,可为类似工程提供参考。     

基于过程控制技术对轮胎硫化过热水主管道振动问题的解决

首先介绍过程控制系统的基本概念、控制模型、质量指标，结合过程控制系统理论分析轮胎硫化过热水制造的控制过程，找出原来控制不稳定的原因，进行被控参数的改变，消除输送管道振动的问题。     

Stability analysis and controller design of interval type-2 fuzzy systems with time delay

The type-2 fuzzy models can handle the system uncertainties directly based on the type-2 fuzzy sets. In this paper, the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model approach is extended to the stability analysis and controller design for interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy systems with time-varying delay. Delay-dependent robust stability criteria are developed in terms of linear matrix inequalities by using the improvement technique of free-weighting matrices. Less conservative results are obtained by considering the information contained in the footprint of uncertainty. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. One is provided to show the merits of the proposed method, the other based on the continuous stirred tank reactor model is given to illustrate the design processes of IT2 fuzzy controller for a nonlinear system with parameter uncertainties.     

Bayesian estimation of Dirichlet mixture model with variational inference

In statistical modeling, parameter estimation is an essential and challengeable task. Estimation of the parameters in the Dirichlet mixture model (DMM) is analytically intractable, due to the integral expressions of the gamma function and its corresponding derivatives. We introduce a Bayesian estimation strategy to estimate the posterior distribution of the parameters in DMM. By assuming the gamma distribution as the prior to each parameter, we approximate both the prior and the posterior distribution of the parameters with a product of several mutually independent gamma distributions. The extended factorized approximation method is applied to introduce a single lower-bound to the variational objective function and an analytically tractable estimation solution is derived. Moreover, there is only one function that is maximized during iterations and, therefore, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is theoretically guaranteed. With synthesized data, the proposed method shows the advantages over the EM-based method and the previously proposed Bayesian estimation method. With two important multimedia signal processing applications, the good performance of the proposed Bayesian estimation method is demonstrated.     

用KF／Al2O3催化合成肉桂酸的研究

采用KF/Al2O3催化剂催化合成肉桂酸，用新催化剂催化反应可以降低反应温度。缩短反应时间。提高肉桂酸的产率，探索出了最佳反应条件；当反应温度控制在16℃，苯甲醛和乙酸酐的摩尔比1：3，用6.0gKF/Al2O3催化反应1.0h，得到肉桂酸的产率为85.4%。     

炼焦中煤深度降灰的研究

分析了中国炼焦煤的储量及利用情况，从利用中国优质煤炭资源的角度出发，以范各庄选煤厂1．40—1．60密度级中煤为实验煤样，以氯化锌为重液，采用浮沉方法将中煤按密度分级，各密度级煤样经磨细后，采用了絮团——浮选工艺，回收各密度中的低灰精煤；探讨从范各庄选煤厂中煤中分选出优质低灰精煤的条件。经过分级及分选后，在相同的分选密度的情况下，总精煤灰分可以降到8．14％以下。     

Variability of light absorption properties in optically complex inland waters of Lake Chaohu,China

Absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, colored detrital matter (CDM), non-algal particles (NAP), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and their relative contributions to total non-water absorption (a_t ? w) are essential variables for bio-optical and radiative transfer models. Light absorption properties showed large range and variability sampled at 194 stations throughout Lake Chaohu between May 2013 and April 2015. The a_t ? w was dominated by phytoplankton absorption (a_ph) and NAP absorption (a_d). The contribution of CDOM absorption to a_t ? w was lower than 30%. Phytoplankton and NAP were the primary sources of spatial and vertical variability in absorption properties. Light absorption by CDOM, though significant in magnitude, was relatively constant. CDM absorption (a_dg) was dominated by NAP. The spatial variation of the absorption coefficients from each of the optically active constituents were driven by several main inflow rivers in the western and middle part of Lake Chaohu. Algal blooms and bottom resuspension contributed to vertical variability as observed by phytoplankton and NAP profiles. Specific absorption of phytoplankton had significant spatial and seasonal variations without vertical variation. The spectral slope of absorption showed no significant spatial variability (p > 0.05). Variations of absorption affected different ranges of remote sensing reflectance (R_rs) spectrum, thereby increasing the difficulty of applying the remote sensing algorithm in optically complex waters. Parameters and relationships presented in this study provide useful information for bio-optical models and remote sensing of lakes similar to Lake Chaohu in terms of optical properties.     

有机酸对产丙二醇菌生长和生产的影响

为提高克雷伯氏肺炎杆菌厌氧发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的能力,在发酵过程中添加有机酸(OA),考察其对菌体生长、1,3-丙二醇及其他副产物合成的影响。实验表明:添加OA可促进菌体生长,加入质量浓度为0.2~0.5g/L的OA,菌体生长的菌液在590 nm处吸光度(OD)值比参照值高出30%;加入过量的OA(>1.0 g/L),则菌体生长受到抑制,OD值比参照值低37%;添加OA可促进单位细胞合成1,3-丙二醇,加入质量浓度为0.2~0.5g/L的OA,单位菌体的1,3-丙二醇质量浓度比参照高3.8%~17.5%;添加OA能提高甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的转化速率,加入0.2~0.5 g/L的OA,甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的最大转化速率达0.81 h-1。在15 L罐上批式发酵48 h,1,3-丙二醇最终质量浓度达42.9 g/L,甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的平均转化率达64%。