New refractory materials for the aluminum industry

A technology for production of andalusite-based refractory components for the lining of anode firing kilns is described. The formulation for a low-cement castable resistant to attack by molten aluminum is proposed. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 109–111, April, 2006. Based on materials reported to the conference “Aluminum of Siberia-2005.”     

Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone

The structure, composition, and kinetics of phase formation in the Ti-Cu system are investigated by metallographic and x-ray microanalytic methods. The diffusion zone of the model system consists of layers of solid solutions and intermetallic compounds, which have different thicknesses and interface structures.Institute of Problems in Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Kiev. Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 3/4(384), pp. 67–70, March–April, 1996. Original article submitted March 9, 1994.     

Nitrogen metabolic indices of infants fed a new milk mixture

The efficacy of utilization of the protein compound from Ladushka, a new formula mixture, was studied in infants of the first 6 months of life, starting from the neonatal period. The protein component of the mixture consisted of casein and decalcified whey proteins (1:1). Calcium content comprised 400 mg/l, and its ratio with phosphorus approached the values recommended for formula feeding. The mass volumes of accessible lysine and cystine, despite additional enrichment of the mixture with these amino acids, were considerably reduced versus the expected values, that may be explained by insufficiently sparing technology of preparation.     

Interaction of nitrides of group IV–V transition metals with chromium

The interaction of the nitrides TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, and TaN with chromium is studied in the temperature range 1600–1900°C in pure nitrogen and argon by x-ray, metallographic, and microdurometric analyses. The temperature T of the liquid phase that forms at the nitride-chromium interface is found to be below the melting point of pure chromium coressponds to the melting point of the eutectic composition of the solid solution and intermetallic compounds of the nitride-forming metal with chromium (with the exception of vanadium). The wetting temperature and the angles of contact of nitrides of group V transition metals are less than those of nitrides of group IV metals; they increase with the number of the nitride-forming metal in the group. The growth of the lattice parameter of most of the nitrides obtained after interaction with chromium is attributable to Cr atoms occupying vacant sites of the metalloid sublattices of the nitride. Intermetallic compounds such as MeCr₂, the nitride Cr₂N, and solid solutions of chromium in nitrides as well as solid solutions of the nitride-forming metal in chromium are formed in the liquid-phase interaction. Titanium nitride is the most stable of the nitrides studied. Institute for Materials Science Problems. Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev. Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya. Nos. 3–4, pp. 90–96, March–April, 1997.     

Structural and orientation events in aramid systems containing single-wall carbon nanotubules

The IR spectra of an aramid polymer system containing benzamidazole and benzodiimidoquinoid imidol fragments in the chains of the macromolecules show that the composition of flexible and rigid fragments in the chains of the macromolecules can be regulated by adding organic carbon nanomaterials in different process stages of manufacturing fibres and films. Fibres made from the single-wall carbon nanotubule (SCN) system have elevated elastic properties and high breaking loads.     

The Influence of Synthesis Temperature on the Phase Composition and Structure of Ternary Compounds Produced from TiH2–Si–C Powder Mixtures

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics - The paper examines the formation of phases and structure in ternary compounds produced by thermal synthesis from the TiH2–Si–C powder mixture. The...