三芳胺类空穴传输材料研究新进展

综述了广泛应用于有机光电器件的三芳胺类空穴传输材料的研究新进展,探讨了该类材料的分子设计思想,并对其分子结构与性能关系作了概述。     

CAN总线干扰发生器研制

本文研制了一种可以用来模拟CAN总线错误并能够干扰CAN总线物理层特性的CAN总线干扰发生器设备。该设备可以在用户配置下工作在不同的触发模式、产生不同的干扰模式,用来满足不同的CAN总线测试需要。文中详细介绍了CAN总线干扰发生器的功能及软硬件设计,最后的测试结果证明了CAN总线干扰发生器的有效性。     

共升华可控掺杂有机半导体薄膜材料的研究进展

综述了共升华可控掺杂有机半导体薄膜材料的特点、原理、材料体系、制备、光电性能以及表征手段,并简要介绍了其在光电器件中的应用,研究表明共升华可控掺杂是大幅度提高有机半导体材料性能的有效手段,并提出了设计和制备高性能共升华可控掺杂有机半导体薄膜材料的若干原则。     

国内外电动汽车充电设施发展状况研究

电动汽车是未来我国发展前景广阔的一种交通工具,电动汽车充电站为电动汽车运行提供能源补给,是发展电动汽车所必须的重要配套基础设施。比较了电动汽车几种充电方式的特点,介绍了国内外电动汽车充电设施的发展状况,对未来我国电动汽车充电的商业模式及发展前景进行了初步研究,提出积极推动电动汽车充电设施建设应是电网企业义不容辞的责任。     

Quantification of structural and material failure mechanisms across different length scales: from instability to brittle-ductile transitions

Structures may fail due to a myriad of different causes. Often, distinction is made between structural and material failure, that means a structure can fail, while the material is still intact (this is the case in so-called stability loss), or the material fails, which, as consequence, may lead to structural failure. The material behavior may turn out difficult to be mathematically guessed at the macro-level. On the other hand, a lot may be known about the chemistry or the microstructure of the material of interest. Herein, we aim at categorizing different scenarios which in the end provoke structural failure, discussing various cases investigated during the last five years, at the Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures of Vienna University of Technology: A well-chosen eigenvalue problem shows considerable potential for categorizing stability loss. We then turn to complex composite materials with a hierarchical organization, where a single constituent dominates the overall quasi-brittle failure of the material, such as lignin in wood and wood products, or the cement–water reaction products (shortly called hydrates) in cement-based materials. The picture changes if the first inelastically behaving constituent is related to ductile load carrying, then the loads within the microstructure are re-distributed before the overall material fails: this turns out to be the case in bone. Finally, due to highly confined multiaxial stress states, the elastic portion of the overall energy invested into the material may become negligible—and then yield design analysis employed on material volumes gives an idea of the highly ductile behavior of complex confined materials, such as asphalt. What integrates all the reported cases is the high capacity of mature mathematical and mechanical formulations to reveal the intricate, yet decipherable nature of the (continuum) mechanics of materials and structures.     

Orientation control of epitaxial Ge thin films growth on SrTiO3 (100) by ultrahigh vacuum sputtering

We report the orientation control of crystalline Ge (111) and Ge (001) growth on SrTiO₃ (100) substrate by adjusting the temperature of substrate. It is found that the substrate temperature plays an important role for the formation of crystalline Ge with different surface orientations and interfacial chemical configuration during the sputtering process. At 500 °C, Ge (111) with good crystalline quality is formed, while Ge (001) is preferably grown on SrTiO₃ substrate at 650 °C. Our results show the possibility of manipulating the surface orientations during Ge growth on SrTiO₃ by controlling the substrate temperatures.     

高压旋喷桩加固滨海地区软土地基沉降分析

为了分析高压旋喷桩加固后的软土地基沉降规律, 以天津滨海地区某软土地基加固工程为例, 基于两相多孔介质弹塑性本构模型对高压旋喷桩加固处理的软土地基沉降进行了数值分析。结果表明, 软基加固前地表沉降形式呈“锅底”型, 与实际观测情况相符, 沉降量随时间呈对数函数增长;高压旋喷桩加固软基效果明显, 可以有效减少软基地区的地表沉降;加固处理后的地面实际监测得到的沉降量小于数值模拟所得预测值, 加固效果良好, 高压旋喷桩可作为既有建筑物地基加固的首选方法。     

阳极氧化铝的原子层淀积封孔研究

制备了多孔阳极氧化铝,利用原子层淀积技术对其封孔,借助场发射扫描电镜(SEM)分析了样品的表面及剖面形貌,对样品进行染色处理,利用酸性点滴试验测试样品抗腐蚀性能。结果表明:阳极氧化处理形成大孔径约为16 nm的多孔膜,多孔膜在循环50次的原子层淀积下能实现表面封孔而内部有空结构;经封孔后的样品抗染色及抗腐蚀能力增强。     

Effect of Ag and Ti3SiC2 on Tribological Properties of TiAl Matrix Self-lubricating Composites at Room and Increased Temperatures

Dry sliding tribological properties of TiAl matrix self-lubricating composites (TMSC) containing Ag, Ti₃SiC₂, Ag and Ti₃SiC₂ were investigated from 25 to 800 °C under ball-on-disk test conditions against Si₃N₄ counterface under the same conditions of 10 N-0.234 m/s. The results indicated that the tribological properties were strongly dependent on the lubricant additives. TMSC with the addition of Ag and Ti₃SiC₂ (TAT) exhibited the lower friction coefficients (0.32–0.43) and less wear rates (1.23–4.13 × 10^?4 mm³ N^?1m^?1) in the wide temperature range of 25–800 °C. The excellent tribological properties of TAT over the wide temperature range were attributed to the synergetic effect of Ag and Ti₃SiC₂ lubricants, silver diffusion forming a rich-silver smooth tribo-film on the frictional surface of TAT at low and moderate temperatures from 25 to 400 °C, while Ti₃SiC₂ oxidation reaction forming rich-oxide tribo-film on the worn surface of TAT at higher temperatures of 600 and 800 °C.