Inhibition of TNFalpha attenuates infarct volume and ICAM-1 expression in ischemic mouse brain

The family physician occupies a front-line position in the detection and treatment of emotional problems and psychiatric illnesses. The practice pattern of the family physician necessitates an efficient, effective model of psychotherapy The BATHE technique is a brief psychotherapeutic method that addresses the patient's background issues, affect and most troubling problem. The emphasis of the interview then shifts to how the patient is handling the problem and a demonstration of empathy by the physician. Some of the challenges in psychotherapy are presented, and cases in which the BATHE technique was used are described.     

相关杂波的AR谱模型及其研究

研究了相关雷达杂波功率谱特性的ＡＲ模型及其模拟方法，提出了具有约束条件的修正ＬＥＶＩＳＯＮ递推算法和ＡＲ模型阶数估计方法，并与现有功率谱估计方法进行了比较，同时给出了计算机模拟结果。     

大体积同轴型锗(锂)探测器的半经验效率刻度法

本工作测定了136cm~3同轴型锗(锂)探测器在不同能量下的全能峰绝对效率。在引入有效作用深度后,用半经验参数法对实测的绝对效率值作了非线性最小二乘拟合。拟合值与实验值符合良好。     

Integrated lectin affinity microfluidic chip for glycoform separation

Lectin affinity chromatography was miniaturized into a microfluidic format, which results in improvement of performance, as compared to the conventional method. A lectin affinity monolith column was prepared in the microchannel of a microfluidic chip. The porous monolith was fabricated by UV-initiated polymerization of ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of porogeneities, followed by immobilization of pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA) on the monolith matrix. Using electroosmosis as the driven force, lectin affinity chromatographies of three kinds of glycoprotein, turkey ovalbumin (TO), chicken ovalbumin (CO), and ovomucoid (OM), were carried out on the microfluidic system. All the glycoproteins were successfully separated into several fractions with different affinities toward the immobilized PSA. The integrated system reduces the time required for the lectin affinity chromatography reaction to approximately 3%, thus, the overall analysis time from 4 h to 400 s. Only 300 pg of glycoprotein is required for the whole separation process. Moreover, troublesome operations for lectin affinity chromatography are simplified.     

The effect of mixing on reactor performance: an application of perturbation technique

The effect of local mixing on the performance of a reactor system is derived by the perturbation technique. It is found that the sign of the inner product of the adjoint vector λ and the acceleration vector ? is the only indicator as to whether or not local mixing at a certain point of a reaction path is desirable. A complex reaction system with competing side reactions of different order is treated as an example. The possibility of applying the results in this work to the selection of the optimal type of reactor is also discussed.     

Conformations of gas-phase lysozyme ions produced from two different solution conformations

Near pH 2.0, lysozyme in water is in its native conformation, and in water/methanol (2/8) it adopts a helical denatured conformation (Kamatari et al. Protein Sci. 1998, 7, 681-688). Hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange of lysozyme in solution confirms that it is partially unfolded at pH 2.0 in water/methanol (v/v = 2/8). With electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS), lysozyme in water produces ions with charges +7 to +12, with the greatest intensity at +10, whereas lysozyme in water/methanol (2/8) produces ions with charges +6 to +12 with the greatest intensity at +7. Thus, lysozyme is an exception to the rule that a protein denatured in solution forms higher charge states than the same protein in its folded native conformations in solution. Because the same charge states are produced from these two solution conformations, a direct comparison of the properties of the gas-phase ions produced from two very different solution conformations is possible. The conformations of lysozyme ions in the gas phase were studied using cross section measurements and gas-phase H/D exchange. Similar cross sections and H/D exchange levels were observed for same-charge states of lysozyme ions formed from the native and helical denatured conformations in solution. Cross sections show that the ions have compact structures. Thus, disulfide-intact gaseous lysozyme ions generated from the denatured state in water/methanol (2/8) refold into compact structures in the gas phase on a time scale of milliseconds or less.     

Comparison of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis in glass, monazite, and zircon

We compared the analytical performance of ultraviolet femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The benefit of ultrafast lasers was evaluated regarding thermal-induced chemical fractionation, that is otherwise well known to limit LA-ICPMS. Both lasers had a Gaussian beam energy profile and were tested using the same ablation system and ICPMS analyzer. Resulting crater morphologies and analytical signals showed more straightforward femtosecond laser ablation processes, with minimal thermal effects. Despite a less stable energy output, the ultrafast laser yielded elemental (Pb/U, Pb/Th) and Pb isotopic ratios that were more precise, repeatable, and accurate, even when compared to the best analytical conditions for the nanosecond laser. Measurements on NIST glasses, monazites, and zircon also showed that femtosecond LA-ICPMS calibration was less matrix-matched dependent and therefore more versatile.     

Chip-based analysis of protein-protein interactions by fluorescence detection and on-chip immunoprecipitation combined with microLC-MS/MS analysis

A new chip-based method to identify protein-protein interactions was developed using the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GRF2 and two interacting proteins, Ras and calmodulin, as model proteins. A generic immobilization strategy for FLAG-tagged bait proteins on a protein-repellent streptavidin chip surface was implemented by presentation of an oriented anti-FLAG antibody. A flow cell device, integrating different chip surfaces, was developed, and the interaction of immobilized GRF2 with the two analytes was verified by fluorescence assays. On-chip tryptic digest assays were then performed on the capture surface and analyzed by microLC-MS/MS. The interaction of GRF2 with calmodulin and Ras was demonstrated, and the lower limit of detection was determined. We also implemented an on-chip immunoprecipitation assay to identify GRF2-binding partners from complex protein mixtures. Cells overexpressing FLAG-GRF2 were lysed and then incubated with the anti-FLAG chip. In addition to detecting GRF2, we also identified calmodulin, demonstrating that this technique can successfully identify endogenous levels of proteins, bound to recombinant bait proteins. This chip-based method has the advantage that no subsequent gel separations of protein complexes prior to LC-MS analysis are required and is therefore amenable to miniaturized high-throughput determination of protein-protein interactions.     

Distributed Control for 3D Metamorphosis

In this paper, we define Proteo as a class of three-dimensional (3D) metamorphic robotic system capable of approximating arbitrary 3D shapes by utilizing repeated modules. Each Proteo module contains embedded sensors, actuators and a controller, and each resides in a 3D grid space. A module can move itself to one of its open neighbor sites under certain motion constraints. Distributed control for the self-reconfiguration of such robots is an interesting and challenging problem. We present a class of distributed control algorithms for the reconfiguration of Proteo robots based on the goal-ordering mechanism. Performance results are shown for experiments of these algorithms in a simulation environment, and the properties of these algorithms are analyzed.     

用于机组优化组合的改进单亲遗传算法

为了有效地解决火电厂机组优化组合问题,作提出了一种改进的单亲遗传算法。该算法使用实数编码,不使用在两条染色体之间操作的交叉算子,所有遗传操作全部在一条染色体上进行,简化了遗传操作过程,提高了计算效率,且不要求初始群体中的个体具有多样性,也不存在“早熟”收敛现象。与传统的机组优化组合方法相比,该方法能方便地处理机组优化组合问题的复杂约束条。计算实例验证了这种算法的有效性。