Effect of ultrasound on the process of mass transfer in cement mortar and concrete

We present new results in the investigation of the depth and rate of impregnation of cement mortar and concrete. We show the effect of ultrasound on the process of mass transfer in concrete. We establish the possibility of using ultrasound for accelerating the impregnation of concrete and also of other capillary-porous materials.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 638–645, October, 1976.     

Kinetics of Redox Reactions of U, Pu, and Np in TBP Solutions: VIII. Kinetics of Reduction of Pu(VI) and Np(VI) with N,N-Dibutylhydroxylamine in Undiluted TBP

The kinetics of Pu(VI) and Np(VI) reduction in TBP containing HNO₃ was studied spectrophotometrically. The rate of the reduction of Pu(VI) with N,N-dibutylhydroxylamine in undiluted TBP is independent of the Pu(VI) concentration and is described by the equation -d[Pu(VI)]/dt = k[(C₄H₉)₂NOH][H₂O]⁵, with k = (2.17±0.13) × 10^-5 l⁵ mol^-5 min^-1 at 12°C. The activation energy of the reaction, E = 85.2± 4.6 kJ mol^-1, was determined from the temperature dependence of k in the range 12.0-33.5°C. Reduction of Np(VI) in undiluted TBP is approximately described by the kinetic equation -d[Np(VI)]/dt = k[Np(VI)] × [(C₄H₉)₂NOH]/[HNO₃], with k 40 min^-1 at 25°C, and in a 30% solutio of TBP in n-dodecane, by the equation -d[Np(VI)]/dt = k[Np(VI)][(C₄H₉)₂NOH]/[HNO₃]0.7 with the rate constant k = 18.4±1.8 l0.3 mol-0.3 min^-1 at 25°C.     

Feasibility of measuring low temperatures using uranyl compounds

We consider the possibility of using uranyl compounds as sensors for measuring cryogenic temperatures by an optical method in which the temperature-dependent ratio of the intensities of two bands in the luminescence spectrum of the material of the sensor is measured.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 6, pp. 32–35, June, 1994.     

Introducing the sonic statistical method for quality control

Conclusions The study completed permitted us for the first time in 1964 to introduce at the Pervourals Silica factory quality control for certifying silica refractories by the sonic-statistical method. At the present time this method is used in the factory to control the quality of about 70% of the articles of the most critical grades.Under these conditions certification of silica products has been speeded up 8–10 times; the working conditions of the staff occupied on certifying the products have been improved. The savings from the introduction of the statistical method for quality control is 5000 rubles per annum.     

A systematic approach to the development of research-based web design guidelines for older people

This paper presents a systematic approach to the development of a set of research-based ageing-centred web design guidelines (SilverWeb Guidelines). The approach included an initial extensive literature review in the area of human–computer interaction and ageing, the development of an initial set of guidelines based on the reviewed literature, a card sorting exercise for their classification, an affinity diagramming exercise for the reduction and further finalisation of the guidelines, and finally a set of heuristic evaluations for the validation and test of robustness of the guidelines. The 38 final guidelines are grouped into eleven distinct categories (target design, use of graphics, navigation, browser window features, content layout design, links, user cognitive design, use of colour and background, text design, search engine, user feedback and support).