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141.
Masahiro Nagae Tetsuo Yoshio Yoshito Takemoto Jun Takada 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2001,84(5):1175-1177
For pure molybdenum nitrided at 1373 K in NH3 gas, microstructural observations of a molybdenum nitride layer were conducted through a transmission electron microscope. The molybdenum nitride layer consisted of two molybdenum nitrides: an outer one of γ-Mo2 N and an inner one of β-Mo2 N. A great number of (011)[0 1] type twins were observed in the β-Mo2 N phase, whereas the microstructure of the γ-Mo2 N phase was almost free from lattice defects except for slightly observed {111}〈112〉 type twin. 相似文献
142.
143.
Ryosuke Urakami Yukio Sato Masayoshi Ogushi Takeshi Nishiyama Aoi Goto Kazuhiro Yamada Ryo Teranishi Kenji Kaneko Mikito Kitayama 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2017,100(3):1231-1240
Microstructure and mechanical property of silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic are strongly dependent on the selection of sintering additives. When rare‐earth (RE) oxide is used as the sintering additive, segregation of RE ions at interface between Si3N4 grain and intergranular glassy film (IGF) is believed to play a critical role. Although the ionic radius of RE ion is known to be an empirical parameter to modify the mechanical property, the correlation between the segregated ions and their ionic radii is still under controversy. In order to address this issue, (i) rate of α‐β phase transformation and (ii) segregation behavior at the interface were studied for Si3N4 ceramics sintered using mixture of La2O3 and Lu2O3 as additives in this study. Specimens of Lu content 30% and higher exhibited lower activation energies for the α‐β phase transformation as compared with those of Lu content 20% and lower. In terms of the segregation behavior, La was preferably segregated at one site and Lu at the other site along β‐Si3N4/IGF interface in the specimens of Lu content 30% and higher. It is understood from these results that Lu segregation site should be more closely related with grain growth. 相似文献
144.
Hitoshi Matsuki Masaki Goto Kaori Tada Nobutake Tamai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(2):2282-2302
Bilayers formed by phospholipids are frequently used as model biological membranes in various life science studies. A characteristic feature of phospholipid bilayers is to undergo a structural change called a phase transition in response to environmental changes of their surroundings. In this review, we focus our attention on phase transitions of some major phospholipids contained in biological membranes, phosphatidylcholines (PCs), depending on temperature and pressure. Bilayers of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which is the most representative lipid in model membrane studies, will first be explained. Then, the bilayer phase behavior of various kinds of PCs with different molecular structures is revealed from the temperature–pressure phase diagrams, and the difference in phase stability among these PC bilayers is discussed in connection with the molecular structure of the PC molecules. Furthermore, the solvent effect on the phase behavior is also described briefly. 相似文献
145.
Tadaharu Adachi Wakako Araki Takuya Nakahara Akihiko Yamaji Masahiro Gamou 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,86(9):2261-2265
The relationship between the postcuring conditions and fracture toughness on three silica particulate‐filled epoxy composites was investigated. The glass transition temperature, Tg, and the fragility parameter, m, derived from the thermo‐viscoelasticity, were used to characterize the composites, which were postcured under various conditions. The glass transition temperature and fragility both depended on both of the curing conditions and the volume fraction of silica particles. The glass transition temperature increased with the postcuring time and temperature, while the fragility generally decreased as the volume fraction increased. There was no direct correlation between the glass transition temperature and fragility. The fracture toughness depended on both the glass transition temperature and fragility. The composites with a high glass transition temperature and low fragility had high fracture toughness. These results indicate that the glass transition temperature and fragility are useful parameters for estimating the fracture toughness of the silica particulate‐filled epoxy composites. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2261–2265, 2002 相似文献
146.
The relationship between the postcuring conditions and the fracture toughness of a bisphenol A‐type epoxy resin cured with acid anhydride was investigated. The glass transition temperature and fragility parameter, derived from the thermo‐viscoelasticity, were used to characterize the epoxy resin postcured under various conditions. Relationship between these two parameters and the fracture toughness was then investigated, based on the fractography results of a microscopic roughness examination of a fractured surface. The values of the glass transition temperature and fragility greatly depended on the postcuring conditions. The glass transition temperature was approximately 400 K when the crosslinking reaction was saturated. The fragility was independent of the saturation of the reaction and varied between 50 and 180. The results of the fracture test and fractography examination showed that there was no direct correlation between the glass transition temperature, the fracture toughness, and the roughness. On the other hand, there was a correlation between the fragility, fracture toughness, and roughness when the glass transition temperature saturated (at 400 K). As the fragility decreased from 180 to 50, the fracture toughness increased from 0.6 to 1.1 MPa · m1/2 at the same glass transition temperature. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 10: 2266–2271, 2002 相似文献
147.
Kenichiro Sato Masahiro Kameda Takao Yasuhara Takashi Agari Tanefumi Baba Feifei Wang Aiko Shinko Takaaki Wakamori Atsuhiko Toyoshima Hayato Takeuchi Tatsuya Sasaki Susumu Sasada Akihiko Kondo Cesario V. Borlongan Mitsunori Matsumae Isao Date 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(11):21513-21524
The number of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients is increasing, and stroke is deeply associated with DM. Recently, neuroprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are reported. In this study, we explored whether liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue exerts therapeutic effects on a rat stroke model. Wistar rats received occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 90 min. At one hour after reperfusion, liraglutide or saline was administered intraperitoneally. Modified Bederson’s test was performed at 1 and 24 h and, subsequently, rats were euthanized for histological investigation. Peripheral blood was obtained for measurement of blood glucose level and evaluation of oxidative stress. Brain tissues were collected to evaluate the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The behavioral scores of liraglutide-treated rats were significantly better than those of control rats. Infarct volumes of liraglutide-treated rats at were reduced, compared with those of control rats. The level of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolite was lower in liraglutide-treated rats. VEGF level of liraglutide-treated rats in the cortex, but not in the striatum significantly increased, compared to that of control rats. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate neuroprotective effects of liraglutide on cerebral ischemia through anti-oxidative effects and VEGF upregulation. 相似文献
148.
Akihiko Ito Yu You Hirokazu Katsui Takashi Goto 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2013,33(13-14):2655-2661
Ba β-alumina films were prepared by laser chemical vapor deposition. Mostly single-phase Ba β-alumina films were obtained at 1125–1200 K and for an Al/Ba molar ratio of 12.4–16.6. BaAl2O4 and α-Al2O3 were codeposited with Ba β-alumina under Ba- and Al-rich conditions, respectively. The Ba β-alumina films consisted of hexagonal grains, and the (1 1 0)-oriented Ba β-alumina films had a fin-like columnar structure. The highest deposition rate reached 120 μm h?1 at around 1200 K. A thin layer of Ba-rich superstructure was formed on the surface of the (1 1 0)-oriented columnar grains. 相似文献
149.
Transparent lutetium niobate (Lu3NbO7) bodies were prepared by reactive spark plasma sintering using Lu2O3 and Nb2O5 powders. Fully dense Lu3NbO7 bodies with density greater than 99.5% of the theoretical were obtained at 1300–1650 °C. The grains steadily grew from 0.1 to 0.6 μm with increasing sintering temperature from 1200 to 1450 °C and significant grain growth from 2.2 to 9.2 μm occurred at 1550–1650 °C. The Lu3NbO7 body sintered at 1450 °C showed the highest transmittance of 63% at 550 nm after heat treatment at 850 °C in air for 6 h. Fully dense, submicron-size transparent Lu3NbO7 exhibited Vickers hardness of ~13.0 GPa and indentation fracture toughness of 1.0 MPa m1/2. 相似文献
150.
Masahiro Nawa Kiyotaka Yamada Naoki Kurizoe 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2013,33(3):521-529
The t–m transformation zone and related residual stress fields around two types of crack used for toughness measurements, i.e. SEVNB (arrested crack induced by a V-notch) and IF methods (indentation crack induced by a Vickers impression), are reported for a Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposite, in comparison with 3Y-TZP. The fact that Ce-TZP/Al2O3 exhibits significant high toughness value on occasions when evaluated by the IF method was determined to be clearly linked to the presence of wide ranged three-dimensional transformation configuration and resulting substantial compressive residual stress fields. In contrast, for 3Y-TZP, transformation behaviors around the two types of crack were quite similar, which proves that 3Y-TZP shows near toughness values for both SEVNB and IF methods. 相似文献