For the first time, we discovered a small proportion of aqueous fraction from Saw Palmetto apart from the fatty acid-rich fraction exhibited pharmacological activity. Therefore, this study aims to explore the anti-tumor potential of red pigmented aqueous fraction of Saw Palmetto, NYG on human hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible targets. Subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic implantation models of HCC were used to evaluate the tumor inhibitory effect of NYG. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used as in vitro model. The mRNA expression was conducted by qPCR. Protein expression was monitored by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Cell migration and blood vessel formation were determined by chamber assay and tube formation assay, respectively. Significant tumor inhibition of NYG in dose-dependent manner was observed on subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic HCC model. NYG has no direct action on cell viability or VEGF secretion of HCC cells. However, NYG reduced in vitro migration and vessel formation activities of HUVEC cells, as well as in vivo intratumoral neovascularization. NYG attenuated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation in endothelial cells, which may be associated with the suppression of migration and tube formation of HUVEC. NYG suppressed tumor expansion of HCC via inhibiting neovascularization, and may be potential adjuvant treatment for HCC. 相似文献
This study demonstrates, for the first time, the principle of nuclear transmutation of minor actinide (MA) by the accelerator-driven system (ADS) through the injection of high-energy neutrons into the subcritical core at the Kyoto University Critical Assembly. The main objective of the experiments is to confirm fission reactions of neptunium-237 (237Np) and americium-241 (241Am), and capture reactions of 237Np. Subcritical irradiation of 237Np and 241Am foils is conducted in a hard spectrum core with the use of the back-to-back fission chamber that obtains simultaneously two signals from specially installed test (237Np or 241Am) and reference (uranium-235) foils. The first nuclear transmutation of 237Np and 241Am by ADS soundly implemented by combining the subcritical core and the 100 MeV proton accelerator, and the use of a lead-bismuth target, is conclusively demonstrated through the experimental results of fission and capture reaction events. 相似文献
Rapid and simultaneous enumeration of viable Enterobacteriaceae and viable Pseudomonas spp. in milk was achieved by using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with oligonucleotide probes based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences in combination with a microcolony growth method (multicolor microcolony-FISH; MMC-FISH). The procedure of MMC-FISH method is rather simple; that is milk clearing, filtration of cells, incubation, hybridization and enumeration. Enumeration of targeted bacteria in logarithmic growth phase, stationary phase, or in a starved state in milk by MMC-FISH required 5-7 h, while it took 1-3 days to test for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida by the conventional culture method. The numbers of E. coli and P. putida in each phase or in a starved state in milk determined by MMC-FISH were almost the same or greater than the number of colony forming units determined by the plate counting method. The MMC-FISH allows rapid examination of contamination in milk by viable Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. with growth potential. 相似文献
The elastic and yield properties of drawn poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) filled with ultrafine SiO2 are described as functions of filler content and size. The drawn PMMA composites were made by uniaxially drawing to x4.0 at 100°C and at a rate of 20 mm/min. Four compliance values, i.e., S33, S11, S13, and S44 were determined. These values decreased with filler content and decreasing filler size. The relative compliance values Sde/Sdo(Sde is the compliance of drawn PMMA composites and Sdo is that of drawn unfilled PMMA) are almost equivalently changed with changes in filler content. The elastic properties of drawn PMMA composites are thus reinforced isotopically. This is characteristic of PMMA which has a large side group. The yield behavior of drawn PMMA composites have similar filler size and content dependence to those of elastic properties except that the transverse yield stresses become more brittle with filler content. The anisotropy in yield stress is relatively larger than that of elastic properties. This is probably because the anti-reiforcing effect, such as fibrillation becomes prominent with increasing filler content in the perpendicular direction. 相似文献
A density-stratified countercurrent flow was investigated to obtain data necessary to develop a physical model on a thermally stratified flow in a horizontal leg of a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and temperature using fresh water and NaCl solution with a non-dimensional density ratio of up to 1.2. The emphasis was placed on measurements of velocity and concentration profiles near the interface between the two fluid layers. Measured mean velocity and concentration profiles were fitted consistently using the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory, which are well-known outcomes for stratified turbulent shear flow. The interfacial friction and entrainment coefficients obtained from the fitted profiles agreed well with existing results in literature, confirming the applicability of the Monin–Obukhov theory. Furthermore, a new empirical correlation was proposed for the prediction of a mixing layer thickness. 相似文献
This paper discusses the breaking ability of an air blast circuit breaker (ABB) or SF6 gas circuit breaker (GCB), and the interrupting phenomena around current zero in the case where a resistor or capacitor is connected in parallel with its interrupter to improve the breaking ability. It has been clarified that the use of a parallel resistor for ABB, and that of a parallel capacitor for GCB are the most effective methods to improve the breaking abilities; the parallel resistor not only serves to reduce the rate of rise of the transient recovery voltage (rrrV), but also shifts the current from the interrupter to itself around the current zero, thus reducing the stress for interruption. The improvement of the breaking ability is achieved by reducing the initial average rrrV between zero and 1 microseconds (inherent value), when the parallel capacitor is used with the GCB. 相似文献
During stamping-die design, the formability in sheet-metal forming process has been evaluated by the geometrical functions in ‘Die-Face CAD’, which has been developed and improved by Toyota Motor Corporation. When evaluation by these functions is difficult, formability has been estimated by performing experiments using test dies in which the forming defects are similar to those in the actual process.
A numerical method has been developed in order to substitute numerical analysis for experiments using test dies for the accurate prediction of defects in sheet-metal forming. The elastic-plastic FEM with the commercial code ‘JNIKE3D’ has been improved in the areas of: (1) the material constitutive equation; (2) the consideration of the pressure distribution on the blank-holder; and (3) the evaluation of breakage initiation. Using the improved method, the square-cup drawing process and the hemming process have been analyzed. Numerical results for strain, breakage initiation, and hemming deflection were in good agreement with experimental results. The formability of laser-welded blanks and the most efficient process to form them were evaluated also using the improved method. 相似文献
The characteristic fatigue behavior of carburized and quenched steel with internal oxides and non-martensitic microstructure near the surface was presented through rotating bending fatigue test. The S-N diagram revealed two knees and the specimens continued to fail over 107 stress cycles. The fatigue limit could not be obtained even at 108 stress cycles. The test results were compared to those for the specimens without surface structure anomalies to show the effect of structure anomalies on the fatigue behavior of carburized steel. 相似文献