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排序方式: 共有1388条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Federico Aulenta Andrea Canosa Luigi De Roma Priscilla Reale Stefania Panero Simona Rossetti Mauro Majone 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2009,84(6):864-870
BACKGROUND: A bioelectrochemical process for trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorination was developed. In this new process, a solid‐state electrode polarized to ?450 mV versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), in combination with a redox mediator (i.e., methyl viologen, MV) is employed as an electron donor for the microbial reductive dechlorination of TCE. In this study we compared the performance of the process with the redox mediator immobilized at the surface of electrodes or dissolved in the bulk liquid, using both a culture highly enriched in Desulfitobacterium spp., capable of dechlorinating TCE to cis‐dichloroethene (cis‐DCE), and a culture highly enriched in Dehalococcoides spp. capable of dechlorinating cis‐DCE to ethene. RESULTS: Short‐term potentiostatic (?450 mV versus SHE) experiments showed that TCE or cis‐DCE was dechlorinated both in the presence of soluble (500 µmol L?1) and immobilized MV. However, TCE or cis‐DCE dechlorination rates with MV‐modified electrodes were remarkably lower than with soluble MV. Both cultures produced significant amounts of H2 in the presence of electrically reduced, soluble MV, whereas no H2 was produced when the mediator was immobilized at the electrode surface, regardless of the potential applied to the electrode, in the range ?425 to ?500 mV versus SHE. CONCLUSIONS: The process, operated with modified electrodes, supports the microbial dechlorination of TCE to ethene. Immobilization not only allows retention of the mediator within the system, but also increases process efficiency by preventing bioelectrochemical H2 formation. On the other hand, strategies to increase dechlorination rates with modified electrodes need to be developed. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
92.
We study the complexity of the 2-dimensional knapsack problem , where . The problem is defined in terms of real numbers and we study it where an integral solution is sought under a real number
model of computation. We obtain a tight complexity bound , where .
Received: November 1998 / Accepted: December 1998 相似文献
93.
Alessia Cao Alessandra Carucci Tiziana Lai Gianluigi Bacchetta Mauro Casti 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2009,84(6):884-889
BACKGROUND: The application of phytostabilization and assisted phytoextraction to the remediation of abandoned mining areas can be a valuable method to reclaim these areas without modifying soil and landscape characteristics. An in situ application of a continuous phytoextraction technique was carried out in the area of Campo Pisano (Sardinia, Italy), followed by a laboratory assisted phytoextraction test using the biodegradable chelating agents methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA) and iminodissuccinic acid (IDSA). The plants used were Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor, Cistus salviifolius and Teucrium flavum subsp. glaucum. RESULTS: The plant that accumulated more Pb was T. glaucum (353 mg kg?1) while C. salviifolius demonstrated better ability to accumulate Zn (1560 mg kg?1). S. bicolor showed a better tolerance to metals but accumulated 119 mg kg?1 of Pb. Accumulation of metals immediately after chelant application was up to 300 mg kg?1 of Pb and 3000 mg kg?1 of Zn which did not further increase during the assisted phytoextraction experiment. CONCLUSION: The plant that demonstrated to be most suitable for phytoremediation application was S. bicolor due to its higher biomass production and tolerance to metals. The low cation exchange capacity and the high concentration of Ca and Mg in soil determined a low chelant effectiveness. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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97.
Roger J. Loucks John C. Mauro Adama Tandia Nikolay T. Timofeev 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2007,90(12):4020-4022
We present a semi-empirical technique for computation of glass density based on the enthalpy landscape approach. The technique incorporates thermal history and entropy effects into a scaling factor, which is determined using a computed enthalpy versus volume curve and a single experimental density value. We demonstrate the technique on a series of calcium aluminosilicate glasses. 相似文献
98.
A Monte Carlo code called CARLO DTS, developed for the efficiency and proton recoil spectra calculation of the Dual Thin Scintillator (DTS) neutron detector is described. The code CARLO DTS covers the neutron energy range between 1 and 20 MeV. The cross sections and angular distributions were taken from the ENDF/B-V data file for the nuclear reactions involved: H(n.n)H, C(n,n)C and inelastic scattering, (n,), (n,n′)3 reactions on carbon-12. The theoretical calculations are compared to experimental results at two neutron energies, namely:2.446 and 14.04 MeV, obtained by means of the Time Correlated Associated Particle Technique. 相似文献
99.
Mauro Ciappa Alexander Koschik Maurizio Dapor Wolfgang Fichtner 《Microelectronics Reliability》2010,50(9-11):1407-1412
Modeling of critical dimensions scanning electron microscopy with sub-nanometer uncertainty is required to provide a metrics and to avoid yield loss in the processing of advanced CMOS technologies. In this paper, a new approach is proposed, which includes a new Monte Carlo scheme, a new Monte Carlo code, as well as the coupling with electrostatic fields to take into account self-charging effects. 相似文献
100.
We briefly review some simple lattice models, introduced recently to study granular systems based on the similarities with
glassy systems. The basic common ingredient, partially responsible for the complex behavior shown, is geometric frustration
due to steric hindrance.
Received: 30 March 2000 相似文献