“高赌注”的伙伴关系：底牌在谁手里？

最近有一些科技伙伴关系,似乎很难想出哪位合作伙伴是从强势地位出牌,哪位也许是在虚张声势。如同扑克玩家们一样,科技公司为各自利益而施展全力。但是,伙伴关系经常使这种“不惜一切代价获胜”的思想变得模糊。以2005年11月底宣布的高通(Qualcomm)公司     

摩尔定律的恩惠

半导体工业进入了利用摩尔定律所述效应--IC中集成的晶体管数每1 8个月左右翻一番--的第三个十年.事实上,元件密度更大的IC和单片系统(SoC)设计技术正在与因特网和新兴的统一网站相结合,使第三个十年成为这一丰富多彩的技术工业最激动人心的时期.     

Using lipid profiles and genotypes for the characterization of Corsican olive oils

In 2004, the Corsican producers of olive oils obtained a French protected designation of origin (PDO) “huile d'olive de Corse”, but up to now specifications of Corsican oil production do not clearly indicate the oil attributes related to the territory of production. That is why the fatty acid and triacylglycerol (TAG) compositions of olive oils from the nine main cultivars used to produce oils under PDO were determined and related to the olive variety. The results showed (i) that the nine cultivars covered only four olive varieties, as revealed by random‐amplified polymorphic DNA markers, (ii) that the lipid composition of oils is strongly dependent on the variety, and (iii) that the lipid composition of the four varieties is completely discriminated on the basis of the proportions of four TAG (OOO, OOL, PoOO, OOL) and one fatty acid (18:0). These results clearly establish the relationships between some characteristics of oils and the area of production (Corsica) for at least three varieties that are originated from Corsica. For the fourth variety, other investigations on minor compounds and on sensory attributes of oils must be undertaken to link some oil traits to the territory of production.     

Titanium dioxide coated cementitious materials for air purifying purposes: Preparation,characterization and toluene removal potential

This work presents promising results for air purification by heterogeneous photocatalysis on new titanium dioxide loaded cementitious materials. A set of eight concretes and plasters is enriched with TiO₂ photocatalyst by dip-coating and/or sol–gel methods.     

Effect of micro-oxygenation on sensory characteristics and consumer preference of Cabernet Sauvignon wine

BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study was to improve the structure of a Cabernet Sauvignon red wine in a short period of time by micro‐oxygenation (MOX) at high rates (25 and 50 mL L^?1 month^?1), the effects of which were evaluated based on sensory characteristics and consumer preference. Sensory data were analysed by principal component analysis, discriminant analysis and ordinal logistic regression (OLR). RESULTS: MOX led to significant differences in the colour, colour stability and phenolic compounds of wine. Sensory characteristics also changed through MOX treatment, and wine experts were able to discriminate between MOX‐treated and untreated samples, with olfactory intensity, complexity, astringency and roundness being the main discriminating characteristics. Ordinal logistic regression enabled identification of the sensory characteristics that drove consumer preference. CONCLUSION: MOX at high rates improved the sensory characteristics of wine and may therefore be considered a valid technique for obtaining structured wines in a short period of time, i.e. within just a few months after the vintage. The results highlight the need for (i) careful selection of the MOX dosage rate and duration (the 25 mL L^?1 month^?1 dose for 6 days provided the best result) and (ii) continuous monitoring of the MOX treatment. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

A comparison of the enantioselectivities of human deoxycytidine kinase and human cytidine deaminase

The stereoselectivities of recombinant human deoxycytidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.74) (dCK) and of recombinant human cytidine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5) (CDA) were investigated with respect to a series of cytidine analogs, most of them having the unnatural L-stereochemistry. The enantioselectivity of dCK was always low and generally favored the L-enantiomers in the case of beta-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (beta-ddC), 5-fluoro-beta-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (beta-FddC) and beta-cytidine (beta-riboC). Concerning beta-2'-deoxycytidine, dCK showed a preference for the D-enantiomer. All other examined beta-L-cytidine analogs, [1-beta-L-lyxofuranosyl cytosine (beta-L-lyxoC), l-beta-L-xylofuranosyl cytosine (beta-L-xyloC), and 5-fluoro-1-beta-L-xylofuranosyl cytosine (beta-L-Fxylo C)], were substrates of dCK regardless of the nature of the pentose. None of the studied alpha-L-anomers (alpha-L-riboC, alpha-L-araC, alpha-L-lyxoC, or alpha-L-xyloC) was a substrate of dCK. Contrasting with the relaxed enantioselectivity of dCK, CDA had a strict requirement for D-cytidine analogs since none of the already listed beta-L- or alpha-L analogs was a substrate or an inhibitor of the enzyme. The conjunction of the preceding stereochemical properties of dCK and CDA confers to L-cytidine analogs important potentialities in antiviral and anticancer therapies.     

Effects of lumbar extensor fatigue and surface inclination on postural control during quiet stance

A number of work environments require workers to perform tasks on inclined surfaces. Such tasks, along with muscle fatigue, can impair postural control and increase falling risks. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of surface inclination angle, standing direction, and lumbar extensor fatigue on postural control during quiet standing. A group of 16 young, healthy participants were tested while standing on inclined surfaces before and after lumbar extensor fatigue (induced by repetitive isotonic exercise). Three inclination angles (0°, 18° and 26°) and three standing directions (uphill, downhill, and lateral facing) were examined. Postural control was assessed using several measures derived from center-of-pressure time series and subjectively perceived stability. Significant main and interactive effects of inclination angle and standing direction were found for all dependent measures. The adverse effects of standing on inclined surfaces were found to differ between the three standing directions. In general, dose-response relationships with inclination angle were evident, particularly in the lateral-facing direction. Fatigue-related effects differed between conditions, suggesting that the adverse effect of lumbar extensor fatigue on postural control depend on inclination angle and standing direction. These findings may facilitate the development of fall prevention interventions for work involving inclined surfaces.     

The effects of fatigue on performance in simulated nursing work

Fatigue is associated with increased rates of medical errors and healthcare worker injuries, yet existing research in this sector has not considered multiple dimensions of fatigue simultaneously. This study evaluated hypothesised causal relationships between mental and physical fatigue and performance. High and low levels of mental and physical fatigue were induced in 16 participants during simulated nursing work tasks in a laboratory setting. Task-induced changes in fatigue dimensions were quantified using both subjective and objective measures, as were changes in performance on physical and mental tasks. Completing the simulated work tasks increased total fatigue, mental fatigue and physical fatigue in all experimental conditions. Higher physical fatigue adversely affected measures of physical and mental performance, whereas higher mental fatigue had a positive effect on one measure of mental performance. Overall, these results suggest causal effects between manipulated levels of mental and physical fatigue and task-induced changes in mental and physical performance. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Nurse fatigue and performance has implications for patient and provider safety. Results from this study demonstrate the importance of a multidimensional view of fatigue in understanding the causal relationships between fatigue and performance. The findings can guide future work aimed at predicting fatigue-related performance decrements and designing interventions.     

Embedded layer of Ag nanoparticles prepared by a combined PECVD/PVD process producing SiOxCy-Ag nanocomposite thin films

Structural properties of SiO(x)C(y)-Ag nanocomposite thin films prepared by a dual process PVD-PECVD in the same reactor have been investigated. The experimental results have demonstrated the influence of a PECVD process carried out at room temperature for the growth of a dielectric matrix on the size and the distribution density of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) deposited beforehand by magnetron sputtering. The plasma during the growth of the encapsulation SiO(x)C(y) layer caused a diffusion of silver from NPs through the SiO(x)C(y) matrix associated with a decrease in the average size of nanoparticles and an increase of their distribution density. Silver diffusion is blocked at a barrier interface to form a buried layer of individual Ag NPs which, for instance, can find plasmonic applications. Silver also diffuses toward the outer surface inducing antibacterial properties. In both cases initial Ag NPs act as reservoirs for multifunctional properties of advanced nanostructured films.