Effect of intelligence, anxiety, and diagnosis on Arithmetic and Digit Span performance on the WAIS.

Tested 40 schizophrenics and 40 neurotics using WAIS scores, with Arithmetic (A) and Digit Span (DS) subtest scores subtracted, as a measure of IQ, and the MMPI as a measure of anxiety. Results suggest: (1) the intelligence level of S must be considered to interpret the relationship between A and DS; (2) the relationship between A and DS is a better indication of anxiety than the level of DS alone; (3) DS well below A may be a function of anxiety or intelligence and the affect is enhanced when S is bright and anxious; and (4) chronic or low-anxiety, dull schizophrenics and dull but not anxious nonschizophrenics show out-of-pattern relationship of DS above A. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ratings of psychological journals by and for industrial-organizational psychologists.

Studied the reference sources used by selected authors covering topics in the industrial-organizational field which appeared in 9 contributions in the Annual Review of Psychology (ARP) in the years 1970 to 1976. Seven of these are compared with rank orders in the 1950's and 1960's based on available data. Consumer and engineering psychology are considered separately and are not included in the tabulated data. Also included is a comparison of the ARP rank orders with the study of D. Koulack and H. Keselman (see record 1976-24649-001). This study for the industrial area is shown to be 16 yrs behind the times as far as contemporary industrial-organizational psychology is concerned. The source materials based on the ARP yield significant information concerning the status and changing trends of the field and can serve as a frame of reference for thinking about and carrying out investigations in the field. (28 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Panel summary: spontaneous echo contrast in patients with mechanical heart valve implants

Three study sites along the roads with different automobile traffic densities were selected and cattle milk samples were collected every month from all the three sites. Lead concentration in samples were determined through atomic absorption spectrometer. Milk collected from area of heavy traffic contained 4.6-7.2 ppm of Pb, which is much higher than its permissible limit (0.3 ppm) according to FDA.     

Socioeconomic status, standard of living, and neurotic disorder

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of neurotic disorder is contradictory. We studied the association between three elements of socioeconomic status and the prevalence of neurotic psychiatric disorder in a representative sample of adults aged 16-64 living in private households in the UK. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 10,108 adults aged 16-65 resident in private households in the UK was selected by a multi-stage, clustered, random-sampling design. Neurotic disorders were defined using a standardised interview, the revised clinical interview schedule (CIS-R). Data for 9570 people were available for this study. FINDINGS: We used housing tenure and access to cars as measures of standard of living; both were associated with the prevalence of neurotic disorder even after adjustment for other socioeconomic and demographic variables, including Registrar General's Social Class and educational attainment. Those people with no access to a car had an odds ratio for neurotic disorder of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-1.7), compared with those who had access to two or more cars. People who rented their homes were also at increased risk (1.3 [1.1-1.5]). We estimated that about 10% of the neurotic disorder in the UK could be attributed to the increased prevalence of those without cars who rented their homes. There was a complex interaction between Registrar General's Social Class and sex, and there was no independent association with educational attainment. INTERPRETATION: There is an independent association between low standard of living and the prevalence of neurotic psychiatric disorder. The UK has experienced one of the largest increases in income inequality within western market economies over the past 20 years, and this inequality may have had adverse consequences for the mental health of the population.     

A 1.0-GHz single-issue 64-bit powerPC integer processor

The organization and circuit design of a 1.0 GHz integer processor built in 0.25 μm CMOS technology are presented, a microarchitecture emphasizing parallel computation with a single late select per cycle, structured control logic implemented by read-only-memories and programmable logic arrays, and a delayed reset dynamic circuit style enabling complex functions to be implemented in a few levels of logic are among the key design choices described. A means for at-speed scan testing of this high-frequency processor by a low-speed tester is also presented     

4. Organizational Development and Change.

Introduces the articles in this section, which focus on the issue of power. The authors in this section address such issues as the analysis of the industrial power structure and its relevance for organizational development interventions, approaches to organizational interventions, the sociotechnical framework for organizational change, and the blind spots industrial/organizational psychologists might have about power and about the distribution of rewards in their efforts at organizational restructuring. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Type of start box and goal box distinctiveness in self-punitive running of rats.

A total of 96 male Sprague-Dawley rats were first trained to escape shock in an alley by running to a safe goal box. In Exp I either a trapdoor-floored start box or a guillotine-door start box was used in different groups. In extinction, nonpunished and punished subgroups were tested in each of the start-box conditions. Punishment produced faster running speeds than nonpunishment (self-punitive effect) only with the trapdoor. The trapdoor start box was used in Exp II, and independent groups of Ss were trained to escape to a goal box that was either very dissimilar or similar to the shock area. Nonpunished and punished subgroups were extinguished in each goal box condition. Self-punitive running was more likely with the dissimilar goal box. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)