New Ternary Europium Aluminate Luminescent Nanoribbons for Advanced Photonics

Developing novel one‐dimensional (1D) luminescent nanostructures (e.g., nanowires and nanoribbons) is highly desired for enabling progress in nanophotonics and other emerging optical technologies. Previous studies on 1D luminescent nanostructures were mostly focused on elemental and binary semiconductor materials, the light emission of which originates from the radiative recombination of electrons and holes via either intrinsic states or extrinsic defect states. Herein, three kinds of ternary europium aluminate nanoribbons are reported that have localized Eu²⁺ luminescent centers and exhibit new compositions, new crystal lattice structures, and new luminescence properties and mechanisms. These three europium aluminate nanoribbons are: blue luminescent EuAl₆O₁₀ with a new composition and a new tetragonal lattice structure, green luminescent EuAl₂O₄ with a monoclinic lattice structure, and orange luminescent EuAl₂O₄ with a new hexagonal lattice structure and extremely large band width and Stokes shift of emission. These materials have promising applications as nanometer‐scale light generators and waveguides in nanophotonics and as light converting phosphors in warm white light‐emitting diodes.     

Sex, BMI and age in addition to dietary intakes influence blood concentrations and congener profiles of dioxins and PCBs

Scope: The aim of this study was to i) characterize dietary polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin exposure in consumers of fish from the PCB contaminated Lake Mjøsa in Norway ii) examine the influence of demographic factors on blood concentrations and congener composition of dioxins and PCBs, iii) characterize dietary sources and possible exposures above tolerable intake. Methods and results: Blood samples were analysed for dioxin‐like (dl) compounds (PCDD/Fs and dl‐PCBs) and non‐dl‐PCBs (ndl‐PCBs). Dietary exposures were calculated using food frequency questionnaires (n=64). Men had higher median intake of dl‐compounds than women (1.2 and 0.85 pg TEQ/kg bw/day), but similar blood concentrations (23.3 and 25.8, pg TEQ/g lipid weight (lw)). For non‐dl‐PCBs, intakes (6.5 and 4.5 ng/kg bw/day) and blood concentrations (381 and 224 ng/g lw) were higher in men than in women. Blood concentrations correlated with dietary intakes in men only. Increasing BMI and age elevated blood concentrations mainly in women. Men and women had different blood congener profiles, with a higher share of PCB‐126 in women, despite similar dietary congener profiles. Eleven participants exceeded the tolerable intake for dl‐compounds. Fish from Lake Mjøsa was the main dietary source. Conclusion: The higher influence of BMI and age for women than for men may have implications for risk assessment.     

Women in multiple roles: Implications for school psychologists.

Reviews the literature on some selected aspects of women's lives in order to provide an orientation for school psychologists. Both qualitative and empirical literature in the 3 main areas: the meaning of work, the timing of parenthood, and the integration of multiple roles are discussed. The exploration of work and parenting roles has been chosen because they are 2 major foci around which, it is suggested, most adult women organize their lives. The 3rd area, the integration of multiple roles, is also of immediate relevance in light of the increasing number of women who are combining multiple roles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Designing for a gigahertz [guTS integer processor]

At the IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference this February, the IBM Austin Research Laboratory presented an experimental 64-bit integer processor called guTS (gigahertz unit Test Site). The goal of the guTS project was to demonstrate that circuit techniques, and circuit-centric design, could significantly increase the performance of microprocessors, thus providing headroom for future performance growth beyond contributions from microarchitecture and CMOS technology. To clearly distinguish the design contributions of this project from innovations in CMOS technology we chose a fabrication technology that was in production in 1997. The guTS processor is a full-custom, nearly 100% dynamic design. Its single-issue core implements 96 instructions from the integer subset of the PowerPC instruction set architecture, and covers in excess of 90% of instructions executed in typical code. Address translation, floating-point, and I/O-related instructions are omitted. All instructions, including loads and stores, execute in one cycle. We measured core speeds in excess of a gigahertz. We focus here on the circuit-centric design approach that enabled the gigahertz result. This approach requires designers to operate across the boundaries of microarchitecture, logic, circuit, and physical design. We explain why developments in CMOS technology increasingly favor this approach     

Introduction: What's What in Industrial/Organizational Psychology.

Career and personality development in the context of organizational dynamics, development, and change are discussed, and the search for the individual's quality of life, as well as quality of work life, is emphasized in this section on industrial organizational (I/O) psychology. The five articles augment the special issue of Professional Psychology, "Industrial/Organizational Psychology: 1980 Overview" (Meltzer & Stagner, 1980), and we hope that the contributions will be helpful in reviewing the rapidly growing I/O field; projecting goals for I/O psychology; and in accord with the current trend, linking the quality of work life with the quality of life. The task of organizing this section was not without difficulty. Because the entire June 1980 issue of Professional Psychology was devoted to providing "snapshots" of a changing field, the present section of this issue had to cover omissions and changes in directions, integrate the field as a whole, or become a vehicle for propagating a particular cause. The last purpose was manifestly avoided. Contributions were sought that provided an integrated overview or covered omissions and changes in direction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Determination of intensity correlation functions from photoelectric counting distributions

Two techniques are described for obtaining information about the intensity correlation function of an optical field, from measurements of photoelectric counting distributions. The first method is based on double differentiation of the second factorial moment with respect to the counting time. It requires very accurate data, but is shown to be quite feasible, and yields the intensity-correlation function explicitly. The second procedure is less sensitive to inaccuracies and allows the correlation time and certain other parameters to be determined from the factorial moments. In addition, it yields some information about the general form of the correlation function, but no explicit function. The procedures are illustrated and compared by application to photoelectric counting measurements of a laser far below the threshold of oscillation.     

Magneto-Optic Positioning

As part of a program for the production of accurate scales and grids it became necessary to develop a device which could locate the lines on such a scale or grid with a precision better than one microinch. The system described in this paper accomplishes this result by forming an image of the line with polarized light whose angle of polarization varies with the position of the line. The angle is zero on the optic axis and the rotation depends on both the sense and amount of the line displacement from that axis. The polarization of the light is modulated with a Faraday modulator. The combination of position sensitive polarization and Faraday modulation produces a signal whose phase depends on the sense and whose amplitude depends on the amount of displacement of the line image from the optic axis. Using this system sensitivities of one microampere per microinch displacement can be achieved with unit magnification.