碱式硫酸镁晶须的合成及应用

以一定浓度的MgSO4和NaOH溶液为原料,在常温下混合,在160℃,0.5 MPa的条件下用水热法反应8 h,制备出增强阻燃材料MgSO4.5Mg(OH)2.3H2O型碱式硫酸镁晶须(MOS),探讨了反应条件对产物形貌、结构及组成的影响,初步确立了制备MOS的工艺条件。经过对复合材料的拉伸性能测试得出结论,采用MOS填充改性的聚丙烯,优于市售纳米氢氧化镁和阻燃级氢氧化镁。     

Structural and transport effects of doping perfluorosulfonic acid polymers with the heteropoly acids, H3PW12O40 or H4SiW12O40

A perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymer with pendant side chain -O(CF₂)₄SO₃H was doped with the heteropoly acids (HPAs), H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ and H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀. Infrared spectroscopy revealed a strong interaction between the HPA and the PFSA ionomer. Modes associated with the peripheral bonds of the HPA were shifted to lower wave numbers when doped into PFSA membranes. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements showed the presence of large crystallites of HPA in the membrane with d spacings of ca. 10 Å, close to the lattice spacing observed in bulk HPA crystals. Under wet conditions the HPA was more dispersed and constrained the size of the sulfonic acid clusters to 20 Å at a 5 wt% HPA doping level, the same as in the vacuum treated ionomer samples. Under conditions of minimum hydration the HPA decreased the E_a for the self-diffusion of water from 27 to 15 kJ mol⁻¹. The reverse trend was seen under 100% RH conditions. Proton conductivity measurements showed improved proton conductivity of the HPA doped PFSAs at a constant dew point of 80 °C for all temperatures up to 120 °C and at all relative hummidities up to 80%. The activation energy for proton conduction generally was lower than for the undoped materials at RH ≤80%. Significantly the E_a was 1/2 that of the undoped material at RHs of 40 and 60%. A practical proton conductivity of 113 mS cm⁻¹ was observed at 100 °C and 80% RH.     

Maximum principle for mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equations and its application to finance

This paper investigates a stochastic optimal control problem with delay and of mean-field type, where the controlled state process is governed by a mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equation. Two sufficient maximum principles and one necessary maximum principle are established for the underlying system. As an application, a bicriteria mean–variance portfolio selection problem with delay is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the proposed techniques. Under certain conditions, explicit expressions are provided for the efficient portfolio and the efficient frontier, which are as elegant as those in the classical mean–variance problem without delays.     

Dietary fatty acids regulate cholesterol induction of liver CYP7α1 expression and bile acid production

In the present study we investigated the effects of dietary fats containing predominantly PUFA, monounsaturated FA (MUFA), or saturated FA (SFA) on lipid profile and liver cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7α1) mRNA expression and bile acid production in C57BL/6J mice. The animals (n=75) were randomly divided into five groups and fed a basic chow diet (AIN-93G) (BC diet), a chow diet with 1g/100g of cholesterol (Chol diet), a chow diet with 1g/100g of cholesterol and 14g/100g of safflower oil (Chol+PUFA diet), a chow diet with 1g/100g of cholesterol and olive oil (Chol+MUFA diet), or a chow diet with 1g/100g of cholesterol and myristic acid (Chol+SFA diet) for 6 wk. The results showed that the Chol+SFA diet decreased CYP7α1 gene expression and bile acid pool size, resulting in increased blood and liver cholesterol levels. Addition of PUFA and MUFA to a 1% cholesterol diet increased the bile acid pool production or bile acid excretion and simultaneously decreased liver cholesterol accumulation despite decreased CYP7α1 mRNA expression. The results indicate that the decreased bile acid pool size induced by the SFA diet is related to inhibition of the liver CYP7α1 gene expression, but an increased bile acid pool size and improved cholesterol homeostasis are disassociated from the liver CYP7α1 gene expression.     

Lewis酸存在下的自由基共聚合——Ⅰ.GeCl_4与BCl_3存在下的乙酸乙烯酯与丙烯酸交替共聚

乙酸乙烯酯(VAc)与丙烯酸(AA)在GeCl_4及BCl_3存在下通过自由基聚合可得到交替共聚物。对GeCl_4体系,聚合反应速率正比于[引发剂]~(0.5)。当VAc/AA=1:1(mol比)时有最大反应速率。CCl_4对本聚合反应无链转移作用。通过紫外光谱分析可证实VAc及AA均与GeC\(?)生成络合物;ESR分析表明,络合AA自由基较未络合AA有较强的阳离子特性,交替共聚的原因可能与络合AA自由基及活化单体络合物二者有关。     

加热炉用喷补料的研制及应用

介绍了ＨＹＪ—０１喷补料的实验室研制及工业应用。实践表明，该喷补料粘接强度好，抗热震性好。喷补衬使用时间已超过１４个月，无明显破损现象。     

炭黑－环氧树脂导电复合材料的研究

本文研究了炭黑－环氧树脂复合材料的制备工艺及炭黑填充率对材料电阻率的影响。实验结果表明，加入表面活性剂，明显改善了炭黑在环氧树脂中分布的均匀性。炭黑－环氧树脂材料具有明显的渗流效应，正温度系数效应即ＰＴＣ效应，非线性伏安特性和电磁波屏蔽效应。     

某大坝右岸防渗缺陷和新增防渗排水措施效果分析

某大坝是国内已建工程中覆盖层最深的,尤其是其右岸覆盖层最大深度达420 m。工程运行中发现右岸渗漏量较大,且右岸山坡地下水位整体偏高,局部山坡和排水廊道发生渗透破坏。结合工程现场检查情况和现有监测资料,对该大坝右岸渗流性状进行综合分析,分析渗水主要来源和途径、渗流稳定以及防渗系统存在的缺陷。根据现阶段右岸出现的问题,初拟两种防渗系统延长方式及新增排水廊道的处理方案,运用有限元对渗流场进行计算,对比分析两种初拟方案对减少渗漏量和降低地下水位的效果。结果表明在0+610~0+710底部新增封闭式防渗墙与帷幕灌浆,能有效减少渗漏量并能降低防渗系统右端沿线的水头,新增排水廊道排水孔能有效降低排水廊道附近的水头,对右岸边坡渗透稳定有利。所以,截渗与导排相结合是较为有效的防渗处理措施。     

集散控制装置的实验功能开发

以一个模拟生产设备为监控对象,介绍了PCS型集散控制装置的硬件和软件组成,并开发了该装置的各种实验功能,可满足实验教学的要求。     

不同促进剂对NR平衡硫化体系的影响

研究了促进剂的种类，促进剂并用及硫化温度等条件对平衡硫化体系（ＥＣ）硫化天然橡胶（ＮＲ）的影响。结果表明，噻唑类促进剂具有较低的硫化返原率，尤其是促进剂ＤＭ，在１３０～１７０℃的硫化温度范围内，硫化２小时的硫化返原率均为０；当促进剂ＮＯＢＳ或ＣＺ与ＤＭ并用时，可缩短正硫化时间；当ＤＭ摩尔分数分别为４０％和５０％左右时，不仅使硫化２小时的硫化返原率为０，而且可使３００％定伸应力保持恒定；以ＮＯＢＳ或ＣＺ为主促进剂时，正硫化时具有较高的拉伸强度和撕裂强度，但硫化２小时时的降低幅度比ＤＭ大。